{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200525424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/a-sscc53895.2021.9634829","title":"An integrated 8A pulsed VCSEL array driver under 12V supply with built-in pulse monitor and automatic peak current control for direct time-of-flight applications","display_name":"An integrated 8A pulsed VCSEL array driver under 12V supply with built-in pulse monitor and automatic peak current control for direct time-of-flight applications","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200525424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/a-sscc53895.2021.9634829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/a-sscc53895.2021.9634829","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/a-sscc53895.2021.9634829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608516","display_name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053949516","display_name":"Tao Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0825-8941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tao Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779843","display_name":"Xuefeng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-3172"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuefeng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100402336","display_name":"Yuwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4282-9821"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101618144","display_name":"Yuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1513-3836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102021287","display_name":"Yifan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3810-0885"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046729671","display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7306-6738"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055226905","display_name":"Liujia Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liujia Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhotonIC Technologies, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073141375","display_name":"Shenglong Zhuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9907-3688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenglong Zhuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005624875","display_name":"Zhihong Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-4097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihong Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112245798","display_name":"Patrick Yin Chiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Yin Chiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053949516"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6615,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84574468,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13869","display_name":"Ocular and Laser Science Research","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.777696967124939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.6517789959907532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5751408934593201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.49211686849594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-width-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","score":0.4884299337863922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.4641467332839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-cavity-surface-emitting-laser","display_name":"Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser","score":0.46226584911346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.42073577642440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.4122842848300934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-power-scaling","display_name":"Laser power scaling","score":0.41221633553504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.33991730213165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24571463465690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.23960691690444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1717759668827057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14853054285049438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0994449257850647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.777696967124939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6517789959907532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5751408934593201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.49211686849594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.4884299337863922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.4641467332839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106246969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2009618","display_name":"Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser","level":3,"score":0.46226584911346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.42073577642440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.4122842848300934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200649887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154544","display_name":"Laser power scaling","level":3,"score":0.41221633553504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.33991730213165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24571463465690613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.23960691690444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1717759668827057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14853054285049438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0994449257850647}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/a-sscc53895.2021.9634829","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/a-sscc53895.2021.9634829","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608516","display_name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987594666","https://openalex.org/W2314090654","https://openalex.org/W2809912470","https://openalex.org/W2995558547","https://openalex.org/W6647323165"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783354812","https://openalex.org/W4384112194","https://openalex.org/W2103009189","https://openalex.org/W4312958259","https://openalex.org/W4308259661","https://openalex.org/W4390813131","https://openalex.org/W2349383066","https://openalex.org/W4328132048","https://openalex.org/W2594043982","https://openalex.org/W3036493597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Direct":[0],"time-of-flight":[1],"(DToF)":[2],"has":[3],"become":[4],"a":[5,52,59,67,74,147],"prominent":[6],"depth-sensing":[7],"technique":[8],"used":[9],"in":[10,109],"light":[11],"detection":[12],"and":[13,20,33,45,73,120,161],"ranging":[14],"(LiDAR)":[15],"systems":[16,40],"for":[17],"consumer,":[18],"industrial,":[19],"automotive":[21],"applications.":[22],"Compared":[23],"with":[24,42,96],"scanning":[25],"LiDAR,":[26],"flash":[27,54],"LiDAR":[28,39],"eliminates":[29],"mechanical":[30],"moving":[31],"parts":[32],"MEMS":[34],"mirrors,":[35],"making":[36],"compact":[37],"solid-state":[38,53],"available":[41],"high":[43,97],"reliability":[44],"low":[46,128],"cost":[47],"[1].":[48],"Fig.":[49],"1(a)":[50],"illustrates":[51],"DToF":[55],"system":[56],"consisting":[57],"of":[58],"single":[60],"photon":[61],"avalanche":[62],"diode":[63],"(SPAD)-based":[64],"receiver":[65],"sensor,":[66],"high-power":[68],"pulsed":[69,104],"laser-diode":[70],"driver":[71,139],"(LDD),":[72],"vertical":[75],"cavity":[76],"surface-emitting":[77],"laser":[78,83,94,151],"(VCSEL)":[79],"array":[80,138],"as":[81],"the":[82],"source.":[84],"To":[85],"detect":[86],"longer":[87],"range":[88],"within":[89],"power":[90,99],"consumption":[91],"constraints,":[92],"short":[93],"pulses":[95,152],"peak":[98,144,156],"are":[100],"required.":[101],"Several":[102],"integrated":[103,136],"LDDs":[105],"have":[106,115],"been":[107],"reported":[108],"recent":[110],"years,":[111],"but":[112],"they":[113],"either":[114],"over":[116,141],"50V":[117],"supply":[118],"voltage":[119],"un-programmable":[121],"pulse":[122],"width":[123],"[2]":[124],"[3],":[125],"or":[126],"500mA":[127],"modulation":[129],"current":[130,145],"[4].":[131],"This":[132],"work":[133],"presents":[134],"an":[135],"VCSEL":[137],"generating":[140],"8A":[142],"maximum":[143],"using":[146],"12V":[148],"supply,":[149],"producing":[150],"up":[153],"to":[154,163],"20.3W":[155],"power,":[157],"120ps":[158],"rise":[159],"time,":[160],"down":[162],"276ps":[164],"full-width":[165],"at":[166],"half-maximum":[167],"(FWHM).":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}