{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2021198525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2013.6580796","title":"A structured systems approach for optimal actuator-sensor placement in linear time-invariant systems","display_name":"A structured systems approach for optimal actuator-sensor placement in linear time-invariant systems","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2021198525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2013.6580796","mag":"2021198525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/acc.2013.6580796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2013.6580796","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 American Control Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040066595","display_name":"S\u00e9rgio Pequito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5143-1543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Pequito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, US","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077268766","display_name":"Soummya Kar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8060-5581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soummya Kar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069883451","display_name":"A. Pedro Aguiar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7105-0505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Pedro Aguiar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for System and Robotics, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal","Inst. for Syst. & Robot., Tech. Univ. of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for System and Robotics, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Syst. & Robot., Tech. Univ. of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040066595"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.3128,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99325163,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"6108","last_page":"6113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10046","display_name":"Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10046","display_name":"Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observability","display_name":"Observability","score":0.9230389595031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.8383595943450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lti-system-theory","display_name":"LTI system theory","score":0.7731845378875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-dynamical-system","display_name":"Linear dynamical system","score":0.6860624551773071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-system","display_name":"Linear system","score":0.6510353088378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6388059854507446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.6298795342445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.5195310711860657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44866830110549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial-matrix","display_name":"Polynomial matrix","score":0.4478147029876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gramian-matrix","display_name":"Gramian matrix","score":0.44300803542137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamical-systems-theory","display_name":"Dynamical systems theory","score":0.42411336302757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.4168441891670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.41412997245788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4060072898864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.31102555990219116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2738679051399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.20390048623085022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-polynomial","display_name":"Matrix polynomial","score":0.13898533582687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.10022181272506714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36299963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369844","display_name":"Observability","level":2,"score":0.9230389595031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.8383595943450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87698059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1808960","display_name":"LTI system theory","level":3,"score":0.7731845378875732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114275822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621512","display_name":"Linear dynamical system","level":3,"score":0.6860624551773071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.6510353088378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6388059854507446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.6298795342445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.5195310711860657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44866830110549927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126352355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562273","display_name":"Polynomial matrix","level":4,"score":0.4478147029876709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77246614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1409400","display_name":"Gramian matrix","level":3,"score":0.44300803542137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79379906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3174497","display_name":"Dynamical systems theory","level":2,"score":0.42411336302757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4168441891670227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.41412997245788574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4060072898864746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.31102555990219116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2738679051399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.20390048623085022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101044782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6787887","display_name":"Matrix polynomial","level":3,"score":0.13898533582687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.10022181272506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/acc.2013.6580796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2013.6580796","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 American Control Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.761.367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.761.367","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1210.6724.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533712308","https://openalex.org/W1562512484","https://openalex.org/W1603022741","https://openalex.org/W1930354283","https://openalex.org/W1971604476","https://openalex.org/W1974707153","https://openalex.org/W1995295418","https://openalex.org/W2007767503","https://openalex.org/W2021198525","https://openalex.org/W2042973636","https://openalex.org/W2066740837","https://openalex.org/W2094556468","https://openalex.org/W2101420429","https://openalex.org/W2143708085","https://openalex.org/W2157184494","https://openalex.org/W2296217093","https://openalex.org/W2312834382","https://openalex.org/W3145128584","https://openalex.org/W3145665386","https://openalex.org/W4233225156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W176642733","https://openalex.org/W2577309101","https://openalex.org/W2205194505","https://openalex.org/W2735450251","https://openalex.org/W2607364033","https://openalex.org/W1828528763","https://openalex.org/W1583194185","https://openalex.org/W2167507182","https://openalex.org/W4297797687","https://openalex.org/W4288418078"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3,96],"address":[4],"the":[5,16,24,29,32,41,47,70,90,99,106,113,121,125],"actuator/sensor":[6],"allocation":[7],"problem":[8],"for":[9],"linear":[10,21],"time":[11],"invariant":[12],"(LTI)":[13],"systems.":[14],"Given":[15],"structure":[17,30],"of":[18,31,73,89,108,124],"an":[19],"autonomous":[20],"dynamical":[22],"system,":[23],"goal":[25],"is":[26,43],"to":[27,68,77,120],"design":[28,123],"input":[33,51,92],"matrix":[34,93,129],"(commonly":[35,130],"denoted":[36,131],"by":[37,132],"B)":[38],"such":[39],"that":[40,49,98,134],"system":[42],"structurally":[44],"controllable":[45],"with":[46],"restriction":[48],"each":[50],"be":[52,117],"dedicated,":[53],"i.e.,":[54],"it":[55],"can":[56],"only":[57],"control":[58],"directly":[59],"a":[60,66],"single":[61],"state":[62,109],"variable.":[63],"We":[64],"provide":[65],"methodology":[67,115],"determine":[69],"minimum":[71],"number":[72,107],"dedicated":[74],"inputs":[75],"required":[76],"ensure":[78],"structural":[79,122,136],"controllability,":[80],"and":[81],"characterize":[82],"all":[83],"(when":[84],"not":[85],"unique)":[86],"possible":[87],"configurations":[88],"minimal":[91,127],"B.":[94],"Furthermore,":[95],"show":[97],"proposed":[100],"solution":[101,114],"incurs":[102],"polynomial":[103],"complexity":[104],"in":[105],"variables.":[110],"By":[111],"duality,":[112],"may":[116],"readily":[118],"extended":[119],"corresponding":[126],"output":[128],"C)":[133],"ensures":[135],"observability.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-03T08:47:05.690250","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
