{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1575632017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2015.7171016","title":"Verification of current-state opacity using Petri nets","display_name":"Verification of current-state opacity using Petri nets","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1575632017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2015.7171016","mag":"1575632017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/acc.2015.7171016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2015.7171016","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084053056","display_name":"Yin Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-0188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108074318","display_name":"Zhiwu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["CN","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiwu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","Taipa, Macau, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taipa, Macau, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005940530","display_name":"Carla Seatzu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-352X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carla Seatzu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030895170","display_name":"Alessandro Giua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3859-9472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143002897","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon","ror":"https://ror.org/02m9kbe37","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143002897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["FR","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Giua","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, EN-SAM, Universite de Toulon, Marseille, France","DIEE, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, EN-SAM, Universite de Toulon, Marseille, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I143002897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEE, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1935","last_page":"1940"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petri-net","display_name":"Petri net","score":0.9152966737747192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reachability","display_name":"Reachability","score":0.883556604385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opacity","display_name":"Opacity","score":0.7776367664337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6983997821807861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.6797826886177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.6508843302726746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6278848052024841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.5597671866416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-architecture","display_name":"Process architecture","score":0.47984716296195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4600825607776642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.45058107376098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.43250223994255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-petri-net","display_name":"Stochastic Petri net","score":0.41760337352752686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18232282996177673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1682189702987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10472238063812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.05440005660057068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.05157893896102905}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38677869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q724168","display_name":"Petri net","level":2,"score":0.9152966737747192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136643341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361526","display_name":"Reachability","level":2,"score":0.883556604385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60056205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691914","display_name":"Opacity","level":2,"score":0.7776367664337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6983997821807861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6797826886177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.6508843302726746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6278848052024841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.5597671866416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136155141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247260","display_name":"Process architecture","level":3,"score":0.47984716296195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4600825607776642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.45058107376098633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.43250223994255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197551870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617809","display_name":"Stochastic Petri net","level":3,"score":0.41760337352752686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18232282996177673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1682189702987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10472238063812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.05440005660057068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05157893896102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/acc.2015.7171016","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2015.7171016","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 American Control Conference (ACC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/178037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11584/178037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484913512","https://openalex.org/W1587663028","https://openalex.org/W1949722297","https://openalex.org/W1962985716","https://openalex.org/W1970248538","https://openalex.org/W1972158470","https://openalex.org/W1978884755","https://openalex.org/W1996109622","https://openalex.org/W2037457229","https://openalex.org/W2044981168","https://openalex.org/W2076767173","https://openalex.org/W2115354781","https://openalex.org/W2142367687","https://openalex.org/W2146738006","https://openalex.org/W2158302348","https://openalex.org/W2160792115","https://openalex.org/W2162000948","https://openalex.org/W2168066002","https://openalex.org/W2509841691","https://openalex.org/W4241747843","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6642534022"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543378523","https://openalex.org/W1980200158","https://openalex.org/W2154794415","https://openalex.org/W2107824370","https://openalex.org/W2257573499","https://openalex.org/W2381491984","https://openalex.org/W2353505923","https://openalex.org/W2092311420","https://openalex.org/W2064254377","https://openalex.org/W1531156418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,26,34,43,47,58,78,85,91,96,99],"problem":[4],"of":[5,8,46,53,60,87,98],"current-state":[6,23,68],"opacity":[7,69],"discrete":[9],"event":[10],"systems":[11],"(DES)":[12],"modeled":[13],"with":[14,90],"Petri":[15,72],"nets.":[16],"A":[17],"system":[18,48],"is":[19,37,49,74,101],"said":[20],"to":[21,40,66],"be":[22],"opaque":[24],"if":[25],"intruder":[27],"who":[28],"only":[29],"has":[30],"partial":[31],"observations":[32],"on":[33,57],"system's":[35],"behavior":[36],"never":[38],"able":[39],"infer":[41],"that":[42],"current":[44],"state":[45],"within":[50],"a":[51],"set":[52,81,86],"secret":[54],"states.":[55],"Based":[56],"notion":[59],"basis":[61],"markings,":[62],"an":[63],"efficient":[64],"approach":[65,100],"verifying":[67],"in":[70],"bounded":[71],"nets":[73],"proposed,":[75],"without":[76],"computing":[77],"whole":[79],"reachability":[80],"or":[82],"exhaustively":[83],"enumerating":[84],"markings":[88],"consistent":[89],"observation.":[92],"An":[93],"example":[94],"showing":[95],"efficiency":[97],"presented.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
