{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963514630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2840329","title":"Robustness Analysis of Pedestrian Detectors for Surveillance","display_name":"Robustness Analysis of Pedestrian Detectors for Surveillance","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963514630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2840329","mag":"2963514630"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2840329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2840329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2840329","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063013411","display_name":"Yuming Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6946-3586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59649739","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmyj29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59649739"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuming Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi, CN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59649739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056815630","display_name":"Guanqun Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0199-4612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59649739","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmyj29","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59649739"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanqun Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi, CN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59649739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334733","display_name":"Yuan Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7964-6514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, SG"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, SG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403129","display_name":"Weisi Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9866-1947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weisi Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, SG"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore, SG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112630458","display_name":"Haiwen Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiwen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, CN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063013411"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59649739"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65329549,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"28890","last_page":"28902"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.8658691644668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7556968927383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-detection","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","score":0.668241024017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-quality","display_name":"Video quality","score":0.4860732853412628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.4753660559654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4364092946052551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36966878175735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32556915283203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07406479120254517}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.8658691644668579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7556968927383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355550","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","level":3,"score":0.668241024017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103910844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631256","display_name":"Video quality","level":3,"score":0.4860732853412628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.4753660559654236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4364092946052551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36966878175735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32556915283203125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07406479120254517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2840329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2840329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8d374958adfd44179f9887bc5a92120a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8d374958adfd44179f9887bc5a92120a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 28890-28902 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/87575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10220/45447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2840329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2840329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2221081500","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"161061","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334945","funder_display_name":"Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4352506866","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20071BBE50068","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4813989245","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61571212","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8089748414","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20171BCB23048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334945","display_name":"Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1650122911","https://openalex.org/W1903127635","https://openalex.org/W1908020446","https://openalex.org/W1971014006","https://openalex.org/W1978598038","https://openalex.org/W1978629435","https://openalex.org/W1994774201","https://openalex.org/W1997500560","https://openalex.org/W2005256556","https://openalex.org/W2030253454","https://openalex.org/W2031454541","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2034779469","https://openalex.org/W2039051707","https://openalex.org/W2044697204","https://openalex.org/W2061773916","https://openalex.org/W2081021369","https://openalex.org/W2102817897","https://openalex.org/W2107775979","https://openalex.org/W2113855951","https://openalex.org/W2125556102","https://openalex.org/W2127420331","https://openalex.org/W2130258433","https://openalex.org/W2131748762","https://openalex.org/W2134380836","https://openalex.org/W2136579260","https://openalex.org/W2138302688","https://openalex.org/W2139479830","https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2150298366","https://openalex.org/W2150385913","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162266621","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2172073677","https://openalex.org/W2274131182","https://openalex.org/W2295594159","https://openalex.org/W2296127951","https://openalex.org/W2521788491","https://openalex.org/W2548197316","https://openalex.org/W2962850098","https://openalex.org/W3105814091","https://openalex.org/W3120048558","https://openalex.org/W4237854095","https://openalex.org/W6636787326","https://openalex.org/W6682360581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392100589","https://openalex.org/W2512789322","https://openalex.org/W3122828758","https://openalex.org/W2101960027","https://openalex.org/W4205958986","https://openalex.org/W2197846993","https://openalex.org/W49697837","https://openalex.org/W2586575957","https://openalex.org/W2972620127","https://openalex.org/W2981141433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"obtain":[1],"effective":[2,204],"pedestrian":[3,63,134,153,177,196,205],"detection":[4,30,64,112,131,135,154,178,197,206],"results":[5,166],"in":[6],"surveillance":[7,34,85],"video,":[8],"there":[9],"have":[10],"been":[11],"many":[12],"methods":[13],"proposed":[14],"to":[15,40,66,110,128,202],"handle":[16],"the":[17,57,60,77,129,148,159,169,193],"problems":[18],"from":[19,96],"severe":[20],"occlusion,":[21],"pose":[22],"variation,":[23,48],"clutter":[24],"background,":[25],"and":[26,49,100,114,141],"so":[27,50],"on.":[28,51],"Besides":[29],"accuracy,":[31],"a":[32,82,108,115],"robust":[33],"video":[35,41,67,86,98,139,144],"system":[36],"should":[37],"be":[38,126,172],"stable":[39],"quality":[42,68,145],"degradation":[43],"by":[44,158],"network":[45],"transmission,":[46],"environment":[47],"In":[52,180],"this":[53,74],"paper,":[54],"we":[55,106,182],"conduct":[56],"research":[58],"on":[59,137,187],"robustness":[61,116,149,170],"of":[62,73,133,150,195],"algorithms":[65,136,155,207],"degradation.":[69,146],"The":[70],"main":[71],"contribution":[72],"paper":[75],"includes":[76],"following":[78],"three":[79],"aspects.":[80],"First,":[81],"large-scale":[83],"distorted":[84,103],"data":[87],"set":[88],"(":[89],"<italic":[90,119,161],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[91,120,162],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">DSurVD</i>":[92,163],")":[93],"is":[94,156,200],"constructed":[95],"high-quality":[97,138],"sequences":[99,140],"their":[101],"corresponding":[102],"versions.":[104],"Second,":[105],"design":[107,203],"method":[109],"evaluate":[111],"stability":[113,142],"measure":[117],"called":[118],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">robustness":[121],"quadrangle</i>":[122],",":[123],"which":[124,199],"can":[125,171],"adopted":[127],"visualize":[130],"accuracy":[132],"with":[143],"Third,":[147],"seven":[151],"existing":[152,176],"evaluated":[157],"built":[160],".":[164],"Experimental":[165],"show":[167],"that":[168],"further":[173],"improved":[174],"for":[175,208],"algorithms.":[179],"addition,":[181],"provide":[183],"much":[184],"in-depth":[185],"discussion":[186],"how":[188],"different":[189],"distortion":[190],"types":[191],"influence":[192],"performance":[194],"algorithms,":[198],"important":[201],"surveillance.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
