{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2335273586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2550758","title":"Performance Analysis and Optimal Cooperative Cluster Size for Randomly Distributed Small Cells Under Cloud RAN","display_name":"Performance Analysis and Optimal Cooperative Cluster Size for Randomly Distributed Small Cells Under Cloud RAN","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2335273586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2550758","mag":"2335273586"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2016.2550758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2550758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2550758","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075816408","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4767-3849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey, Surrey, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4767-3849","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey, Surrey, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112180290","display_name":"Atta Ul Quddus","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atta Ul Quddus","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey, Surrey, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey, Surrey, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028489584","display_name":"Efstathios Katranaras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2374-784X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340143798","display_name":"Sequans Communications (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjam130","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340143798","https://openalex.org/I4210086577"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Efstathios Katranaras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sequans Communications, Reading, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sequans Communications, Reading, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340143798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038472130","display_name":"Dirk W\u00fcbben","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3854-6140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Wubben","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109346700","display_name":"Yinan Qi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinan Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics Research and Development Institute, St. Staines, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics Research and Development Institute, St. Staines, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549075","display_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey, Surrey, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey, Surrey, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075816408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.6738,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85252305,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"1925","last_page":"1939"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7525612115859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5998921990394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5990554690361023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.5827785730361938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5182821154594421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4991190433502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4954410791397095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.47381865978240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-performance","display_name":"Network performance","score":0.45254820585250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-geometry","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","score":0.44373953342437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.42576074600219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.39280688762664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3636740446090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3019782304763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.219213604927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.18601924180984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1245526373386383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1209699809551239}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7525612115859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5998921990394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5990554690361023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.5827785730361938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5182821154594421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4991190433502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4954410791397095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.47381865978240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.45254820585250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.44373953342437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.42576074600219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.39280688762664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3636740446090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3019782304763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.219213604927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.18601924180984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1245526373386383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1209699809551239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2016.2550758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2550758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11140168030002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:35f183fdf93f4286a75c579153e1fe56","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/35f183fdf93f4286a75c579153e1fe56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 4, Pp 1925-1939 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epubs.surrey.ac.uk:810351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/810351/1/CRAN_optimal_cluster_IEEE_ACCESS.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400680","display_name":"Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","host_organization_name":"University of Surrey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2016.2550758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2016.2550758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321979","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568942680","https://openalex.org/W1490674876","https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W1733806262","https://openalex.org/W1951602908","https://openalex.org/W1971443733","https://openalex.org/W2008716187","https://openalex.org/W2018552671","https://openalex.org/W2031090362","https://openalex.org/W2058354033","https://openalex.org/W2085113513","https://openalex.org/W2091929866","https://openalex.org/W2101653184","https://openalex.org/W2103699908","https://openalex.org/W2105147296","https://openalex.org/W2106094087","https://openalex.org/W2106544562","https://openalex.org/W2107244732","https://openalex.org/W2123005650","https://openalex.org/W2124225813","https://openalex.org/W2133685514","https://openalex.org/W2139904992","https://openalex.org/W2143127988","https://openalex.org/W2143694437","https://openalex.org/W2149547360","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2151799218","https://openalex.org/W2154550640","https://openalex.org/W2162636480","https://openalex.org/W2166021179","https://openalex.org/W2168962181","https://openalex.org/W2493309683","https://openalex.org/W2538707556","https://openalex.org/W3101358233","https://openalex.org/W4293263215"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2906618418","https://openalex.org/W1985655499","https://openalex.org/W4386850052","https://openalex.org/W1964137838","https://openalex.org/W2020749775","https://openalex.org/W2303288554","https://openalex.org/W1871594675","https://openalex.org/W2786893525","https://openalex.org/W2883651331","https://openalex.org/W2952796263"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"major":[1],"advantage":[2],"of":[3,11,13,27,85,103,109,166,190],"cloud/centralized":[4],"radio":[5],"access":[6],"network":[7,81,105,141],"is":[8,60,170],"the":[9,19,55,71,75,80,101,104,115,154,167,178,188],"ease":[10],"implementation":[12],"multi-cell":[14],"coordination":[15],"mechanisms":[16],"to":[17,31,43,62,69,185],"improve":[18],"system":[20],"spectrum":[21],"efficiency":[22],"(SE).":[23],"Theoretically,":[24],"large":[25],"number":[26],"cooperative":[28,86],"cells":[29,88],"lead":[30],"a":[32,91,107],"higher":[33],"SE;":[34],"however,":[35],"it":[36,113],"may":[37],"also":[38],"cause":[39],"significant":[40],"delay":[41,72,98],"due":[42],"extra":[44],"channel":[45],"state":[46],"information":[47],"feedback":[48],"and":[49,89,100,139,147,172],"joint":[50],"processing":[51,158],"computational":[52],"needs":[53],"at":[54],"cloud":[56],"data":[57],"center,":[58],"which":[59],"likely":[61],"result":[63],"in":[64,164],"performance":[65,189],"degradation.":[66],"In":[67],"order":[68],"investigate":[70],"impact":[73],"on":[74,153],"throughput":[76,92],"gains,":[77],"we":[78,122],"divide":[79],"into":[82],"multiple":[83],"clusters":[84],"small":[87,193],"formulate":[90],"optimization":[93,117,162],"problem.":[94],"We":[95],"model":[96],"various":[97],"factors":[99],"sum-rate":[102,149,161],"as":[106,114,127,129,133],"function":[108],"cluster":[110,168],"size,":[111],"treating":[112],"main":[116],"variable.":[118],"For":[119],"our":[120],"analysis,":[121],"consider":[123],"both":[124,137],"base":[125],"stations'":[126],"well":[128],"users'":[130],"geometric":[131],"locations":[132],"random":[134],"variables":[135],"for":[136],"linear":[138],"planar":[140],"deployments.":[142],"The":[143,160],"output":[144],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[145],"ratio":[146],"ergodic":[148],"are":[150],"derived":[151],"based":[152],"homogenous":[155],"Poisson":[156],"point":[157],"model.":[159],"problem":[163],"terms":[165],"size":[169],"formulated":[171],"solved.":[173],"Simulation":[174],"results":[175],"show":[176],"that":[177],"proposed":[179],"analytical":[180],"framework":[181],"can":[182],"be":[183],"utilized":[184],"accurately":[186],"evaluate":[187],"practical":[191],"cloud-based":[192],"cell":[194],"networks":[195],"employing":[196],"clustered":[197],"cooperation.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}