{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3021209330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/6gsummit49458.2020.9083742","title":"A 25 GHz Active Phase Shifter Using 10 bit Cartesian Control","display_name":"A 25 GHz Active Phase Shifter Using 10 bit Cartesian Control","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3021209330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/6gsummit49458.2020.9083742","mag":"3021209330"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/6gsummit49458.2020.9083742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/6gsummit49458.2020.9083742","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 2nd 6G Wireless Summit (6G SUMMIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018158308","display_name":"Alok Sethi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-8472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alok Sethi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047297707","display_name":"Janne Aikio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2745-4830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janne P. Aikio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005378970","display_name":"Rehman Akbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1665-2161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rehman Akbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011273289","display_name":"Mikko Hietanen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5552-2303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikko Hietanen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088828732","display_name":"Timo Rahkonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-1120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Rahkonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054231009","display_name":"Aarno P\u00e4rssinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-6148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aarno Parssinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018158308"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55485574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-module","display_name":"Phase shift module","score":0.9070662260055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyphase-system","display_name":"Polyphase system","score":0.6358747482299805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4912711977958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4894922971725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.47771120071411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4745165705680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.46185266971588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.428450345993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/splitter","display_name":"Splitter","score":0.42689359188079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3828510046005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3748338520526886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insertion-loss","display_name":"Insertion loss","score":0.37229233980178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3476831018924713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23590561747550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.15367278456687927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103864889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480524","display_name":"Phase shift module","level":3,"score":0.9070662260055542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96157337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391639","display_name":"Polyphase system","level":2,"score":0.6358747482299805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4912711977958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4894922971725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47771120071411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4745165705680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46185266971588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.428450345993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777403171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7578732","display_name":"Splitter","level":2,"score":0.42689359188079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3828510046005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3748338520526886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90327742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947396","display_name":"Insertion loss","level":2,"score":0.37229233980178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3476831018924713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23590561747550964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.15367278456687927}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/6gsummit49458.2020.9083742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/6gsummit49458.2020.9083742","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 2nd 6G Wireless Summit (6G SUMMIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oulu.fi:nbnfi-fe2020070646922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2020070646922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400284","display_name":"University of Oulu Repository (University of Oulu)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","host_organization_name":"University of Oulu","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W562994124","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2104074482","https://openalex.org/W2176617298","https://openalex.org/W2491428229","https://openalex.org/W2771423107","https://openalex.org/W2782200696","https://openalex.org/W2782507342","https://openalex.org/W2794058684","https://openalex.org/W2920838253"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2144104913","https://openalex.org/W2907727549","https://openalex.org/W2624726076","https://openalex.org/W1537188120","https://openalex.org/W2423148862","https://openalex.org/W2620757316","https://openalex.org/W3185515019","https://openalex.org/W2117491808","https://openalex.org/W2125361541","https://openalex.org/W4251034338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,15,63],"active":[4],"RF":[5,76],"phase":[6,81,102],"shifter,":[7],"targeted":[8],"towards":[9],"5G":[10],"wireless":[11],"systems,":[12],"which":[13,59],"uses":[14],"IQ":[16],"vector":[17],"modulator":[18],"(IQVM)":[19],"topology":[20],"with":[21,52],"a":[22,48,53,66],"10":[23],"bit":[24],"cartesian":[25],"codebook.":[26],"The":[27,75,111],"circuit":[28],"is":[29,57,83,107,120],"designed":[30],"using":[31],"45":[32],"nm":[33],"CMOS":[34],"SOI":[35],"technology.":[36],"To":[37],"generate":[38],"the":[39,46,79],"I":[40],"and":[41,86],"Q":[42],"basis":[43],"vectors":[44],"for":[45],"IQVM,":[47],"tunable":[49],"polyphase":[50],"filter":[51],"novel":[54],"tuning":[55],"mechanism":[56],"used,":[58],"allows":[60],"operation":[61],"over":[62,98],"octave":[64],"of":[65,78,91,94,101],"frequency":[67],"range,":[68],"from":[69,116],"22":[70],"GHz":[71,85],"to":[72],"40":[73],"GHz.":[74],"bandwidth":[77],"proposed":[80],"shifter":[82],"2.5":[84],"can":[87],"provide":[88],"in":[89],"excess":[90],"8":[92],"dB":[93],"fine":[95],"gain":[96],"control":[97],"360":[99],"degrees":[100],"shift.":[103],"Active":[104],"area":[105],"occupied":[106],"0.2":[108],"square":[109],"millimeter.":[110],"total":[112],"DC":[113],"power":[114],"consumed":[115],"1":[117],"V":[118],"supply":[119],"36":[121],"mW.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}