{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2765371160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2766632","title":"A Novel Direct Position Determination Algorithm for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Signals Based on the Time and Angle of Arrival","display_name":"A Novel Direct Position Determination Algorithm for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Signals Based on the Time and Angle of Arrival","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2765371160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2766632","mag":"2765371160"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2766632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2766632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2766632","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101559927","display_name":"Zhiyu Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8738-0258"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyu Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8738-0258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334398","display_name":"Jianhui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9159-4558"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035557497","display_name":"Bin Ba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7302-2994"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Ba","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101536286","display_name":"Daming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5046-5469"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological Research and Development Center, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7838,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72904924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"25312","last_page":"25321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.891183614730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.8343459963798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.6437737941741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.623929500579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6224662661552429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.509399950504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.5051103234291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.4363609552383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.4357920289039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.43556106090545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.315751850605011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29495060443878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15156036615371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13312217593193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12875047326087952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.09794417023658752}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.891183614730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.8343459963798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.6437737941741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.623929500579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6224662661552429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.509399950504303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.5051103234291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.4363609552383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.4357920289039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.43556106090545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.315751850605011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29495060443878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15156036615371704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13312217593193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12875047326087952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.09794417023658752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2766632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2766632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c4501e6d1f2d492c94f48fa70160a2cb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c4501e6d1f2d492c94f48fa70160a2cb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 5, Pp 25312-25321 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2766632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2766632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G693223130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61401513","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W168423596","https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W267534067","https://openalex.org/W1483484469","https://openalex.org/W1494338725","https://openalex.org/W1965392255","https://openalex.org/W1972680559","https://openalex.org/W2042970110","https://openalex.org/W2060030101","https://openalex.org/W2063206391","https://openalex.org/W2063222908","https://openalex.org/W2077312150","https://openalex.org/W2086059939","https://openalex.org/W2099601847","https://openalex.org/W2100758588","https://openalex.org/W2101417447","https://openalex.org/W2108488504","https://openalex.org/W2114005163","https://openalex.org/W2124888202","https://openalex.org/W2146845212","https://openalex.org/W2152545872","https://openalex.org/W2157390512","https://openalex.org/W2167996710","https://openalex.org/W2183097636","https://openalex.org/W2338044914","https://openalex.org/W2583698581","https://openalex.org/W3000793462","https://openalex.org/W3005981695","https://openalex.org/W3007988615","https://openalex.org/W3112084607","https://openalex.org/W6774075936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076213752","https://openalex.org/W2066348132","https://openalex.org/W2101823128","https://openalex.org/W2585557503","https://openalex.org/W2612484128","https://openalex.org/W2169354510","https://openalex.org/W2116492537","https://openalex.org/W2612716334","https://openalex.org/W163027446","https://openalex.org/W2119198198"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compared":[0],"with":[1],"conventional":[2,202],"two-step":[3,160,203],"localization":[4,12,57,204,215],"algorithms":[5,41,200],"which":[6,146],"are":[7],"implemented":[8],"by":[9,121],"initially":[10],"estimating":[11],"parameters":[13],"and":[14,36,84,100,123,150,201],"then":[15],"calculating":[16,142],"the":[17,20,47,71,82,89,101,125,132,138,143,157,171,180,191,208,220],"target":[18,139],"position,":[19],"performance":[21],"of":[22,32,46,49,73,86,103,108,159,170,174,210],"direct":[23],"position":[24,140,181],"determination":[25],"(DPD)":[26],"algorithm":[27,67,118,130,192],"is":[28,93,119,147,167,217],"superior":[29],"in":[30,194],"terms":[31],"high":[33],"estimation":[34,182],"accuracy":[35,216],"strong":[37],"resolution":[38],"capability.":[39],"DPD":[40,66,90,117,199],"can":[42,155],"make":[43],"full":[44],"use":[45],"characteristics":[48,72],"signals":[50,79],"to":[51,136,219],"improve":[52],"positioning":[53],"performance.":[54],"Using":[55],"this":[56,61,195],"mechanism":[58],"as":[59],"basis,":[60],"study":[62],"develops":[63],"a":[64,168],"novel":[65],"that":[68],"profits":[69],"from":[70],"orthogonal":[74],"frequency":[75],"division":[76],"multiplexing":[77],"(OFDM)":[78],"based":[80,95],"on":[81,96,179],"time":[83],"angle":[85],"arrival.":[87],"First,":[88],"optimization":[91],"model":[92],"constructed":[94],"maximum":[97],"likelihood":[98],"criterion":[99],"characteristic":[102],"multiple":[104],"carrier":[105],"modulation":[106],"technique":[107],"OFDM":[109,185],"signals.":[110],"Then,":[111],"an":[112],"extended":[113,126,133],"subspace":[114,134],"data":[115,135],"fusion-based":[116],"developed":[120],"constructing":[122],"decomposing":[124],"covariance":[127],"matrices.":[128],"The":[129,162],"fuses":[131],"estimate":[137],"without":[141],"intermediate":[144],"variables,":[145],"less":[148],"complex":[149],"more":[151],"efficient.":[152],"These":[153],"properties":[154],"avoid":[156],"limitations":[158],"algorithms.":[161,205],"last":[163],"but":[164],"important":[165],"result":[166],"derivation":[169],"closed-form":[172],"expression":[173],"Cramer-Rao":[175],"lower":[176],"bound":[177],"(CRLB)":[178],"variance":[183],"for":[184],"sources.":[186],"Simulation":[187],"results":[188],"show":[189],"that,":[190],"proposed":[193],"paper":[196],"outperforms":[197],"existing":[198],"Especially":[206],"under":[207],"condition":[209],"low":[211],"signal-to-noise":[212],"ratio,":[213],"its":[214],"close":[218],"CRLB.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}