{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2792257088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2799240","title":"Secure and Robust Fragile Watermarking Scheme for Medical Images","display_name":"Secure and Robust Fragile Watermarking Scheme for Medical Images","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2792257088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2799240","mag":"2792257088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2799240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2799240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2799240","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048086475","display_name":"Abdulaziz Shehab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-7172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulaziz Shehab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-7172","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000985289","display_name":"Mohamed Elhoseny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-8368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Elhoseny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-8368","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018267985","display_name":"Khan Muhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-1150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khan Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Media Laboratory, Digital Contents Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-1150","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Media Laboratory, Digital Contents Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072241102","display_name":"Arun Kumar Sangaiah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-2460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Kumar Sangaiah","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0229-2460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008276130","display_name":"Po Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-7127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zfme737","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053579397","display_name":"Haojun Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4154-8529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojun Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer science, College of Computer, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer science, College of Computer, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020387074","display_name":"Guolin Hou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140031","display_name":"Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/0543q7s13","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140031"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guolin Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Near-surface Detection Laboratory, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Near-surface Detection Laboratory, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140031"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":14.9823,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":244,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99167112,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"10269","last_page":"10278"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.79100102186203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.7527543306350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6401733160018921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5478732585906982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5420864224433899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5218628644943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5177794694900513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.49785470962524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-cosine-transform","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","score":0.49405744671821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"Vector quantization","score":0.4737076461315155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.447620153427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4298252463340759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4164559245109558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-restoration","display_name":"Image restoration","score":0.41264617443084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3889475464820862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3210746645927429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.25832435488700867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.25437021255493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2500172257423401}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.79100102186203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.7527543306350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6401733160018921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5478732585906982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5420864224433899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5218628644943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5177794694900513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.49785470962524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.49405744671821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199833920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612536","display_name":"Vector quantization","level":2,"score":0.4737076461315155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.447620153427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4298252463340759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4164559245109558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.41264617443084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3889475464820862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3210746645927429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.25832435488700867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.25437021255493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2500172257423401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2799240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2799240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk:7856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/7856/8/08283526.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401246","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","host_organization_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ce032cd724bd4f59a9a9f8241e9e841b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ce032cd724bd4f59a9a9f8241e9e841b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 10269-10278 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2799240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2799240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G428496420","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61402343","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39003839","https://openalex.org/W1551880514","https://openalex.org/W1551896442","https://openalex.org/W1567629897","https://openalex.org/W1977271127","https://openalex.org/W1994869385","https://openalex.org/W2006931102","https://openalex.org/W2008072817","https://openalex.org/W2039720560","https://openalex.org/W2047645691","https://openalex.org/W2068244131","https://openalex.org/W2081631343","https://openalex.org/W2122014146","https://openalex.org/W2131165582","https://openalex.org/W2131559909","https://openalex.org/W2145986939","https://openalex.org/W2153809950","https://openalex.org/W2154452829","https://openalex.org/W2164840593","https://openalex.org/W2181749910","https://openalex.org/W2203655836","https://openalex.org/W2296583276","https://openalex.org/W2329582438","https://openalex.org/W2379165784","https://openalex.org/W2508078831","https://openalex.org/W2551235116","https://openalex.org/W2591607908","https://openalex.org/W2604541107","https://openalex.org/W2768947764","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6601563183","https://openalex.org/W6632821717","https://openalex.org/W6686213866","https://openalex.org/W6734038337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361629745","https://openalex.org/W2107922825","https://openalex.org/W3094285444","https://openalex.org/W1568204688","https://openalex.org/W2373405822","https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2155762682","https://openalex.org/W1978162990","https://openalex.org/W2080482078","https://openalex.org/W2073504300"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,21,100,120,158,209],"the":[2,11,14,23,59,85,92,97,103,106,122,138,151,164,192,196,206],"advances":[3],"in":[4,30,105],"computer-based":[5],"communication":[6],"and":[7,28,44,76,115,154,185,187,205],"health":[8],"services":[9],"over":[10],"past":[12],"decade,":[13],"need":[15],"for":[16,41,46],"image":[17,42,53,64,98,140,152],"security":[18],"becomes":[19],"urgent":[20],"address":[22],"requirements":[24],"of":[25,87,96,128,163,175,212],"both":[26,201],"safety":[27],"non-safety":[29],"medical":[31,47],"applications.":[32,48],"This":[33],"paper":[34],"proposes":[35],"a":[36,143,156],"new":[37],"fragile":[38],"watermarking-based":[39],"scheme":[40,51,169,198],"authentication":[43,110,114,153],"self-recovery":[45,116,129],"The":[49,126,167],"proposed":[50,168,197],"locates":[52],"tampering":[54,145],"as":[55,57,178],"well":[56],"recovers":[58,137],"original":[60,107,139],"image.":[61,108,166,214],"A":[62],"host":[63],"is":[65,81,131,170],"broken":[66],"into":[67,91],"<inline-formula":[68],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[69],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[70],"<tex-math":[71],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$4\\times":[72],"4$":[73],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[74],"blocks":[75],"singular":[77],"value":[78],"decomposition":[79],"(SVD)":[80],"applied":[82],"by":[83],"inserting":[84],"traces":[86],"block":[88,113],"wise":[89],"SVD":[90],"least":[93],"significant":[94],"bit":[95],"pixels":[99],"figure":[101],"out":[102],"transformation":[104],"Two":[109],"bits":[111,117,130],"namely":[112],"are":[118],"used":[119],"survive":[121],"vector":[123],"quantization":[124],"attack.":[125,189],"insertion":[127,183],"determined":[132],"with":[133,191],"Arnold":[134],"transformation,":[135],"which":[136],"even":[141],"after":[142],"high":[144],"rate.":[146],"SVD-based":[147],"watermarking":[148],"information":[149],"improves":[150,200],"provides":[155],"way":[157],"detect":[159],"different":[160,173],"attacked":[161],"area":[162],"watermarked":[165],"tested":[171],"against":[172],"types":[174],"attacks":[176],"such":[177],"text":[179,182],"removal":[180],"attack,":[181,184],"copy":[186],"paste":[188],"Compared":[190],"state-of-the":[193],"art":[194],"methods,":[195],"greatly":[199],"tamper":[202],"localization":[203],"accuracy":[204],"peak":[207],"signal":[208],"noise":[210],"ratio":[211],"self-recovered":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":34}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
