{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2792642926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2803806","title":"A New Regularized Matrix Discriminant Analysis (R-MDA) Enabled Human-Centered EEG Monitoring Systems","display_name":"A New Regularized Matrix Discriminant Analysis (R-MDA) Enabled Human-Centered EEG Monitoring Systems","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2792642926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2803806","mag":"2792642926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2803806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2803806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2803806","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101563653","display_name":"Jie Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-5033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-5033","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059067107","display_name":"Linbo Qing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3555-0005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linbo Qing","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029742741","display_name":"Xiaohai He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8399-3172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24201400","display_name":"Chengdu University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yxwrh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohai He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8399-3172","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I24201400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438471","display_name":"Hang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0115-387X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100734088","display_name":"Jing Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4731-734X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023330203","display_name":"Yonghong Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5508-1819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5728261","display_name":"University of Sunderland","ror":"https://ror.org/04p55hr04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5728261"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghong Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, University of Sunderland, St. Peters Campus, Sunderland, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, University of Sunderland, St. Peters Campus, Sunderland, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5728261"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.545,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60941189,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"13911","last_page":"13920"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7178122997283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.6971290707588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.657333493232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.6464314460754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5963141918182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5950780510902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.545428991317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5324488878250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.4968445599079132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.4538496732711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3348791301250458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24795985221862793}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7178122997283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.6971290707588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.657333493232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.6464314460754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5963141918182373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5950780510902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.545428991317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5324488878250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.4968445599079132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.4538496732711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3348791301250458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24795985221862793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2803806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2803806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sure.sunderland.ac.uk:8954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/view/creators/Su=3AJie=3A=3A.html>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402295","display_name":"Sunderland Repository (University of Sunderland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5728261","host_organization_name":"University of Sunderland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5728261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c7b60491e9a64c25b8e6d9d930439991","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c7b60491e9a64c25b8e6d9d930439991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 13911-13920 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2803806","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2803806","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4213948867","display_name":"\u7ed3\u5408\u8d85\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u53ca\u89c6\u9891\u65b0\u578b\u538b\u7f29\u7f16\u7801\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61471248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080618762","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016-XT00-00015-GX","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336736","funder_display_name":"Chengdu Science and Technology Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5401784553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016-XT00-00015-GX","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6185542905","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-HM01-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336736","display_name":"Chengdu Science and Technology Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29918989","https://openalex.org/W1964867524","https://openalex.org/W1977884228","https://openalex.org/W2000038217","https://openalex.org/W2005791255","https://openalex.org/W2014596061","https://openalex.org/W2017214292","https://openalex.org/W2020122740","https://openalex.org/W2036295561","https://openalex.org/W2068184837","https://openalex.org/W2072787788","https://openalex.org/W2083516195","https://openalex.org/W2097366995","https://openalex.org/W2103450723","https://openalex.org/W2103972604","https://openalex.org/W2123200371","https://openalex.org/W2125390510","https://openalex.org/W2132380474","https://openalex.org/W2149737612","https://openalex.org/W2150382423","https://openalex.org/W2171151752","https://openalex.org/W2293116253","https://openalex.org/W2344423402","https://openalex.org/W2344681960","https://openalex.org/W2556920913","https://openalex.org/W2950952569","https://openalex.org/W6674755931","https://openalex.org/W6679490728","https://openalex.org/W6685089420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2114217318","https://openalex.org/W2794812819","https://openalex.org/W2587881214","https://openalex.org/W3104072235","https://openalex.org/W3036945320","https://openalex.org/W2370263288","https://openalex.org/W1995622179","https://openalex.org/W1484111231","https://openalex.org/W4391160746","https://openalex.org/W1552543208"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"wider":[1],"use":[2,47],"of":[3,21,28,48,65,72,74,80,119,127,137,141,187,224,247],"wearable":[4,49,258],"devices":[5,51,260],"for":[6,16,82,97,134,160],"electroencephalogram":[7],"(EEG)":[8],"data":[9,29,38,67,171,176],"capturing":[10,220],"provides":[11],"a":[12,42,57,148,152,175,185,197],"very":[13],"useful":[14],"way":[15,255],"the":[17,25,46,62,70,75,101,104,110,125,128,135,138,142,167,169,194,208,221,225,236,248],"monitoring":[18],"and":[19,40,68,90,117,164,178,200,219],"self-management":[20],"human":[22],"health.":[23],"However,":[24,103],"large":[26],"volumes":[27],"with":[30,244],"high":[31],"dimensions":[32,218],"cause":[33],"computational":[34,115],"complexity":[35],"in":[36,52,100,263],"EEG":[37,50,66,76,98,143,161,170,217,226,249,259],"processing":[39,99],"pose":[41],"great":[43],"challenge":[44],"to":[45,60,183,214,256],"healthcare.":[53],"This":[54,251],"paper":[55],"proposes":[56],"new":[58,149,209,233],"approach":[59],"extract":[61],"structural":[63,139,222],"information":[64,140,223],"tackle":[69],"curse":[71],"dimensionality":[73,83],"data.":[77,144,227,250],"A":[78],"set":[79,186],"methods":[81,93,107,121],"reduction":[84],"(DR)-like":[85],"linear":[86],"discriminant":[87,155],"analysis":[88,156],"(LDA)":[89],"their":[91],"improved":[92,242],"have":[94],"been":[95,212],"developed":[96],"literature.":[102],"existing":[105,120,237],"LDA-related":[106,238],"suffer":[108],"from":[109],"singularity":[111],"problem":[112],"or":[113],"expensive":[114],"cost,":[116],"none":[118],"take":[122],"into":[123],"consideration":[124],"structure":[126],"projection":[129,179,188,206],"matrix,":[130,177,207],"which":[131],"is":[132,158],"crucial":[133],"extraction":[136],"In":[145,166],"this":[146,232],"paper,":[147],"method":[150],"called":[151],"regularized":[153],"matrix":[154],"(R-MDA)":[157],"proposed":[159],"feature":[162],"representation":[163],"DR.":[165],"R-MDA,":[168],"are":[172,181],"represented":[173],"as":[174,196],"vectors":[180],"reshaped":[182],"be":[184,261],"matrices":[189],"stacking":[190],"together.":[191],"By":[192],"reformulating":[193],"LDA":[195],"least-square":[198],"formulation":[199],"imposing":[201],"specified":[202],"constraint":[203],"on":[204],"each":[205],"R-MDA":[210,234],"has":[211],"constructed":[213],"effectively":[215],"reduce":[216],"Experimental":[228],"results":[229],"demonstrate":[230],"that":[231],"outperforms":[235],"methods,":[239],"including":[240],"achieving":[241],"accuracy":[243],"significant":[245],"DR":[246],"offers":[252],"an":[253],"effective":[254],"enable":[257],"applicable":[262],"human-centered":[264],"health":[265],"monitoring.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}