{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2790040468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2811416","title":"QoE Assessment of Encrypted YouTube Adaptive Streaming for Energy Saving in Smart Cities","display_name":"QoE Assessment of Encrypted YouTube Adaptive Streaming for Energy Saving in Smart Cities","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2790040468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2811416","mag":"2790040468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2811416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2811416","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8274985/08310894.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8274985/08310894.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053238964","display_name":"Wubin Pan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wubin Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043707940","display_name":"Guang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8642-4362"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053238964"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.0463,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9306474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"25142","last_page":"25156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8524073362350464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-quality","display_name":"Video quality","score":0.6489675045013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6317048072814941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5873371362686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-experience","display_name":"Quality of experience","score":0.5449610352516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5289896726608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.5069537162780762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.4548393785953522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-opinion-score","display_name":"Mean opinion score","score":0.42677485942840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3377577066421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.26360201835632324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8524073362350464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103910844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631256","display_name":"Video quality","level":3,"score":0.6489675045013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6317048072814941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5873371362686157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779333187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3132648","display_name":"Quality of experience","level":3,"score":0.5449610352516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5289896726608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.5069537162780762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.4548393785953522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62897895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1915482","display_name":"Mean opinion score","level":3,"score":0.42677485942840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3377577066421509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.26360201835632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2811416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2811416","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8274985/08310894.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d38b039c6e254143b80d91501cfe0a0b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d38b039c6e254143b80d91501cfe0a0b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 25142-25156 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2811416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2811416","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8274985/08310894.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7615807924","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8069377064","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015AA015603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335773","funder_display_name":"National High-tech Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8951484681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321605","display_name":"Government of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/004svx814"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335773","display_name":"National High-tech Research and Development Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2790040468.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2790040468.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140303354","https://openalex.org/W1510529350","https://openalex.org/W1524496078","https://openalex.org/W1608343142","https://openalex.org/W1667399336","https://openalex.org/W1813449438","https://openalex.org/W1876525032","https://openalex.org/W1948222530","https://openalex.org/W1970200030","https://openalex.org/W1971262448","https://openalex.org/W1972797382","https://openalex.org/W1986570368","https://openalex.org/W2000756828","https://openalex.org/W2005802709","https://openalex.org/W2009156671","https://openalex.org/W2011628134","https://openalex.org/W2017840895","https://openalex.org/W2025518782","https://openalex.org/W2026549660","https://openalex.org/W2040064936","https://openalex.org/W2058686227","https://openalex.org/W2096118443","https://openalex.org/W2100002870","https://openalex.org/W2101347143","https://openalex.org/W2103312864","https://openalex.org/W2106489024","https://openalex.org/W2110424938","https://openalex.org/W2116012015","https://openalex.org/W2119271160","https://openalex.org/W2120298561","https://openalex.org/W2120375663","https://openalex.org/W2125800306","https://openalex.org/W2133990480","https://openalex.org/W2152800262","https://openalex.org/W2155925556","https://openalex.org/W2162618876","https://openalex.org/W2166035648","https://openalex.org/W2277149566","https://openalex.org/W2283421224","https://openalex.org/W2567642374","https://openalex.org/W2570025844","https://openalex.org/W2606906085","https://openalex.org/W2608689243","https://openalex.org/W2612942113","https://openalex.org/W2785883864","https://openalex.org/W3146050296","https://openalex.org/W3160447194","https://openalex.org/W6631506987","https://openalex.org/W6636407949","https://openalex.org/W6637238607","https://openalex.org/W6683381688","https://openalex.org/W6695296527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943685190","https://openalex.org/W2516823580","https://openalex.org/W3027116454","https://openalex.org/W2023826535","https://openalex.org/W2046455617","https://openalex.org/W1996783258","https://openalex.org/W1995358030","https://openalex.org/W2611572988","https://openalex.org/W3127182254","https://openalex.org/W2796797126"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Video":[0],"streaming":[1,45,118,276],"has":[2,103],"become":[3],"one":[4],"of":[5,16,27,34,39,43,199,210,225,233,264],"the":[6,17,24,31,35,175,183,191,196,206,223,231,238,251,262,272],"most":[7],"prevalent":[8],"mobile":[9,20,28],"applications":[10],"and":[11,53,66,125,208,214,255,286],"uses":[12],"a":[13,96,152,246,284],"substantial":[14],"portion":[15],"traffic":[18,137,172,197],"on":[19,174,268],"networks":[21],"today.":[22],"With":[23],"limited":[25],"bandwidth":[26],"networks,":[29],"understanding":[30],"user":[32,123],"perception":[33],"quality":[36],"(i.e.,":[37],"Quality":[38],"Experience":[40],"or":[41],"QoE)":[42],"video":[44,62,78,117,136,178,226,239,275],"services":[46],"is":[47,283],"thus":[48],"paramount":[49],"for":[50,229,271],"content":[51],"providers":[52,56],"content-delivery":[54],"network":[55,60,68,126,295],"to":[57,70,95,120,158,182,195,222,260,292],"flexibly":[58,293],"configure":[59,294],"bandwidth,":[61],"servers,":[63],"routing":[64],"devices,":[65],"other":[67],"resources":[69,296],"save":[71],"energy":[72],"in":[73,297],"smart":[74,298],"cities.":[75,299],"Although":[76],"various":[77],"QoE":[79,252,289],"assessment":[80,253],"approaches":[81],"have":[82,236,256],"been":[83],"proposed":[84,244],"using":[85],"different":[86],"key":[87],"performance":[88],"indicators":[89],"(KPIs),":[90],"they":[91],"all":[92],"essentially":[93],"relate":[94],"common":[97],"parameter:":[98],"bitrate.":[99],"However,":[100],"because":[101],"YouTube":[102,171,274],"adopted":[104],"hyper":[105],"text":[106],"transfer":[107],"protocol":[108],"over":[109,218],"secure":[110],"socket":[111],"layer":[112],"(HTTPS)":[113],"as":[114,250],"its":[115,269],"adaptive":[116],"method":[119],"better":[121],"protect":[122],"privacy":[124],"security,":[127],"bitrate":[128,154,160,265],"can":[129],"no":[130],"longer":[131],"be":[132],"obtained":[133],"from":[134,162],"encrypted":[135],"via":[138],"typical":[139],"deep":[140],"packet":[141,164,185],"inspection.":[142],"In":[143],"this":[144,148],"paper,":[145],"we":[146,168,189,204,235],"address":[147],"challenge":[149],"by":[150,245],"proposing":[151],"machine-learning-based":[153],"estimation":[155,266],"(MBE)":[156],"approach":[157,291],"parse":[159],"information":[161],"IP":[163,180],"level":[165],"measurements.":[166],"First,":[167],"filter":[169],"HTTPS":[170,273],"based":[173],"previously":[176],"established":[177],"server":[179],"according":[181,194,221],"data":[184],"googlevideo":[186],"field.":[187],"Then,":[188],"identify":[190,205],"transmission":[192],"mode":[193],"characteristics":[198,224],"several":[200],"previous":[201],"packets.":[202],"Next,":[203],"bitrates":[207],"resolutions":[209],"HTTP":[211,219],"Live":[212],"Streaming":[213,217],"Dynamic":[215],"Adaptive":[216],"modes":[220],"chunks.":[227],"Finally,":[228],"evaluating":[230],"effectiveness":[232],"MBE,":[234],"chosen":[237],"Mean":[240],"Opinion":[241],"Score":[242],"(vMOS)":[243],"leading":[247],"telecom":[248],"vendor":[249],"framework,":[254],"conducted":[257],"comprehensive":[258],"experiments":[259],"study":[261],"impact":[263],"accuracy":[267],"KPIs":[270],"service.":[277],"Experimental":[278],"results":[279],"show":[280],"that":[281],"MBE":[282],"feasible":[285],"highly":[287],"effective":[288],"evaluation":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}