{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2611826770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2700994","title":"Phase-Coded Stepped Frequency Linear Frequency Modulated Waveform Synthesis Technique for Low Altitude Ultra-Wideband Synthetic Aperture Radar","display_name":"Phase-Coded Stepped Frequency Linear Frequency Modulated Waveform Synthesis Technique for Low Altitude Ultra-Wideband Synthetic Aperture Radar","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2611826770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2700994","mag":"2611826770"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2700994","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2700994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2700994","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034651940","display_name":"Ming Yam Chua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8165-5791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159385669","display_name":"Chiba University","ror":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}],"countries":["JP","MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming Yam Chua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan","Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005858582","display_name":"Voon Chet Koo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-1069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Voon Chet Koo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062260573","display_name":"Heng Siong Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8346-6345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Siong Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033204047","display_name":"Josaphat Tetuko Sri Sumantyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4036-6854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159385669","display_name":"Chiba University","ror":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josaphat Tetuko Sri Sumantyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034651940"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159385669","https://openalex.org/I173029219"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.5326,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95989692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"11391","last_page":"11403"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.7789770364761353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.7442439794540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7227590680122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.567436933517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5648499131202698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5430672764778137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-compression","display_name":"Pulse compression","score":0.5336720943450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.49603351950645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.4954625368118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.48801127076148987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4630909264087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.45057493448257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-wideband","display_name":"Ultra-wideband","score":0.4366307258605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.43040382862091064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-doppler-radar","display_name":"Pulse-Doppler radar","score":0.4240944981575012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2455214560031891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.18433937430381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.17877325415611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17643412947654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12737154960632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10531795024871826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.7789770364761353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.7442439794540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7227590680122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.567436933517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5648499131202698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5430672764778137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145995521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639897","display_name":"Pulse compression","level":3,"score":0.5336720943450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.49603351950645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.4954625368118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.48801127076148987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4630909264087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.45057493448257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21916231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851424","display_name":"Ultra-wideband","level":2,"score":0.4366307258605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.43040382862091064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139931591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1029151","display_name":"Pulse-Doppler radar","level":4,"score":0.4240944981575012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2455214560031891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.18433937430381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.17877325415611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17643412947654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12737154960632324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10531795024871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2700994","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2700994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:shdl.mmu.edu.my:6971","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://shdl.mmu.edu.my/6971/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196753","display_name":"Siti Hasmah Digital Library-MMU Institutiona Repository (Multimedia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","host_organization_name":"Multimedia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e9e1e60f63074ef49104d8f2a4b46bd4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e9e1e60f63074ef49104d8f2a4b46bd4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 5, Pp 11391-11403 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2700994","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2700994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8688738624","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"203.PJJAUH.6711279","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321709","display_name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/05mcs2t73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322716","display_name":"Japan International Cooperation Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/022es3t03"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61843657","https://openalex.org/W1532691246","https://openalex.org/W1632305101","https://openalex.org/W1965875465","https://openalex.org/W1969490509","https://openalex.org/W1979564296","https://openalex.org/W1994266136","https://openalex.org/W2056619860","https://openalex.org/W2098945539","https://openalex.org/W2123069607","https://openalex.org/W2134449776","https://openalex.org/W2167118723","https://openalex.org/W2321585011","https://openalex.org/W4244753254","https://openalex.org/W6602548249","https://openalex.org/W6678433845"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115228192","https://openalex.org/W1549680088","https://openalex.org/W2112684063","https://openalex.org/W2353280272","https://openalex.org/W2365078441","https://openalex.org/W3170397967","https://openalex.org/W3127329758","https://openalex.org/W1964390951","https://openalex.org/W1950062075","https://openalex.org/W1548830068"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"discusses":[2],"a":[3,24,30,44,98],"new":[4],"waveform":[5],"synthesis":[6],"technique":[7,22,77,105,128],"particularly":[8],"suitable":[9],"for":[10,56],"low":[11],"altitude":[12],"ultra-wideband":[13],"(UWB)":[14],"synthetic":[15],"aperture":[16],"radar":[17],"(SAR)":[18],"systems.":[19],"The":[20,122],"proposed":[21,64,76,85,104,127],"synthesizes":[23],"phase-coded":[25,34],"UWB":[26,80],"chirp":[27,36,81],"by":[28],"transmitting":[29],"burst":[31],"of":[32,62,97,111,118,125,137,150],"coherent":[33],"sub-band":[35,92],"pulses":[37],"and":[38,60,101],"combining":[39],"the":[40,57,63,67,75,84,90,103,108,112,126,134,143,147,151],"collected":[41,91],"echoes":[42,93],"using":[43],"special":[45],"digital":[46],"signal":[47],"processing":[48],"(DSP)":[49],"algorithm.":[50],"A":[51],"lab":[52],"prototype":[53],"is":[54,70,129],"built":[55],"feasibility":[58],"study":[59],"validation":[61],"technique.":[65],"From":[66],"results,":[68],"it":[69,131],"clearly":[71],"shown":[72],"that":[73,130],"1)":[74],"can":[78,88,106,132],"synthesize":[79],"pulses;":[82],"2)":[83],"DSP":[86],"algorithm":[87],"combine":[89],"into":[94],"an":[95,138],"echo":[96],"wider":[99],"bandwidth;":[100],"3)":[102],"improve":[107,133],"range":[109,135],"resolution":[110,136],"SAR":[113,140],"system":[114,120,141],"without":[115,142],"altering":[116],"much":[117],"its":[119],"design.":[121],"main":[123],"advantage":[124],"existing":[139],"need":[144],"to":[145],"increase":[146],"baseband":[148],"bandwidth":[149],"system.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
