{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106085615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2002.1025468","title":"Hybrid modelling for supervisory control purposes for the brine heater of a multi stage flash desalination plant","display_name":"Hybrid modelling for supervisory control purposes for the brine heater of a multi stage flash desalination plant","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106085615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2002.1025468","mag":"2106085615"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/acc.2002.1025468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2002.1025468","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2002 American Control Conference (IEEE Cat. No.CH37301)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091841277","display_name":"Adrian Gambier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-5040"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177802217","display_name":"University of Mannheim","ror":"https://ror.org/031bsb921","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Gambier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Automation Laboratoiy, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany","Autom. Lab, Mannheim Univ., Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Automation Laboratoiy, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autom. Lab, Mannheim Univ., Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079459149","display_name":"M. Fertig","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177802217","display_name":"University of Mannheim","ror":"https://ror.org/031bsb921","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Fertig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Automation Laboratoiy, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany","Autom. Lab, Mannheim Univ., Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Automation Laboratoiy, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autom. Lab, Mannheim Univ., Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109923397","display_name":"Essameddin Badreddin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177802217","display_name":"University of Mannheim","ror":"https://ror.org/031bsb921","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Badreddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Automation Laboratoiy, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany","Autom. Lab, Mannheim Univ., Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Automation Laboratoiy, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autom. Lab, Mannheim Univ., Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6321,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82490736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":null,"first_page":"5060","last_page":"5065 vol.6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13344","display_name":"Industrial Automation and Control Systems","score":0.9545000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desalination","display_name":"Desalination","score":0.695269763469696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervisory-control","display_name":"Supervisory control","score":0.542268693447113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash-evaporation","display_name":"Flash evaporation","score":0.4432777464389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4432676136493683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.44114816188812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-system","display_name":"Hybrid system","score":0.43098559975624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scarcity","display_name":"Scarcity","score":0.4290272891521454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4121178984642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flash","display_name":"Flash (photography)","score":0.4100549817085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.40643858909606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.32253098487854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2884904146194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-management","display_name":"Waste management","score":0.28639644384384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13725599646568298}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776870568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190873","display_name":"Desalination","level":3,"score":0.695269763469696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92991967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7644329","display_name":"Supervisory control","level":3,"score":0.542268693447113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137076967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900996","display_name":"Flash evaporation","level":2,"score":0.4432777464389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4432676136493683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.44114816188812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50897621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665508","display_name":"Hybrid system","level":2,"score":0.43098559975624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109747225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758","display_name":"Scarcity","level":2,"score":0.4290272891521454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4121178984642029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221836","display_name":"Flash (photography)","level":2,"score":0.4100549817085266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40643858909606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.32253098487854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2884904146194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.28639644384384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13725599646568298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/acc.2002.1025468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/acc.2002.1025468","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2002 American Control Conference (IEEE Cat. No.CH37301)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3624692","https://openalex.org/W239778095","https://openalex.org/W563321826","https://openalex.org/W1971012198","https://openalex.org/W1975141900","https://openalex.org/W1990165745","https://openalex.org/W2000773490","https://openalex.org/W2008655244","https://openalex.org/W2010513410","https://openalex.org/W2023358019","https://openalex.org/W2027885431","https://openalex.org/W2042143947","https://openalex.org/W2078234771","https://openalex.org/W2091379228","https://openalex.org/W2482155322","https://openalex.org/W4297966779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571141552","https://openalex.org/W4391636338","https://openalex.org/W2333663177","https://openalex.org/W2038584895","https://openalex.org/W1552815313","https://openalex.org/W4309382719","https://openalex.org/W4386067343","https://openalex.org/W4294250823","https://openalex.org/W2289846789","https://openalex.org/W2995741241"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multistage":[0],"flash":[1],"desalination":[2],"is":[3,20,63],"the":[4,26],"most":[5],"common":[6],"process":[7,19],"to":[8,47],"produce":[9],"freshwater":[10],"from":[11],"seawater":[12],"based":[13,58],"on":[14],"large":[15],"scale":[16],"distillation.":[17],"The":[18],"energy":[21],"intensive":[22],"but":[23],"essential":[24],"for":[25,54],"maintenance":[27],"of":[28,35,59],"life":[29],"support":[30],"in":[31,45,65],"regions":[32],"with":[33],"scarcity":[34],"water":[36],"resources.":[37],"Such":[38],"plants":[39],"need":[40],"an":[41],"efficient":[42],"control":[43,56],"system":[44],"order":[46],"be":[48],"economically":[49],"viable.":[50],"A":[51],"hybrid":[52,61],"model":[53],"supervisory":[55],"purposes":[57],"a":[60],"automaton":[62],"proposed":[64],"this":[66],"contribution.":[67]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}