{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2588972474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2670027","title":"Coverage and Rate Analysis for Downlink HetNets Using Modified Reverse Frequency Allocation Scheme","display_name":"Coverage and Rate Analysis for Downlink HetNets Using Modified Reverse Frequency Allocation Scheme","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2588972474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2670027","mag":"2588972474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2670027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2670027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2670027","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085604133","display_name":"Aneeqa Ijaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4359-4366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aneeqa Ijaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078865165","display_name":"Syed Ali Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8572-7377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ali Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011903629","display_name":"Syed Ali Raza Zaidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1969-3727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ali Raza Zaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062076081","display_name":"Dushantha Nalin K. Jayakody","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7004-2930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196355604","display_name":"National Research Tomsk State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02he2nc27","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196355604"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30849647","display_name":"Tomsk Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a45v709","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30849647"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dushantha Nalin K. Jayakody","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Software Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Software Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196355604","https://openalex.org/I30849647"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101459150","display_name":"Syed Mohammad Hassan Zaidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5693-0763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Mohammad Hassan Zaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1439,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1551},"fwci":2.9238,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91393291,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"2489","last_page":"2502"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7376141548156738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coverage-probability","display_name":"Coverage probability","score":0.6549281477928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.5987762212753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.5934891700744629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-allocation","display_name":"Frequency allocation","score":0.5912051796913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5888431668281555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5293657779693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.4892570972442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4872223436832428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.46891745924949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.4570063352584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.41640469431877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-point-process","display_name":"Poisson point process","score":0.41255441308021545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-distribution","display_name":"Poisson distribution","score":0.3764037489891052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.25218313932418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.20723319053649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.18041270971298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15111243724822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14579874277114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11202740669250488}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7376141548156738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.6549281477928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.5987762212753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.5934891700744629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134579502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455619","display_name":"Frequency allocation","level":2,"score":0.5912051796913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5888431668281555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5293657779693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.4892570972442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4872223436832428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.46891745924949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.4570063352584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.41640469431877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16757284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145117","display_name":"Poisson point process","level":3,"score":0.41255441308021545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100906024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205692","display_name":"Poisson distribution","level":2,"score":0.3764037489891052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.25218313932418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.20723319053649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.18041270971298218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15111243724822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14579874277114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11202740669250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2670027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2670027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:124047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:12f6d2bf69d74a5aa0c3225702dee8cf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/12f6d2bf69d74a5aa0c3225702dee8cf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 5, Pp 2489-2502 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2017.2670027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2670027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6627494902","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P511341/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W371652261","https://openalex.org/W1966715958","https://openalex.org/W1972062186","https://openalex.org/W1994080576","https://openalex.org/W2005108639","https://openalex.org/W2005335976","https://openalex.org/W2006572541","https://openalex.org/W2007164647","https://openalex.org/W2051940917","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2062352981","https://openalex.org/W2086229459","https://openalex.org/W2101121986","https://openalex.org/W2109159967","https://openalex.org/W2118127532","https://openalex.org/W2122496159","https://openalex.org/W2124800530","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2152927032","https://openalex.org/W2154782861","https://openalex.org/W2156077514","https://openalex.org/W2164179872","https://openalex.org/W2319682561","https://openalex.org/W2321363254","https://openalex.org/W2402118217","https://openalex.org/W2510900438","https://openalex.org/W2594687399","https://openalex.org/W2739214979","https://openalex.org/W3103561649","https://openalex.org/W6734344538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1605198231","https://openalex.org/W2406192116","https://openalex.org/W1674302630","https://openalex.org/W1985655499","https://openalex.org/W1605884181","https://openalex.org/W1573068833","https://openalex.org/W2314232061","https://openalex.org/W1500167156","https://openalex.org/W2339070281","https://openalex.org/W2228745896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,124,191,217],"deployment":[1],"of":[2,10,51,172,187,193,209,226,252],"heterogeneous":[3],"networks":[4],"(HetNets)":[5],"inevitably":[6],"demands":[7],"the":[8,16,42,48,55,74,91,109,133,148,153,160,164,177,198,202,231,238,249],"design":[9],"interference":[11,25,149],"management":[12],"techniques":[13],"to":[14,73,104],"elevate":[15],"overall":[17],"network":[18,118,203],"performance.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"presents":[22],"a":[23,84],"novel":[24],"mitigation":[26],"technique":[27],"known":[28,99],"as":[29,61,63,140,228],"reverse":[30],"frequency":[31,234],"allocation":[32,39],"(RFA),":[33],"which":[34],"provides":[35],"an":[36],"efficient":[37],"resource":[38],"compared":[40,229],"with":[41,230],"other":[43],"state-of-the-art":[44],"techniques.":[45],"RFA":[46,93,120],"reverses":[47],"transmission":[49],"direction":[50],"interferers,":[52],"thereby":[53],"minimizing":[54],"cross-tier":[56],"interference.":[57],"Eventually,":[58],"better":[59],"coverage":[60,110,114,210,212],"well":[62,98],"increased":[64],"data":[65],"rates":[66],"are":[67,138,167,182],"achieved":[68],"by":[69,245,247],"providing":[70],"complementary":[71],"spectrum":[72],"macro":[75],"and":[76,112,121,136,146,201,214],"pico":[77],"users.":[78],"In":[79],"this":[80],"paper,":[81],"we":[82,96],"present":[83],"tractable":[85],"approach":[86],"for":[87,108,169,184],"modeling":[88,125],"HetNets":[89],"under":[90],"proposed":[92,250],"scheme.":[94],"Specifically,":[95],"employ":[97],"tools":[100],"from":[101,163,179],"stochastic":[102],"geometry":[103],"derive":[105],"closed-form":[106],"expressions":[107],"probability":[111],"rate":[113],"in":[115,207],"two-tier":[116],"cellular":[117],"employing":[119,248],"its":[122],"variants.":[123],"is":[126,150,157,195,205],"performed":[127],"using":[128,152],"two":[129],"approaches;":[130],"first,":[131],"where":[132],"base":[134],"stations":[135],"users":[137],"modeled":[139],"independent":[141],"Poisson":[142],"point":[143],"processes":[144],"(PPPs)":[145],"second,":[147],"approximated":[151],"fluid":[154,180],"model.":[155],"It":[156],"shown":[158],"that":[159,220],"results":[161,178,218],"obtained":[162],"PPP":[165],"model":[166,181,194],"accurate":[168],"higher":[170],"values":[171,186],"path":[173,188],"loss":[174,189],"exponents,":[175],"while":[176],"useful":[183],"smaller":[185],"exponents.":[190],"plausibility":[192],"validated":[196],"through":[197],"Monte-Carlo":[199],"simulations":[200],"performance":[204,239],"evaluated":[206],"terms":[208],"probability,":[211],"rate,":[213],"outage":[215,223],"capacity.":[216],"demonstrate":[219],"2-RFA":[221],"yields":[222],"capacity":[224],"gains":[225,240],"13%":[227],"soft":[232],"fractional":[233],"reuse":[235],"scheme,":[236],"whereas,":[237],"can":[241],"be":[242],"further":[243],"improved":[244],"14%":[246],"variants":[251],"RFA.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}