{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2891960133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2870854","title":"The Synthesis of Unpaired Underwater Images Using a Multistyle Generative Adversarial Network","display_name":"The Synthesis of Unpaired Underwater Images Using a Multistyle Generative Adversarial Network","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2891960133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2870854","mag":"2891960133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2870854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2870854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2870854","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100368213","display_name":"Na Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4627-036X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100664805","display_name":"Ziqiang Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4027-7955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziqiang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014352060","display_name":"Shaoyong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9656-6567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoyong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055980512","display_name":"Zhibin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4372-1767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhibin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4372-1767","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049456032","display_name":"Haiyong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-0734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-0734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101974805","display_name":"Bing Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-3569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.3107,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89541766,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"54241","last_page":"54257"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.9156599044799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.7194169163703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.712424635887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.640147864818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4921695590019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.4681409001350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39070332050323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1345020830631256}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.9156599044799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.7194169163703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.712424635887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.640147864818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4921695590019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.4681409001350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39070332050323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1345020830631256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2870854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2870854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:78693ebbacdc44f6b351aeb07663c7cb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/78693ebbacdc44f6b351aeb07663c7cb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 54241-54257 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2870854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2870854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3563665161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61701463","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3881787628","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2017BF011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4135245056","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201713019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":99,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51427204","https://openalex.org/W125693051","https://openalex.org/W1587155922","https://openalex.org/W1601133270","https://openalex.org/W1844684489","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1905829557","https://openalex.org/W1924619199","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W1976263166","https://openalex.org/W1984130099","https://openalex.org/W1987747868","https://openalex.org/W2012420567","https://openalex.org/W2017814585","https://openalex.org/W2026203852","https://openalex.org/W2046119925","https://openalex.org/W2046349854","https://openalex.org/W2051690890","https://openalex.org/W2065002911","https://openalex.org/W2085504252","https://openalex.org/W2099046646","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2119602493","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2155871590","https://openalex.org/W2158211626","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2166309521","https://openalex.org/W2181646778","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194187530","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2209874411","https://openalex.org/W2256362396","https://openalex.org/W2264350531","https://openalex.org/W2293588710","https://openalex.org/W2298992465","https://openalex.org/W2430196102","https://openalex.org/W2471239744","https://openalex.org/W2474516010","https://openalex.org/W2501556412","https://openalex.org/W2509784253","https://openalex.org/W2553149432","https://openalex.org/W2553897675","https://openalex.org/W2555437177","https://openalex.org/W2557414982","https://openalex.org/W2565506808","https://openalex.org/W2580458810","https://openalex.org/W2589195617","https://openalex.org/W2603777577","https://openalex.org/W2608015370","https://openalex.org/W2611104282","https://openalex.org/W2612808384","https://openalex.org/W2740435683","https://openalex.org/W2743552164","https://openalex.org/W2744091666","https://openalex.org/W2755509443","https://openalex.org/W2765994799","https://openalex.org/W2767009334","https://openalex.org/W2785532149","https://openalex.org/W2797650215","https://openalex.org/W2950560720","https://openalex.org/W2950776302","https://openalex.org/W2951004968","https://openalex.org/W2951234442","https://openalex.org/W2951939904","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2962947361","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963226019","https://openalex.org/W2963373786","https://openalex.org/W2963420272","https://openalex.org/W2963444790","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963591054","https://openalex.org/W2963767194","https://openalex.org/W2963784072","https://openalex.org/W2963890275","https://openalex.org/W2963917315","https://openalex.org/W2963920537","https://openalex.org/W3099025816","https://openalex.org/W3099562471","https://openalex.org/W4293398859","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6605121731","https://openalex.org/W6638775169","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6677581371","https://openalex.org/W6683067110","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6685261749","https://openalex.org/W6697565712","https://openalex.org/W6718140377","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6720691552","https://openalex.org/W6734074887","https://openalex.org/W6747766732","https://openalex.org/W6785915141"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4310988119","https://openalex.org/W4285226279","https://openalex.org/W4288019534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Underwater":[0],"image":[1,214,242],"datasets":[2],"are":[3],"crucial":[4],"in":[5,38],"underwater":[6,39,50,61,87,109,194,207,231,241],"vision":[7],"research.":[8],"Because":[9],"of":[10,49,59,70,119,160,168,181],"the":[11,25,43,47,113,120,140,145,152,156,166,169,182,188],"strong":[12],"absorption":[13],"and":[14,76,97,116,133,143,158,186,221],"scattering":[15],"effects":[16],"that":[17,67,111,204,228],"occur":[18],"underwater,":[19],"some":[20],"ground":[21,51,184],"truth":[22,185],"such":[23],"as":[24],"depth":[26,243],"map,":[27],"which":[28],"can":[29,83,104,178,236],"be":[30,237],"easily":[31],"collected":[32],"in-air,":[33],"becomes":[34],"a":[35,55,71,93,130,134,210],"great":[36],"challenge":[37],"environments.":[40],"To":[41],"solve":[42],"issues":[44],"associated":[45],"with":[46,196,233],"lack":[48],"truth,":[52],"we":[53,138,177],"propose":[54],"trainable":[56],"end-to-end":[57],"system":[58,82,96,153],"an":[60,98,193],"multistyle":[62],"generative":[63,78],"adversarial":[64,73,79,95],"network":[65,74],"(UMGAN)":[66],"takes":[68],"advantage":[69,180],"cycle-consistent":[72],"(CycleGAN)":[75],"conditional":[77,135],"networks.":[80],"This":[81],"generate":[84],"multiple":[85,197],"realistic":[86],"images":[88,91,107,110,122,163,170,191,208,232],"from":[89,171],"in-air":[90,106,121,162,183,190,234],"using":[92],"hybrid":[94],"unpaired":[99],"method.":[100],"Moreover,":[101],"our":[102,205,229],"model":[103],"translate":[105],"to":[108,154,173,239],"retain":[112],"main":[114],"content":[115,157],"structural":[117,146],"information":[118],"under":[123],"specified":[124],"turbidities":[125],"or":[126],"water":[127,198],"styles":[128],"through":[129],"style":[131],"classifier":[132],"vector.":[136],"Furthermore,":[137],"define":[139],"color":[141,199],"loss":[142,150],"include":[144],"similarity":[147],"index":[148],"measure":[149],"for":[151],"preserve":[155],"structure":[159],"original":[161],"while":[164],"transferring":[165],"backgrounds":[167],"air":[172],"water.":[174],"Using":[175],"UMGAN,":[176],"take":[179],"convert":[187],"corresponding":[189],"into":[192],"dataset":[195],"styles.":[200],"Our":[201],"experiments":[202],"demonstrate":[203],"synthesized":[206,230],"have":[209],"high":[211],"score":[212],"on":[213],"assessment":[215],"against":[216],"CycleGAN,":[217],"WaterGAN,":[218],"StarGAN,":[219],"AdaIN,":[220],"other":[222],"state-of-the-art":[223],"methods.":[224],"We":[225],"also":[226],"show":[227],"depths":[235],"applied":[238],"real":[240],"map":[244],"estimation.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-21T08:15:58.654021","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}