{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2605943641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2695525","title":"Robustness, Security and Privacy in Location-Based Services for Future IoT: A Survey","display_name":"Robustness, Security and Privacy in Location-Based Services for Future IoT: A Survey","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2605943641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2695525","mag":"2605943641"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2695525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2695525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2695525","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-5183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-5183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024229898","display_name":"Sarang Thombre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5425-5939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarang Thombre","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047924673","display_name":"Kimmo J\u00e4rvinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8012-2881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimmo Jarvinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063382658","display_name":"Elena Simona Lohan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1718-6924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena Simona Lohan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026867303","display_name":"Anette Al\u00e9n\u2010Savikko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9578-077X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anette Alen-Savikko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076789517","display_name":"Helena Lepp\u00e4koski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2333-3065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helena Leppakoski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2333-3065","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042861027","display_name":"M. Zahidul H. Bhuiyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3801-1018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Zahidul H. Bhuiyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071491486","display_name":"Shakila Bu\u2010Pasha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3240-9498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shakila Bu-Pasha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111987323","display_name":"Giorgia Ferrara","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giorgia Nunzia Ferrara","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007326774","display_name":"Salomon Honkala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salomon Honkala","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056990562","display_name":"Jenna Lindqvist","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4521-3475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenna Lindqvist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021445018","display_name":"Laura Ruotsalainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4057-4143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Ruotsalainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027851649","display_name":"P\u00e4ivi Korpisaari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-5689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paivi Korpisaari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062251141","display_name":"Heidi Kuusniemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-9531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heidi Kuusniemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Land Survey, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Kirkkonummi, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":19.1433,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":315,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99559919,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"8956","last_page":"8977"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7956221103668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7003529071807861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6462973356246948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5616663694381714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-based-service","display_name":"Location-based service","score":0.5266337990760803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.5100782513618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.49045464396476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.4818885922431946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.42942142486572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.3725201487541199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1659601628780365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7956221103668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7003529071807861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6462973356246948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5616663694381714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155292070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1198122","display_name":"Location-based service","level":2,"score":0.5266337990760803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.5100782513618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.49045464396476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.4818885922431946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.42942142486572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.3725201487541199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1659601628780365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2695525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2695525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/217514","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/217514","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/217514","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213322","display_name":"Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja","issn_l":"0784-1272","issn":["0784-1272","1459-7780"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3604161570584cafba63d672781e51f6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3604161570584cafba63d672781e51f6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 5, Pp 8956-8977 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/213961","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/213961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055260","display_name":"Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2695525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2695525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6754032482","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"no. 303576","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":183,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150223756","https://openalex.org/W154973214","https://openalex.org/W188881000","https://openalex.org/W209607733","https://openalex.org/W229404245","https://openalex.org/W268239100","https://openalex.org/W365850277","https://openalex.org/W981908777","https://openalex.org/W1501012159","https://openalex.org/W1509877678","https://openalex.org/W1519539754","https://openalex.org/W1543653153","https://openalex.org/W1552910270","https://openalex.org/W1561363170","https://openalex.org/W1607874478","https://openalex.org/W1608826770","https://openalex.org/W1613874182","https://openalex.org/W1692612036","https://openalex.org/W1727616536","https://openalex.org/W1807538575","https://openalex.org/W1871495990","https://openalex.org/W1893431417","https://openalex.org/W1894646615","https://openalex.org/W1929168187","https://openalex.org/W1938360957","https://openalex.org/W1952790886","https://openalex.org/W1967561194","https://openalex.org/W1968350281","https://openalex.org/W1971570683","https://openalex.org/W1980340712","https://openalex.org/W1980722651","https://openalex.org/W1981126808","https://openalex.org/W1983295712","https://openalex.org/W1987476244","https://openalex.org/W1988091041","https://openalex.org/W1992025196","https://openalex.org/W1993483144","https://openalex.org/W1994150863","https://openalex.org/W1997441522","https://openalex.org/W2003621040","https://openalex.org/W2003736153","https://openalex.org/W2005338860","https://openalex.org/W2016249465","https://openalex.org/W2021230337","https://openalex.org/W2021447283","https://openalex.org/W2026055622","https://openalex.org/W2026493302","https://openalex.org/W2028769439","https://openalex.org/W2031381049","https://openalex.org/W2031533839","https://openalex.org/W2033618871","https://openalex.org/W2036378739","https://openalex.org/W2038166203","https://openalex.org/W2038194220","https://openalex.org/W2038678236","https://openalex.org/W2040433715","https://openalex.org/W2042458836","https://openalex.org/W2042775697","https://openalex.org/W2048092462","https://openalex.org/W2053762246","https://openalex.org/W2068849277","https://openalex.org/W2071759220","https://openalex.org/W2076397729","https://openalex.org/W2080107806","https://openalex.org/W2080616066","https://openalex.org/W2080661738","https://openalex.org/W2084484115","https://openalex.org/W2089706758","https://openalex.org/W2101820660","https://openalex.org/W2103503676","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2108217958","https://openalex.org/W2109157344","https://openalex.org/W2111619626","https://openalex.org/W2111725598","https://openalex.org/W2131236830","https://openalex.org/W2132023300","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2134342604","https://openalex.org/W2139958505","https://openalex.org/W2143032227","https://openalex.org/W2154909745","https://openalex.org/W2155481610","https://openalex.org/W2155801905","https://openalex.org/W2156186849","https://openalex.org/W2156453571","https://openalex.org/W2159796097","https://openalex.org/W2162413906","https://openalex.org/W2163354454","https://openalex.org/W2163403319","https://openalex.org/W2163719823","https://openalex.org/W2164947865","https://openalex.org/W2167930752","https://openalex.org/W2168109589","https://openalex.org/W2168613353","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W2177209050","https://openalex.org/W2183097636","https://openalex.org/W2185641429","https://openalex.org/W2188559950","https://openalex.org/W2204540794","https://openalex.org/W2214868577","https://openalex.org/W2231976888","https://openalex.org/W2269131354","https://openalex.org/W2280213347","https://openalex.org/W2280812320","https://openalex.org/W2289864185","https://openalex.org/W2290489412","https://openalex.org/W2294790171","https://openalex.org/W2300412972","https://openalex.org/W2313528934","https://openalex.org/W2314205813","https://openalex.org/W2318477679","https://openalex.org/W2318796446","https://openalex.org/W2327528364","https://openalex.org/W2341433667","https://openalex.org/W2343071635","https://openalex.org/W2346154054","https://openalex.org/W2378486826","https://openalex.org/W2394957549","https://openalex.org/W2402794349","https://openalex.org/W2410223518","https://openalex.org/W2424065099","https://openalex.org/W2470447572","https://openalex.org/W2474141698","https://openalex.org/W2490820845","https://openalex.org/W2494725307","https://openalex.org/W2514237864","https://openalex.org/W2520214239","https://openalex.org/W2522792133","https://openalex.org/W2524555128","https://openalex.org/W2536129580","https://openalex.org/W2550790750","https://openalex.org/W2557607105","https://openalex.org/W2559911159","https://openalex.org/W2562522049","https://openalex.org/W2574720507","https://openalex.org/W2588178846","https://openalex.org/W2596984071","https://openalex.org/W2599142879","https://openalex.org/W2601698182","https://openalex.org/W2604099578","https://openalex.org/W2607050843","https://openalex.org/W2615409614","https://openalex.org/W2734830486","https://openalex.org/W2760870444","https://openalex.org/W2803779657","https://openalex.org/W2962691290","https://openalex.org/W2963061006","https://openalex.org/W3030010127","https://openalex.org/W3030624396","https://openalex.org/W3130994670","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300411971","https://openalex.org/W6606067566","https://openalex.org/W6606482058","https://openalex.org/W6609062836","https://openalex.org/W6625466121","https://openalex.org/W6631075134","https://openalex.org/W6636388380","https://openalex.org/W6639565960","https://openalex.org/W6640465341","https://openalex.org/W6640949168","https://openalex.org/W6641026274","https://openalex.org/W6658575637","https://openalex.org/W6669469872","https://openalex.org/W6679282865","https://openalex.org/W6682554491","https://openalex.org/W6684000779","https://openalex.org/W6684817727","https://openalex.org/W6688118744","https://openalex.org/W6695175243","https://openalex.org/W6696973808","https://openalex.org/W6712353128","https://openalex.org/W6713309242","https://openalex.org/W6729368540","https://openalex.org/W6730185109","https://openalex.org/W6735115376","https://openalex.org/W6735500518","https://openalex.org/W6740790199","https://openalex.org/W6744474682","https://openalex.org/W6778727884","https://openalex.org/W6778747887"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386936491","https://openalex.org/W3007931018","https://openalex.org/W3110195467","https://openalex.org/W3033823235","https://openalex.org/W4391128647","https://openalex.org/W2881093137","https://openalex.org/W4386787199","https://openalex.org/W4384916587","https://openalex.org/W2163330330","https://openalex.org/W1982137911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internet":[0,9],"of":[1,13,20,25,47,80,92,118,130,135,154,170],"Things":[2],"(IoT)":[3],"connects":[4],"sensing":[5],"devices":[6],"to":[7,28,56,98,141,174],"the":[8,11,21,75,93,128],"for":[10,73,114,179],"purpose":[12],"exchanging":[14],"information.":[15],"Location":[16],"information":[17,26],"is":[18],"one":[19],"most":[22],"crucial":[23],"pieces":[24],"required":[27],"achieve":[29],"intelligent":[30],"and":[31,37,52,78,95,105,116,120,138,156,162,167,172,177,187],"context-aware":[32],"IoT":[33,48,59,84,181],"systems.":[34,49,85],"Recently,":[35],"positioning":[36,57,119,136,161],"localization":[38,163],"functions":[39],"have":[40,60],"been":[41,62],"realized":[42],"in":[43,58,83,123,145,159],"a":[44,151],"large":[45],"amount":[46],"However,":[50],"security":[51,115,134,155],"privacy":[53,79,117,144,157],"threats":[54,94],"related":[55,97],"not":[61],"sufficiently":[63],"addressed":[64],"so":[65],"far.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"paper,":[69],"we":[70,87,109,126],"survey":[71,148],"solutions":[72,96,113,137],"improving":[74],"robustness,":[76],"security,":[77],"location-based":[81,121,189],"services":[82,122],"First,":[86],"provide":[88],"an":[89],"in-depth":[90],"evaluation":[91],"both":[99,165],"global":[100],"navigation":[101],"satellite":[102],"system":[103],"(GNSS)":[104],"non-GNSS-based":[106],"solutions.":[107],"Second,":[108],"describe":[110],"certain":[111],"cryptographic":[112],"IoT.":[124],"Finally,":[125],"discuss":[127],"state-of-the-art":[129],"policy":[131],"regulations":[132],"regarding":[133],"legal":[139,168],"instruments":[140],"location":[142],"data":[143],"detail.":[146],"This":[147],"paper":[149],"addresses":[150],"broad":[152],"range":[153],"aspects":[158],"IoT-based":[160],"from":[164],"technical":[166],"points":[169],"view":[171],"aims":[173],"give":[175],"insight":[176],"recommendations":[178],"future":[180],"systems":[182],"providing":[183],"more":[184],"robust,":[185],"secure,":[186],"privacy-preserving":[188],"services.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
