{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2869000049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2851374","title":"An Improved VMD With Empirical Mode Decomposition and Its Application in Incipient Fault Detection of Rolling Bearing","display_name":"An Improved VMD With Empirical Mode Decomposition and Its Application in Incipient Fault Detection of Rolling Bearing","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2869000049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2851374","mag":"2869000049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2851374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2851374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2851374","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035893074","display_name":"Fan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4327-2431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Postdoctoral Research Station of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4327-2431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Research Station of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101691144","display_name":"Zhencai Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-3248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhencai Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment, School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment, School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100360790","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2305-2642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment, School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mine Mechanical and Electrical Equipment, School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":8.5826,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":104,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98141143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"44483","last_page":"44493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11062","display_name":"Gear and Bearing Dynamics Analysis","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilbert\u2013huang-transform","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","score":0.9417557716369629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6299320459365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.5158564448356628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.5113579630851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.4955536127090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.48447537422180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ball-bearing","display_name":"Ball bearing","score":0.4679592549800873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","score":0.46332424879074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kurtosis","display_name":"Kurtosis","score":0.4272998571395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4270501732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","score":0.41434794664382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40781721472740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.39980754256248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.3375009298324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.23994311690330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23771002888679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17643246054649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.14393696188926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09489968419075012}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25570617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006462","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","level":3,"score":0.9417557716369629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6299320459365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.5158564448356628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5113579630851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.4955536127090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.48447537422180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99272414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11432170","display_name":"Ball bearing","level":3,"score":0.4679592549800873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70836080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837940","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46332424879074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166963901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287251","display_name":"Kurtosis","level":2,"score":0.4272998571395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4270501732826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199978012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273815","display_name":"Bearing (navigation)","level":2,"score":0.41434794664382935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40781721472740173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.39980754256248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.3375009298324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.23994311690330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23771002888679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17643246054649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.14393696188926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09489968419075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184608416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455803","display_name":"Lubrication","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2851374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2851374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d6be11e43e3f433f9a785689ad40bf8c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d6be11e43e3f433f9a785689ad40bf8c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 44483-44493 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2851374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2851374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1165480317","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016M590513","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4043959623","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51475455","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4083289060","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20160251","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8034599334","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1510205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8037446253","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017QNA17","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318050906","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51605478","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964511482","https://openalex.org/W1968213687","https://openalex.org/W1974543974","https://openalex.org/W1981516293","https://openalex.org/W1985110006","https://openalex.org/W2000037183","https://openalex.org/W2000982976","https://openalex.org/W2002068610","https://openalex.org/W2007221293","https://openalex.org/W2019505419","https://openalex.org/W2022706486","https://openalex.org/W2032838163","https://openalex.org/W2035960432","https://openalex.org/W2045186954","https://openalex.org/W2063466743","https://openalex.org/W2081097942","https://openalex.org/W2082466218","https://openalex.org/W2120390927","https://openalex.org/W2135045426","https://openalex.org/W2160035290","https://openalex.org/W2162741527","https://openalex.org/W2224640157","https://openalex.org/W2261490426","https://openalex.org/W2286630851","https://openalex.org/W2347027361","https://openalex.org/W2351384759","https://openalex.org/W2365083697","https://openalex.org/W2411208350","https://openalex.org/W2423553850","https://openalex.org/W2515930229","https://openalex.org/W2563167163","https://openalex.org/W2581733941","https://openalex.org/W2589138705","https://openalex.org/W2605583977","https://openalex.org/W2606788990","https://openalex.org/W2622302044","https://openalex.org/W2776057290"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4381516319","https://openalex.org/W1506384729","https://openalex.org/W2037499216","https://openalex.org/W4225568567","https://openalex.org/W4286378979","https://openalex.org/W2075698830","https://openalex.org/W3014107421","https://openalex.org/W2040658123","https://openalex.org/W3154666113","https://openalex.org/W2361368121"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transient":[0],"impulse":[1,209],"analysis":[2,130,170],"is":[3,18,71,93,136,165,177,199],"an":[4,51,89,241],"effective":[5],"way":[6],"to":[7,20,56,73,139,180,219],"detect":[8],"the":[9,48,58,79,107,141,151,168,183,196,221,224,232,238],"bearing":[10],"fault":[11,128,203,243],"at":[12],"its":[13,67],"early":[14],"stage.":[15],"However,":[16,66],"it":[17,102],"hard":[19],"precisely":[21],"extract":[22,237],"these":[23,28,188],"so-called":[24,152],"transient":[25,60,83,208],"impulses":[26,61],"because":[27],"collected":[29,142],"vibration":[30,64,143],"signals":[31],"usually":[32],"are":[33,155,217],"non-stationary,":[34],"nonlinear,":[35],"and":[36,75,112,150,173,212],"drowned":[37],"by":[38,131,158,205],"heavy":[39],"background":[40],"noise.":[41],"Variational":[42],"mode":[43,69,114,123],"decomposition":[44,115],"(VMD)":[45],"can":[46,103,235],"play":[47],"role":[49],"as":[50],"adaptive":[52],"signal":[53,144,185],"processing":[54],"tool":[55],"reveal":[57],"weak":[59],"from":[62,187],"complex":[63],"signals.":[65],"reasonable":[68],"number":[70],"difficult":[72],"pre-set":[74],"this":[76,87,96,100],"would":[77],"make":[78],"loss":[80],"of":[81,109,148,171,192,223,240,244],"useful":[82,153,190],"impulses.":[84],"To":[85],"solve":[86],"issue,":[88],"improved":[90,179,197],"VMD":[91,111,176,198],"strategy":[92],"presented":[94],"in":[95],"paper":[97],".":[98],"For":[99],"method,":[101],"not":[104],"only":[105],"utilize":[106],"advantages":[108],"traditional":[110,193],"empirical":[113],"(EMD)":[116],"but":[117],"also":[118],"adaptively":[119],"select":[120],"sensitive":[121,160],"intrinsic":[122],"function":[124],"(IMF)":[125],"components":[126],"for":[127,201],"component":[129],"proposed":[132,225,233],"indexed":[133],"values.":[134],"EMD":[135],"first":[137],"used":[138,200],"process":[140],"into":[145],"a":[146,159,206,245],"series":[147],"IMFs,":[149],"IMFs":[154,191],"then":[156],"evaluated":[157],"IMF":[161],"evaluation":[162],"index":[163,211],"which":[164],"based":[166],"on":[167],"conjoint":[169],"relatedness":[172],"kurtosis.":[174],"Afterward,":[175],"further":[178],"effectively":[181],"decompose":[182],"denoised":[184],"reconstructed":[186],"selected":[189],"EMD.":[194],"Finally,":[195],"incipient":[202,242],"diagnosis":[204],"defined":[207],"monitoring":[210],"Hilbert":[213],"envelope":[214],"analysis.":[215],"Experiments":[216],"performed":[218],"demonstrate":[220],"effectiveness":[222],"method.":[226],"The":[227],"experimental":[228],"results":[229],"confirm":[230],"that":[231],"method":[234],"accurately":[236],"features":[239],"bearing.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
