{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015513590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/a-sscc47793.2019.9056914","title":"0.54 pJ/bit, 15Mb/s True Random Number Generator Using Probabilistic Delay Cell for Edge Computing Applications","display_name":"0.54 pJ/bit, 15Mb/s True Random Number Generator Using Probabilistic Delay Cell for Edge Computing Applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015513590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/a-sscc47793.2019.9056914","mag":"3015513590"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/a-sscc47793.2019.9056914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/a-sscc47793.2019.9056914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325808","display_name":"Fei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2870-3010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021584648","display_name":"Ming Ming Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-1202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Ming Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013201833","display_name":"Aarthy Mani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-6974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aarthy Mani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057462989","display_name":"Vishnu Paramasivam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vishnu Paramasivam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101615706","display_name":"Anh Tuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8320-6818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anh Tuan Do","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100325808"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1012,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48631898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"141","last_page":"144"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9616000056266785,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.7524163722991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-number-generation","display_name":"Random number generation","score":0.6867029070854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6786165237426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5762746334075928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bitstream","display_name":"Bitstream","score":0.5071043968200684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.4574112594127655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.43347716331481934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-edge","display_name":"Signal edge","score":0.42164042592048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/8-bit","display_name":"8-bit","score":0.4142051935195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.36703407764434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.2770155072212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.269622266292572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2605763077735901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.24011746048927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.1264268457889557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12576395273208618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12022235989570618}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.7524163722991943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.6867029070854187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6786165237426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5762746334075928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136695289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415568","display_name":"Bitstream","level":3,"score":0.5071043968200684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.4574112594127655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.43347716331481934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117525741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775654","display_name":"Signal edge","level":4,"score":0.42164042592048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187919765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270159","display_name":"8-bit","level":2,"score":0.4142051935195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.36703407764434814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.2770155072212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.269622266292572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2605763077735901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.24011746048927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.1264268457889557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12576395273208618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12022235989570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13412647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174948","display_name":"Analog signal","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/a-sscc47793.2019.9056914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/a-sscc47793.2019.9056914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990478559","https://openalex.org/W1999094902","https://openalex.org/W2054443616","https://openalex.org/W2099686261","https://openalex.org/W2289837945","https://openalex.org/W2912307172"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2910439186","https://openalex.org/W3134956345","https://openalex.org/W2773228113","https://openalex.org/W2523104764","https://openalex.org/W2922433876","https://openalex.org/W3084704944","https://openalex.org/W4381427530","https://openalex.org/W3004634482","https://openalex.org/W2610269622","https://openalex.org/W2054443616"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,29,36,60,73,106],"true":[4],"random":[5,42,56],"number":[6],"generator":[7],"utilizing":[8],"the":[9,13,89,92],"probabilistic":[10],"delay":[11,48],"of":[12,63,76,88,91],"cross-coupled":[14],"latch":[15],"during":[16],"start":[17],"up":[18],"as":[19,28],"an":[20],"entropy":[21],"source.":[22],"The":[23,45,66,94],"start-up":[24],"signal":[25],"is":[26],"used":[27],"slow":[30],"and":[31,50,100],"jittered":[32],"clock":[33],"to":[34,40],"sample":[35],"fast":[37],"ring":[38],"oscillator":[39],"harvest":[41],"bit":[43,74],"stream.":[44],"tunable":[46],"jitter":[47],"range":[49,62],"all-digital":[51],"design":[52],"ensure":[53],"high":[54,101],"quality":[55],"bits":[57],"generation":[58],"across":[59],"wide":[61],"supply":[64,81],"voltages.":[65],"test":[67],"chip":[68],"consumes":[69],"0.54":[70],"pJ/bit":[71],"with":[72],"rate":[75],"15Mb/s":[77],"at":[78],"0.5":[79],"V":[80],"voltage":[82],"while":[83],"occupying":[84],"only":[85],"18%":[86],"area":[87],"state":[90],"art.":[93],"design's":[95],"compact":[96],"area,":[97],"simple":[98],"interface,":[99],"energy":[102],"efficiency":[103],"make":[104],"it":[105],"well":[107],"suited":[108],"choice":[109],"for":[110],"edge":[111],"computing":[112],"applications.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}