{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2789763033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2810225","title":"A Quadrilinear Decomposition Method for Direction Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar","display_name":"A Quadrilinear Decomposition Method for Direction Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2789763033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2810225","mag":"2789763033"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2810225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2810225","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8274985/08318577.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8274985/08318577.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100441397","display_name":"Ziyi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5428-0494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177739611","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic and Information School, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic and Information School, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101656884","display_name":"Changxin Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3525-6773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177739611","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxin Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic and Information School, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic and Information School, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025764540","display_name":"Fangqing Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-4326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177739611","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangqing Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic and Information School, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China","Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-4326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic and Information School, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177739611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055879656","display_name":"Dongmei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-2156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710378","display_name":"Naval University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/056vyez31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongmei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Training Management, Naval Command College, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Training Management, Naval Command College, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.6561,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67194631,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"13766","last_page":"13772"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.7245123386383057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6603999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.5721696019172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5469024181365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensor-decomposition","display_name":"Tensor decomposition","score":0.5272585153579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.503393828868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snapshot","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","score":0.4913415014743805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.47970741987228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.46134594082832336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.461095929145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigendecomposition-of-a-matrix","display_name":"Eigendecomposition of a matrix","score":0.4483262598514557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensor","display_name":"Tensor (intrinsic definition)","score":0.43674027919769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.41493335366249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24565130472183228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.12030720710754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.10698944330215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07975184917449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0784304141998291}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.7245123386383057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6603999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.5721696019172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5469024181365967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30103009","display_name":"Tensor decomposition","level":3,"score":0.5272585153579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.503393828868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55282118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252683","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","level":2,"score":0.4913415014743805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.47970741987228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.46134594082832336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.461095929145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169756996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194919","display_name":"Eigendecomposition of a matrix","level":3,"score":0.4483262598514557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155281189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518150","display_name":"Tensor (intrinsic definition)","level":2,"score":0.43674027919769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.41493335366249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24565130472183228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.12030720710754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.10698944330215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07975184917449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0784304141998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2810225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2810225","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8274985/08318577.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a2cf7bac911843b08ef64aa14d223cd3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a2cf7bac911843b08ef64aa14d223cd3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 13766-13772 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2810225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2810225","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8274985/08318577.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2096840212","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016-DXCX-05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324773","funder_display_name":"Yangtze University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7122044253","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61701046","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8722711589","display_name":"\u4f4e\u4fe1\u566a\u6bd4\u538b\u7f29\u611f\u77e5\u96f7\u8fbe\u9635\u5217\u7684\u7a7a\u65f6\u538b\u7f29\u79ef\u7d2f\u89c2\u6d4b\u77e9\u9635\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61471191","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324773","display_name":"Yangtze University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhmhz54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2789763033.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2789763033.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003733299","https://openalex.org/W2004944703","https://openalex.org/W2018079095","https://openalex.org/W2025654678","https://openalex.org/W2036386842","https://openalex.org/W2040822780","https://openalex.org/W2078511883","https://openalex.org/W2089701475","https://openalex.org/W2092864563","https://openalex.org/W2101641981","https://openalex.org/W2110798624","https://openalex.org/W2147863695","https://openalex.org/W2160664759","https://openalex.org/W2170668800","https://openalex.org/W2315371812","https://openalex.org/W2565201095","https://openalex.org/W2597261759"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2359299668","https://openalex.org/W1604267224","https://openalex.org/W3088635414","https://openalex.org/W4362680572","https://openalex.org/W2360754927","https://openalex.org/W2965450721","https://openalex.org/W2289858865","https://openalex.org/W2366875156","https://openalex.org/W2150953077","https://openalex.org/W3213449325"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"investigate":[1],"into":[2,33],"the":[3,35,39,51,75,88,103,114,129,141,149,152],"problem":[4,52],"of":[5,38,53,143,151],"joint":[6,54],"direction-of-departure":[7],"(DOD)":[8],"and":[9,18,56,78,83],"direction-ofarrival":[10],"(DOA)":[11],"estimation":[12,58],"in":[13,28,140],"a":[14,19,43,60],"multiple-input":[15],"multiple-output":[16],"radar,":[17],"novel":[20],"covariance":[21,45],"tensor-based":[22],"quadrilinear":[23,61,65],"decomposition":[24,62],"algorithm":[25,95,131],"is":[26,47,71,110],"derived":[27],"this":[29],"paper.":[30],"By":[31],"taking":[32],"account":[34],"multidimensional":[36],"structure":[37],"matched":[40],"array":[41],"data,":[42],"fourth-order":[44],"tensor":[46],"formulated,":[48],"which":[49,109],"links":[50],"DOD":[55],"DOA":[57],"to":[59,73,102,122],"model.":[63],"A":[64],"alternating":[66],"least":[67],"squares":[68],"(QALSs)":[69],"technique":[70],"applied":[72],"estimate":[74],"loading":[76],"matrices,":[77],"thereafter":[79],"automatically":[80],"paired":[81],"DODs":[82],"DOAs":[84],"are":[85],"obtained":[86],"via":[87],"LSs":[89],"fitting":[90],"strategy.":[91],"The":[92],"proposed":[93,130,153],"QALS":[94],"can":[96,118],"be":[97,119],"regarded":[98],"as":[99],"an":[100],"alternative":[101],"direct":[104],"parallel":[105],"factor":[106],"(PARAFAC)":[107],"algorithm,":[108],"more":[111],"flexible":[112],"than":[113,137],"latter":[115],"since":[116],"it":[117],"easily":[120],"expanded":[121],"scenario":[123],"with":[124],"spatially":[125],"colored":[126],"noise.":[127],"Moreover,":[128],"has":[132],"much":[133],"lower":[134],"computational":[135],"complexity":[136],"PARAFAC,":[138],"especially":[139],"presence":[142],"large":[144],"snapshot.":[145],"Numerical":[146],"simulations":[147],"verify":[148],"effectiveness":[150],"algorithm.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}