{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145049389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/76.744284","title":"Rate control in DCT video coding for low-delay communications","display_name":"Rate control in DCT video coding for low-delay communications","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145049389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/76.744284","mag":"2145049389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/76.744284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/76.744284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043860768","display_name":"J. Ribas-Corbera","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Ribas-Corbera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Video, Sharp Laboratories of America, Inc.orporated, Camas, WA, USA","Dept. of Digital Video, Sharp Labs. of America, Camas, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Video, Sharp Laboratories of America, Inc.orporated, Camas, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Digital Video, Sharp Labs. of America, Camas, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085438224","display_name":"Shawmin Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0638-2921"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shawmin Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Video, Sharp Laboratories of America, Inc.orporated, Camas, WA, USA","[Department of Digital Video, Sharp Laboratories of America, Inc.orporated, Camas, WA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Video, Sharp Laboratories of America, Inc.orporated, Camas, WA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Digital Video, Sharp Laboratories of America, Inc.orporated, Camas, WA, USA]","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.7784,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":560,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99628504,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"172","last_page":"185"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.7678172588348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.7301791906356812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7294337749481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-cosine-transform","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","score":0.7079265117645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-compression","display_name":"Data compression","score":0.49672895669937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.48939672112464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4739392101764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4277487099170685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-quality","display_name":"Video quality","score":0.421764612197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate\u2013distortion-theory","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion theory","score":0.41546130180358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transform-coding","display_name":"Transform coding","score":0.41101253032684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.19901791214942932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17339903116226196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.7678172588348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.7301791906356812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7294337749481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.7079265117645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.49672895669937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.48939672112464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4739392101764679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4277487099170685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103910844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631256","display_name":"Video quality","level":3,"score":0.421764612197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64185310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843483","display_name":"Rate\u2013distortion theory","level":3,"score":0.41546130180358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169805256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361381","display_name":"Transform coding","level":4,"score":0.41101253032684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.19901791214942932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17339903116226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/76.744284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/76.744284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115173108","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","issn_l":"1051-8215","issn":["1051-8215","1558-2205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W165360190","https://openalex.org/W1588460267","https://openalex.org/W1634005169","https://openalex.org/W1726908779","https://openalex.org/W1827942966","https://openalex.org/W1964204065","https://openalex.org/W1969944220","https://openalex.org/W1969952874","https://openalex.org/W2049088815","https://openalex.org/W2057728442","https://openalex.org/W2074799292","https://openalex.org/W2080997670","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2103975552","https://openalex.org/W2109627798","https://openalex.org/W2111139348","https://openalex.org/W2113829913","https://openalex.org/W2115907784","https://openalex.org/W2119097319","https://openalex.org/W2122398530","https://openalex.org/W2123123682","https://openalex.org/W2155647724","https://openalex.org/W2158137439","https://openalex.org/W3180298791","https://openalex.org/W6606682356","https://openalex.org/W6798296279","https://openalex.org/W7009594176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094583657","https://openalex.org/W1594300462","https://openalex.org/W2158009109","https://openalex.org/W1606460848","https://openalex.org/W1706111048","https://openalex.org/W2115252864","https://openalex.org/W2129927873","https://openalex.org/W2112852877","https://openalex.org/W2772846670","https://openalex.org/W2034796835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"important":[1],"motivation":[2],"for":[3,23,55,105,169],"the":[4,7,17,30,37,49,57,86,89,118,129,141,164,190,201],"development":[5],"of":[6,19,88,113,117,172,194,205],"emerging":[8],"H.263+":[9,195],"and":[10,48,62,108,133,150,153,159,175,196],"MPEG-4":[11,151],"coding":[12],"standards":[13],"is":[14,53,167],"to":[15,128,139,157],"enhance":[16],"quality":[18,61],"highly":[20],"compressed":[21],"video":[22,58,97,173],"two-way,":[24],"real-time":[25],"communications.":[26],"In":[27,68],"these":[28,80],"applications,":[29],"delay":[31],"produced":[32],"by":[33,83],"bits":[34],"accumulated":[35],"in":[36,92,110,115,148,189,200],"encoder":[38,165],"buffer":[39,66,166],"must":[40],"be":[41],"very":[42],"small,":[43,168],"typically":[44],"below":[45],"100":[46],"ms,":[47],"rate":[50,75,107,161,186],"control":[51,76,162,187],"strategy":[52],"responsible":[54],"encoding":[56],"with":[59],"high":[60],"maintaining":[63],"a":[64,73,170,185],"low":[65],"delay.":[67],"this":[69,111],"work,":[70],"we":[71,102,124],"present":[72],"simple":[74],"technique":[77,147],"that":[78,136],"achieves":[79],"two":[81],"objectives":[82],"smartly":[84],"selecting":[85],"values":[87],"quantization":[90,119,142],"parameters":[91],"typical":[93],"discrete":[94],"cosine":[95],"transform":[96],"coders.":[98],"To":[99],"do":[100],"this,":[101],"derive":[103],"models":[104],"bit":[106,131,176],"distortion":[109,126],"type":[112],"coders,":[114,152],"terms":[116],"parameters.":[120,143],"Using":[121],"Lagrange":[122],"optimization,":[123],"minimize":[125],"subject":[127],"target":[130],"constraint,":[132],"obtain":[134],"formulas":[135],"indicate":[137],"how":[138],"choose":[140],"We":[144],"implement":[145],"our":[146],"H.263":[149],"compare":[154],"its":[155],"performance":[156],"TMN7":[158],"VM7":[160],"when":[163],"variety":[171],"sequences":[174],"rates.":[177],"This":[178],"new":[179],"method":[180],"has":[181],"been":[182],"adopted":[183],"as":[184],"tool":[188],"test":[191],"model":[192,203],"TMN8":[193],"(with":[197],"some":[198],"modifications)":[199],"verification":[202],"VM8":[204],"MPEG-4.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}