{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2773886975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2778881","title":"A Semi-Supervised Image Classification Model Based on Improved Ensemble Projection Algorithm","display_name":"A Semi-Supervised Image Classification Model Based on Improved Ensemble Projection Algorithm","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2773886975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2778881","mag":"2773886975"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2778881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2778881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2778881","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007404362","display_name":"Qiguang Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2872-388X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiguang Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2872-388X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051643079","display_name":"Ruyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9231-1081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033792593","display_name":"Peipei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2275-2495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peipei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044422446","display_name":"Yunan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7316-4354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068366075","display_name":"Erqiang Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erqiang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81021869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1372","last_page":"1379"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.782079815864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-boundary","display_name":"Decision boundary","score":0.6498763561248779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5718801021575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.5700573921203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5425910949707031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5166606903076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.5023677349090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.5012590885162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.49546658992767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.4828663170337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.47424453496932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46716630458831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.44303393363952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4108322262763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.390961229801178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3779354393482208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1470957100391388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.09068074822425842}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.782079815864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42023084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249231","display_name":"Decision boundary","level":3,"score":0.6498763561248779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5718801021575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5700573921203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5425910949707031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5166606903076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.5023677349090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5012590885162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.49546658992767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4828663170337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.47424453496932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46716630458831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.44303393363952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4108322262763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.390961229801178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3779354393482208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1470957100391388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.09068074822425842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2778881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2778881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:39793e8a8e1149b2bc4fc2a2498497e6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/39793e8a8e1149b2bc4fc2a2498497e6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 1372-1379 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2778881","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2778881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2324311213","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\u4e0e\u7279\u5f81\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u53bb\u973e\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61772396","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3400520820","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JB170306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4895336395","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6f14\u5316\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u4e91\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61772392","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8214882295","display_name":"\u5f69\u8272\u5730\u5f62\u56fe\u4e2d\u5730\u7406\u8981\u7d20\u63d0\u53d6\u4e0e\u8bc6\u522b\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61472302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8527663468","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u6807\u7b7e\u5f31\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u7279\u5f81\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u53d6\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61672409","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321026","display_name":"Ministry of Earth Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/013cf5k59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322529","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50236904","https://openalex.org/W1589362500","https://openalex.org/W1625255723","https://openalex.org/W1774786334","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W1989568113","https://openalex.org/W1990334093","https://openalex.org/W2018540854","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2062671023","https://openalex.org/W2088843485","https://openalex.org/W2097018403","https://openalex.org/W2098407371","https://openalex.org/W2099528205","https://openalex.org/W2100567627","https://openalex.org/W2103658758","https://openalex.org/W2107008379","https://openalex.org/W2107034620","https://openalex.org/W2107968230","https://openalex.org/W2108501770","https://openalex.org/W2108876167","https://openalex.org/W2120641342","https://openalex.org/W2133621813","https://openalex.org/W2138826255","https://openalex.org/W2145073242","https://openalex.org/W2145406111","https://openalex.org/W2148289906","https://openalex.org/W2148596671","https://openalex.org/W2161050705","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2312968420","https://openalex.org/W2756477888","https://openalex.org/W2949416428","https://openalex.org/W4210997624","https://openalex.org/W4232730838","https://openalex.org/W4252381709","https://openalex.org/W6602046302","https://openalex.org/W6636494156","https://openalex.org/W6672484794","https://openalex.org/W6674642818","https://openalex.org/W6675944832","https://openalex.org/W6676132248","https://openalex.org/W6676348322","https://openalex.org/W6681651645","https://openalex.org/W6834357723"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329500892","https://openalex.org/W28991112","https://openalex.org/W2370726991","https://openalex.org/W2369710579","https://openalex.org/W4327728159","https://openalex.org/W4394266730","https://openalex.org/W1990856605","https://openalex.org/W2053783616","https://openalex.org/W2144199528","https://openalex.org/W2547046937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"classification":[1,60,93],"has":[2],"been":[3],"an":[4,58,96,129],"incredibly":[5],"active":[6],"research":[7],"topic":[8],"in":[9,42,155],"recent":[10],"years":[11],"with":[12,120,128,187],"widespread":[13],"applications.":[14],"Researchers":[15],"have":[16,192],"put":[17],"forward":[18],"many":[19],"remarkable":[20],"techniques":[21],"and":[22,80,83,191],"semi-supervised":[23],"learning":[24],"(SSL)":[25],"is":[26,140],"one":[27],"among":[28,39],"them.":[29],"However,":[30],"due":[31],"to":[32,74,173,212],"not":[33,118],"taking":[34],"the":[35,63,104,110,121,144,148,168,177,184,198,216],"relationship":[36],"of":[37,65,112,142,208],"samples":[38],"different":[40],"classes":[41],"consideration,":[43],"previous":[44,199],"approaches":[45],"cannot":[46],"often":[47],"get":[48,215],"a":[49,70,76,87,194,205],"clear":[50],"decision":[51,89],"boundary.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"we":[56,68,85,115,182,214],"propose":[57],"improved":[59,97],"model":[61,73],"on":[62,95,147],"basis":[64],"SSL.":[66],"First,":[67],"adopt":[69],"deformable":[71],"partbased":[72],"capture":[75],"stable":[77],"global":[78],"structure":[79],"salient":[81],"objects,":[82],"then,":[84],"find":[86],"better":[88],"boundary":[90],"by":[91],"our":[92,113,138],"algorithm-based":[94],"ensemble":[98],"projection":[99],"(IEP).":[100],"Our":[101],"IEP":[102],"exploits":[103],"weighted":[105],"average":[106,170],"method.":[107],"To":[108],"evaluate":[109],"effectiveness":[111],"approach,":[114],"do":[116],"experiments":[117],"only":[119],"LandUse-21":[122],"(L-21)":[123],"data":[124,132,150,157,180,210],"set,":[125,158,181],"but":[126],"also":[127],"architecture":[130,178],"style":[131,179],"set.":[133],"Experimental":[134],"results":[135],"show":[136],"that":[137],"approach":[139],"capable":[141],"achieving":[143],"state-of-the-art":[145],"performance":[146],"two":[149],"sets.":[151],"For":[152],"each":[153],"class":[154],"L-21":[156],"when":[159],"50":[160],"images":[161],"are":[162,204],"randomly":[163],"chosen":[164],"as":[165],"training":[166],"images,":[167],"multi-class":[169],"precision":[171],"increases":[172],"97.63%.":[174],"Besides,":[175],"for":[176],"achieve":[183],"best":[185,200],"result":[186],"about":[188,193],"80%":[189],"accuracy":[190],"10%":[195],"improvement":[196],"over":[197],"work.":[201],"Although":[202],"there":[203],"small":[206],"number":[207],"labeled":[209],"used":[211],"train,":[213],"satisfactory":[217],"performance.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
