{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2491382403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2597058","title":"A Comprehensive Review of Solutions and Strategies for Cold Start of Automotive Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells","display_name":"A Comprehensive Review of Solutions and Strategies for Cold Start of Automotive Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2491382403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2597058","mag":"2491382403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2016.2597058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2597058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2597058","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007457767","display_name":"Ali Amamou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-342X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Akrem Amamou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe de Recherche en \u00c9lectronique Industrielle, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-342X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe de Recherche en \u00c9lectronique Industrielle, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043426685","display_name":"Sousso K\u00e9louwani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1163-9147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sousso Kelouwani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Recherche sur l\u2019Hydrog\u00e8ne, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada","Institut de Recherche sur l'Hydrog\u00e8ne, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Recherche sur l\u2019Hydrog\u00e8ne, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Recherche sur l'Hydrog\u00e8ne, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016487585","display_name":"Lo\u00efc Boulon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Loic Boulon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe de Recherche en \u00c9lectronique Industrielle, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe de Recherche en \u00c9lectronique Industrielle, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008090389","display_name":"Kodjo Agbossou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1441-424X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kodjo Agbossou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Groupe de Recherche en \u00c9lectronique Industrielle, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Groupe de Recherche en \u00c9lectronique Industrielle, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.3484,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":139,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92697579,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"4989","last_page":"5002"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10030","display_name":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10311","display_name":"Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cell","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","score":0.9093407392501831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-start","display_name":"Cold start (automotive)","score":0.8897846937179565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercialization","display_name":"Commercialization","score":0.710970401763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.5332393646240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cells","display_name":"Fuel cells","score":0.49136343598365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4391344487667084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4239610433578491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4171050190925598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.4080553948879242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-engineering","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","score":0.3753616213798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3130784034729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.18005907535552979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-engineering","display_name":"Chemical engineering","score":0.11434110999107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09324240684509277}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132319479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899619","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","level":3,"score":0.9093407392501831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778956030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5142477","display_name":"Cold start (automotive)","level":2,"score":0.8897846937179565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780625559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152592","display_name":"Commercialization","level":2,"score":0.710970401763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.5332393646240234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987658370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180253","display_name":"Fuel cells","level":2,"score":0.49136343598365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4391344487667084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4239610433578491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4171050190925598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.4080553948879242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.3753616213798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3130784034729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.18005907535552979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.11434110999107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09324240684509277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2016.2597058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2597058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:depot-e.uqtr.ca:9023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400388","display_name":"Le d\u00e9p\u00f4t institutionnel (Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7fa1c03815384882b0f94438426b0f41","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7fa1c03815384882b0f94438426b0f41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 4, Pp 4989-5002 (2016)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2016.2597058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2597058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323735","display_name":"Minist\u00e8re des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune","ror":"https://ror.org/044f69t13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":127,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W636348488","https://openalex.org/W966478070","https://openalex.org/W990433932","https://openalex.org/W1012680127","https://openalex.org/W1483443306","https://openalex.org/W1492273250","https://openalex.org/W1494650148","https://openalex.org/W1498449144","https://openalex.org/W1501277461","https://openalex.org/W1506873402","https://openalex.org/W1507099959","https://openalex.org/W1530452455","https://openalex.org/W1543320258","https://openalex.org/W1545488842","https://openalex.org/W1570223836","https://openalex.org/W1571582888","https://openalex.org/W1583603905","https://openalex.org/W1585798417","https://openalex.org/W1586672066","https://openalex.org/W1593956392","https://openalex.org/W1594444655","https://openalex.org/W1601937695","https://openalex.org/W1603118507","https://openalex.org/W1627426665","https://openalex.org/W1801496823","https://openalex.org/W1851044167","https://openalex.org/W1865863273","https://openalex.org/W1875144384","https://openalex.org/W1913520756","https://openalex.org/W1920322257","https://openalex.org/W1946183377","https://openalex.org/W1973711283","https://openalex.org/W1973731491","https://openalex.org/W1975944815","https://openalex.org/W1980319506","https://openalex.org/W1982610576","https://openalex.org/W1987429767","https://openalex.org/W1988417800","https://openalex.org/W1990214556","https://openalex.org/W1991298578","https://openalex.org/W1995239084","https://openalex.org/W1996740857","https://openalex.org/W2001266247","https://openalex.org/W2002773133","https://openalex.org/W2004940935","https://openalex.org/W2005666601","https://openalex.org/W2010570025","https://openalex.org/W2010988772","https://openalex.org/W2011654872","https://openalex.org/W2014954055","https://openalex.org/W2016945550","https://openalex.org/W2020853958","https://openalex.org/W2021328134","https://openalex.org/W2022007532","https://openalex.org/W2022047485","https://openalex.org/W2022277224","https://openalex.org/W2024498580","https://openalex.org/W2024706357","https://openalex.org/W2026840320","https://openalex.org/W2029348819","https://openalex.org/W2036995996","https://openalex.org/W2043784392","https://openalex.org/W2045493810","https://openalex.org/W2049349565","https://openalex.org/W2052986411","https://openalex.org/W2059639089","https://openalex.org/W2062881953","https://openalex.org/W2065121346","https://openalex.org/W2067126321","https://openalex.org/W2068531196","https://openalex.org/W2069597184","https://openalex.org/W2072370499","https://openalex.org/W2086797639","https://openalex.org/W2087037966","https://openalex.org/W2087987489","https://openalex.org/W2089766092","https://openalex.org/W2092656564","https://openalex.org/W2093842695","https://openalex.org/W2095100441","https://openalex.org/W2095497824","https://openalex.org/W2095621897","https://openalex.org/W2102932673","https://openalex.org/W2106174483","https://openalex.org/W2116814448","https://openalex.org/W2119634252","https://openalex.org/W2122529944","https://openalex.org/W2124424959","https://openalex.org/W2127166638","https://openalex.org/W2136070619","https://openalex.org/W2136583426","https://openalex.org/W2138455118","https://openalex.org/W2143274993","https://openalex.org/W2147669794","https://openalex.org/W2149809753","https://openalex.org/W2164008457","https://openalex.org/W2171027333","https://openalex.org/W2173416976","https://openalex.org/W2198760364","https://openalex.org/W2200540450","https://openalex.org/W2205087750","https://openalex.org/W2207882182","https://openalex.org/W2240604194","https://openalex.org/W2241488473","https://openalex.org/W2242544239","https://openalex.org/W2243486248","https://openalex.org/W2245820892","https://openalex.org/W2249801675","https://openalex.org/W2260941818","https://openalex.org/W2269174109","https://openalex.org/W2269182861","https://openalex.org/W2272081275","https://openalex.org/W2287997830","https://openalex.org/W2301348862","https://openalex.org/W2313161260","https://openalex.org/W2316869104","https://openalex.org/W2318289591","https://openalex.org/W2331549085","https://openalex.org/W2405910764","https://openalex.org/W3104081166","https://openalex.org/W4240698484","https://openalex.org/W4241498321","https://openalex.org/W4299851874","https://openalex.org/W4307586498","https://openalex.org/W6636767462","https://openalex.org/W6680732757","https://openalex.org/W6844732089","https://openalex.org/W6846524454"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085474012","https://openalex.org/W2999937556","https://openalex.org/W4233683207","https://openalex.org/W2113598870","https://openalex.org/W4376506374","https://openalex.org/W4380481003","https://openalex.org/W2744116649","https://openalex.org/W3163182738","https://openalex.org/W2060932451","https://openalex.org/W2566120354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Proton":[0],"exchange":[1],"membrane":[2],"fuel":[3,94],"cell":[4,20,95],"(PEMFC)":[5],"can":[6,26],"be":[7],"a":[8,71,146],"significant":[9],"eco-friendly":[10],"alternative":[11],"power":[12],"source":[13],"for":[14,93,116],"vehicles.":[15,67],"However,":[16],"under":[17],"subfreezing":[18],"conditions,":[19],"degradation":[21],"and":[22,32,60,91,99,106,114,134,138,161],"irreversible":[23],"performance":[24],"decay":[25],"occur":[27],"because":[28],"of":[29,43,77,149,158],"ice":[30],"formation":[31],"repetitive":[33],"thaw/freeze":[34],"cycles.":[35],"These":[36],"problems":[37,64,87],"have":[38,52],"limited":[39],"the":[40,57,78,83,112],"further":[41],"commercialization":[42],"PEMFC":[44,66,84,117],"in":[45,65],"cold":[46,62,85,118,150],"weather":[47],"countries.":[48],"Thus,":[49],"many":[50],"improvements":[51],"been":[53],"made":[54],"to":[55,75,108],"repair":[56],"freeze":[58],"protection":[59],"rapid":[61],"startup":[63,151],"In":[68],"this":[69],"paper,":[70],"comprehensive":[72],"review":[73,148],"dedicated":[74],"engineers":[76],"recent":[79],"research":[80],"progress":[81],"on":[82,130,154],"start":[86],"is":[88],"presented.":[89],"Systems":[90],"methods":[92],"shutdown":[96],"are":[97,123],"summarized":[98],"classified":[100,124],"into":[101,125],"two":[102,126],"categories:":[103],"purge":[104],"solution":[105],"material":[107],"avoid":[109],"freezing.":[110],"Regarding":[111],"system":[113],"solutions":[115,122],"startup,":[119],"different":[120],"heating":[121,132,140],"main":[127],"groups":[128],"depending":[129],"their":[131],"sources":[133],"categorized":[135],"as":[136],"internal":[137],"external":[139],"methods.":[141],"This":[142],"paper":[143],"concludes":[144],"with":[145],"detailed":[147],"strategies":[152],"based":[153],"an":[155],"exhaustive":[156],"survey":[157],"journal":[159],"papers":[160],"patents.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-21T07:57:09.225873","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}