{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165758178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4234.1001655","title":"Shaping gain of the partially coherent additive white Gaussian noise channel","display_name":"Shaping gain of the partially coherent additive white Gaussian noise channel","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165758178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4234.1001655","mag":"2165758178"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/4234.1001655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4234.1001655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112111108","display_name":"Ping Hou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003906114","display_name":"Benjamin J. Belzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9419-9281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.J. Belzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044941545","display_name":"T.R. Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-0478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.R. Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4034,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89602966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"5","first_page":"175","last_page":"177"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.8996978402137756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6398463845252991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.5206241607666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.5052679181098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.4981403350830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.46750912070274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4621129631996155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.46166330575942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.41849568486213684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3888600468635559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3793864846229553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3738856613636017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3432662785053253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3233972191810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.0824662446975708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0717846155166626}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.8996978402137756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6398463845252991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.5206241607666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.5052679181098938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.4981403350830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.46750912070274353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4621129631996155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.46166330575942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.41849568486213684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3888600468635559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3793864846229553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3738856613636017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3432662785053253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3233972191810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0824662446975708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0717846155166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/4234.1001655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/4234.1001655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147316732","display_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","issn_l":"1089-7798","issn":["1089-7798","1558-2558","2373-7891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W404559350","https://openalex.org/W1560089794","https://openalex.org/W1904952949","https://openalex.org/W2074025825","https://openalex.org/W2102044819","https://openalex.org/W2135469284","https://openalex.org/W2142895215","https://openalex.org/W2159204220","https://openalex.org/W2798333393","https://openalex.org/W4210505594","https://openalex.org/W4248676392","https://openalex.org/W4401325430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974392290","https://openalex.org/W1911817635","https://openalex.org/W2810224748","https://openalex.org/W3090071501","https://openalex.org/W2747300875","https://openalex.org/W2353656796","https://openalex.org/W2011915004","https://openalex.org/W3103566292","https://openalex.org/W1607924090","https://openalex.org/W2074565401"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,31],"derive":[1],"necessary":[2],"conditions":[3],"on":[4,47],"the":[5,19,34,48,71,76],"channel":[6,16,25],"input":[7,36],"and":[8,41,86],"output":[9],"probability":[10],"density":[11],"functions":[12],"(PDFs)":[13],"to":[14],"achieve":[15,39],"capacity":[17],"for":[18,75],"additive":[20],"white":[21],"Gaussian":[22,35],"noise":[23],"(AWGN)":[24],"with":[26,70],"Tikhonov":[27],"distributed":[28],"phase":[29],"error.":[30],"show":[32],"that":[33],"does":[37],"not":[38],"capacity,":[40],"we":[42],"obtain":[43],"a":[44],"lower":[45],"bound":[46],"shaping":[49,52,73],"gain.":[50],"The":[51],"gain":[53,74],"can":[54],"be":[55],"as":[56,58,63,65],"large":[57],"2.4":[59],"dB":[60,88],"at":[61,82,89],"rates":[62,85],"low":[64,83],"0.5":[66],"b/symbol/Hz.":[67],"This":[68],"contrasts":[69],"well-known":[72],"AWGN":[77],"channel,":[78],"which":[79],"is":[80],"small":[81],"transmission":[84],"1.53":[87],"higher":[90],"rates.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
