{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2752576737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2738565","title":"Threat From Being Social: Vulnerability Analysis of Social Network Coupled Smart Grid","display_name":"Threat From Being Social: Vulnerability Analysis of Social Network Coupled Smart Grid","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2752576737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2738565","mag":"2752576737"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2738565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2738565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2738565","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052573237","display_name":"Tianyi Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3578-3944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianyi Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030378871","display_name":"Subhankar Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-7291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163389970","display_name":"National Institute of Science Education and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02r2k1c68","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163389970","https://openalex.org/I200207707"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subhankar Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163389970"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043687134","display_name":"Lan N. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5726-6289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lan N. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100602986","display_name":"Gunhee Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9131-1450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387156240","display_name":"National Security Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01rg5mm74","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I4387156240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118593","display_name":"Korean Association for Public Security Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5yh638","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118593"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gunhee Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Security Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Security Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118593","https://openalex.org/I4387156240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007225282","display_name":"Jungmin Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3506-6400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387156240","display_name":"National Security Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01rg5mm74","country_code":null,"type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I4387156240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118593","display_name":"Korean Association for Public Security Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5yh638","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118593"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungmin Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Security Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Security Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118593","https://openalex.org/I4387156240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051250672","display_name":"Jung Taek Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0971-8548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24541011","display_name":"Soonchunhyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qjsrb10","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungtaek Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Security Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Security Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24541011"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005663679","display_name":"My T. Thai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0503-2012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"My T. Thai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052573237"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.6289,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84750248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"16774","last_page":"16783"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.8108549118041992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7891001105308533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascading-failure","display_name":"Cascading failure","score":0.6072233319282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.560730516910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5214200019836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.517616868019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","score":0.449954092502594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misinformation","display_name":"Misinformation","score":0.44795501232147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-response","display_name":"Demand response","score":0.4403872489929199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.30168139934539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.2512546181678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.21411746740341187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.14614054560661316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11944714188575745}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.8108549118041992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7891001105308533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119323957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048226","display_name":"Cascading failure","level":4,"score":0.6072233319282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.560730516910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5214200019836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.517616868019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4727928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164759","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","level":3,"score":0.449954092502594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776990098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13579947","display_name":"Misinformation","level":2,"score":0.44795501232147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.4403872489929199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.30168139934539795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.2512546181678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.21411746740341187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.14614054560661316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11944714188575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2738565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2738565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2005.08705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.08705","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.08705","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d33365b4b2974028b0e857487fd82eb9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d33365b4b2974028b0e857487fd82eb9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 5, Pp 16774-16783 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2738565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2738565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4340993809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1441231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321301","display_name":"Soonchunhyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qjsrb10"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530430827","https://openalex.org/W1973928179","https://openalex.org/W1976564950","https://openalex.org/W1996160379","https://openalex.org/W2022059719","https://openalex.org/W2023709704","https://openalex.org/W2024814977","https://openalex.org/W2035165116","https://openalex.org/W2037842710","https://openalex.org/W2056739638","https://openalex.org/W2057091896","https://openalex.org/W2061820396","https://openalex.org/W2079663757","https://openalex.org/W2097250616","https://openalex.org/W2102746067","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2108278206","https://openalex.org/W2137675675","https://openalex.org/W2151538077","https://openalex.org/W2155461593","https://openalex.org/W2160411082","https://openalex.org/W2280496331","https://openalex.org/W2290561533","https://openalex.org/W2315537491","https://openalex.org/W2480871246","https://openalex.org/W2550768433","https://openalex.org/W2963122331","https://openalex.org/W4300076045","https://openalex.org/W6680269954","https://openalex.org/W6683180375","https://openalex.org/W6696337735"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197131596","https://openalex.org/W1589973774","https://openalex.org/W2353074559","https://openalex.org/W2171108821","https://openalex.org/W2023642087","https://openalex.org/W2074513827","https://openalex.org/W2402141875","https://openalex.org/W3125701662","https://openalex.org/W1498762745","https://openalex.org/W148990555"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"networks":[1,155],"(SNs)":[2],"have":[3,147],"been":[4],"gradually":[5],"applied":[6],"by":[7,223],"utility":[8],"companies":[9],"as":[10,145,205,231,233],"an":[11],"addition":[12],"to":[13,19,37,48,61,64,98,148,209],"smart":[14,38,45,78,91,129,179],"grid":[15,46,79,92,116,130,180],"and":[16,26,57,80,175],"are":[17],"proved":[18],"be":[20,93,132],"helpful":[21],"in":[22,34,41,53,58,74,101,114,123,170,178,193],"smoothing":[23],"load":[24,203],"curves":[25],"reducing":[27],"energy":[28],"usage.":[29],"However,":[30],"SNs":[31,42],"also":[32],"bring":[33],"new":[35],"threats":[36],"grid:":[39],"misinformation":[40,96,111,136],"may":[43],"cause":[44],"users":[47],"alter":[49],"their":[50],"demand,":[51],"resulting":[52],"transmission":[54],"line":[55],"overloading":[56],"turn":[59],"leading":[60],"catastrophic":[62],"impact":[63,212],"the":[65,72,75,90,106,110,119,124,128,150,153,195,211,226,234],"grid.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"paper,":[69],"we":[70,108,146,158,189,200],"discuss":[71],"interdependence":[73],"SN":[76],"coupled":[77],"focus":[81],"on":[82,187,225],"its":[83],"vulnerability.":[84],"That":[85],"is,":[86],"how":[87],"much":[88],"can":[89,131,163],"damaged":[94,134],"when":[95,135,182],"related":[97],"it":[99],"diffuses":[100],"SNs?":[102],"To":[103],"analytically":[104],"study":[105],"problem,":[107],"propose":[109,159,190],"attack":[112],"problem":[113,142],"social-smart":[115],"that":[117,127,162],"identifies":[118],"top":[120],"critical":[121,197],"nodes":[122],"SN,":[125,171],"such":[126],"greatly":[133],"propagates":[137],"from":[138],"those":[139],"nodes.":[140,198],"This":[141],"is":[143,221],"challenging":[144],"incorporate":[149],"complexity":[151],"of":[152,213,218],"two":[154],"concurrently.":[156],"Nevertheless,":[157],"a":[160,206],"technique":[161],"explicitly":[164],"take":[165],"into":[166],"account":[167],"information":[168],"diffusion":[169],"power":[172],"flow":[173],"balance,":[174],"cascading":[176,214],"failure":[177],"integratedly":[181],"evaluating":[183],"node":[184],"criticality,":[185],"based":[186],"which":[188],"various":[191],"strategies":[192],"selecting":[194],"most":[196],"Also,":[199],"introduce":[201],"controlled":[202],"shedding":[204],"protection":[207],"strategy":[208],"reduce":[210],"failure.":[215],"The":[216],"effectiveness":[217],"our":[219],"algorithms":[220],"demonstrated":[222],"experiments":[224],"IEEE":[227],"bus":[228],"test":[229],"cases":[230],"well":[232],"Pegase":[235],"data":[236],"set.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}