{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2589642562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2671918","title":"Automatic Microaneurysm Detection Using the Sparse Principal Component Analysis-Based Unsupervised Classification Method","display_name":"Automatic Microaneurysm Detection Using the Sparse Principal Component Analysis-Based Unsupervised Classification Method","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2589642562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2671918","mag":"2589642562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2671918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2671918","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2671918","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100638965","display_name":"Wei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5931-3197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Robot Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5931-3197","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Robot Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101399354","display_name":"Chengdong Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengdong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Robot Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Robot Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014297402","display_name":"Dali Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0787-825X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dali Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101908190","display_name":"Yugen Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1049-5022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53592917","display_name":"Jiangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkgk822","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53592917"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yugen Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53592917"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026818073","display_name":"Wenyou Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8457-8103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9224756","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/03awzbc87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyou Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9224756"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":8.3021,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":101,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98200556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"2563","last_page":"2572"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7539314031600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.708752453327179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.7045623064041138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6436318755149841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.5594547986984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","score":0.4786021411418915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.43360644578933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3344898819923401}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7539314031600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.708752453327179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.7045623064041138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6436318755149841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.5594547986984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.4786021411418915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.43360644578933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3344898819923401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2671918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2671918","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8bf4e5264cd2496fa41f7b25ca340100","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8bf4e5264cd2496fa41f7b25ca340100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 5, Pp 2563-2572 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2671918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2671918","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1301459574","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61602221","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2007767059","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61471110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2220678868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N140403005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3571974579","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61273078","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970149764","https://openalex.org/W1976861102","https://openalex.org/W1982761740","https://openalex.org/W1986086122","https://openalex.org/W1989786678","https://openalex.org/W1996151979","https://openalex.org/W2009109405","https://openalex.org/W2013444477","https://openalex.org/W2042080109","https://openalex.org/W2060749088","https://openalex.org/W2063978378","https://openalex.org/W2064733273","https://openalex.org/W2065345557","https://openalex.org/W2067957749","https://openalex.org/W2074058676","https://openalex.org/W2083158334","https://openalex.org/W2084318809","https://openalex.org/W2089615939","https://openalex.org/W2092300159","https://openalex.org/W2100756624","https://openalex.org/W2107871626","https://openalex.org/W2113600901","https://openalex.org/W2149430368","https://openalex.org/W2168112110","https://openalex.org/W2169347809","https://openalex.org/W2417521682","https://openalex.org/W2540631188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2902146726","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W3123189449","https://openalex.org/W2380927352","https://openalex.org/W3178621026","https://openalex.org/W2137598809","https://openalex.org/W2085553065","https://openalex.org/W4211209597","https://openalex.org/W3048981730","https://openalex.org/W2147478239"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0,81],"microaneurysms":[1],"(MAs)":[2],"can":[3,96,102,135],"be":[4,97,103,136],"seen":[5],"as":[6],"the":[7,20,92,107,114,119,132,149,156],"earliest":[8],"lesions":[9],"in":[10,19],"diabetic":[11,21],"retinopathy,":[12],"its":[13],"detection":[14],"plays":[15],"a":[16,44,66,88,122],"critical":[17],"role":[18],"retinopathy":[22,150],"diagnosis.":[23],"In":[24,61],"recent":[25],"years,":[26],"many":[27],"machine-learning":[28,54],"methods":[29,55],"have":[30,85],"been":[31],"developed":[32],"for":[33,48,58,78,138],"MA":[34,37,79],"detection.":[35,80],"Generally,":[36],"candidates":[38,50,144],"are":[39,51,56],"first":[40],"identified":[41],"and":[42,131],"then":[43],"set":[45],"of":[46,109,158],"features":[47,101],"these":[49],"extracted.":[52],"Finally,":[53],"applied":[57],"candidate":[59],"classification.":[60],"this":[62],"paper,":[63],"we":[64],"present":[65],"novel":[67],"unsupervised":[68],"classification":[69],"method":[70],"based":[71],"on":[72,148],"sparse":[73,110],"posterior":[74],"cerebral":[75],"artery":[76],"(PCA)":[77],"it":[82],"does":[83],"not":[84],"to":[86,106],"consider":[87],"non-MA":[89],"training":[90],"set,":[91],"class":[93],"imbalance":[94],"problem":[95],"avoided.":[98],"Furthermore,":[99],"effective":[100],"selected":[104],"due":[105],"characteristic":[108],"PCA,":[111],"which":[112],"combines":[113],"elastic":[115],"net":[116],"penalty":[117],"with":[118],"PCA.":[120],"Meanwhile,":[121],"single":[123],"T":[124],"<sup":[125],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[126],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[127],"statistic":[128],"is":[129],"introduced,":[130],"control":[133],"limit":[134],"determined":[137],"distinguishing":[139],"true":[140],"MAs":[141],"from":[142],"spurious":[143],"automatically.":[145],"Experiment":[146],"results":[147],"online":[151],"challenge":[152],"competition":[153],"database":[154],"show":[155],"effectiveness":[157],"our":[159],"proposed":[160],"method.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
