{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015382034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic48104.2019.9058793","title":"Merging PDKs to Build a Design Environment for 3D Circuits: Methodology, Challenges and Limitations","display_name":"Merging PDKs to Build a Design Environment for 3D Circuits: Methodology, Challenges and Limitations","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015382034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic48104.2019.9058793","mag":"3015382034"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/3dic48104.2019.9058793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic48104.2019.9058793","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073233302","display_name":"Olivier Billoint","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Billoint","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089239430","display_name":"K. Azizi-Mourier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Azizi-Mourier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030155683","display_name":"G. Cibrario","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Cibrario","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108690258","display_name":"Didier Lattard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Lattard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033934371","display_name":"M. Mouhdach","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Mouhdach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037060249","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Thuries","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Thuries","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031216442","display_name":"Pascal Vivet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7413-8243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Vivet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DCOS, LMDK, Grenoble","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6681236624717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnection","display_name":"Interconnection","score":0.5875260233879089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.5729113221168518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5169740915298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-design","display_name":"Circuit design","score":0.4713206887245178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.43518996238708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit-design","display_name":"Integrated circuit design","score":0.4284314215183258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-design","display_name":"Physical design","score":0.4261518120765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.28221049904823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1972920298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1283654272556305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1115557849407196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6681236624717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123745756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnection","level":2,"score":0.5875260233879089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.5729113221168518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5169740915298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.4713206887245178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.43518996238708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74524168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074539","display_name":"Integrated circuit design","level":2,"score":0.4284314215183258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188817802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13426855","display_name":"Physical design","level":3,"score":0.4261518120765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.28221049904823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1972920298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1283654272556305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1115557849407196}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/3dic48104.2019.9058793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic48104.2019.9058793","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:cea-04776569v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://cea.hal.science/cea-04776569","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2019 International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC), Oct 2019, Sendai, Japan. pp.1-5, &#x27E8;10.1109/3DIC48104.2019.9058793&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1898461707","https://openalex.org/W1964678809","https://openalex.org/W1979804960","https://openalex.org/W2015952501","https://openalex.org/W2593197747","https://openalex.org/W2736134561","https://openalex.org/W2895301977","https://openalex.org/W2946744628","https://openalex.org/W4232424867","https://openalex.org/W4241852543"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389672975","https://openalex.org/W1553422968","https://openalex.org/W1955236059","https://openalex.org/W1965232212","https://openalex.org/W2109207559","https://openalex.org/W1987513258","https://openalex.org/W2036121598","https://openalex.org/W2168458994","https://openalex.org/W1974416117","https://openalex.org/W1963851171"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Design":[0,103],"of":[1,27,43,46,106,115,141,162],"3D":[2,33,48,57,97,122],"ICs":[3],"is":[4,118],"mainly":[5],"done":[6],"in":[7],"separated":[8],"design":[9,29,94,129],"environments":[10],"for":[11,32,56,96],"each":[12],"tier,":[13],"assuming":[14],"that":[15,119],"communication":[16],"channels":[17],"between":[18],"tiers":[19],"are":[20],"user-defined":[21],"and":[22,135,145],"fixed":[23],"at":[24],"the":[25,28],"beginning":[26],"process.":[30],"Suitable":[31],"stacking":[34],"based":[35],"on":[36,152,160],"TSV":[37],"or":[38],"Hybrid":[39],"Bonding":[40],"technologies":[41,59,108],"because":[42],"low":[44],"granularity":[45],"these":[47],"interconnect":[49],"elements,":[50],"this":[51,84,116],"methodology":[52,89,117],"becomes":[53],"less":[54],"effective":[55],"sequential":[58,98],"once":[60],"trying":[61],"to":[62,90,110],"integrate":[63],"Monolithic":[64],"Inter-tier":[65],"Vias":[66],"(MIVs)":[67],"with":[68,150],"higher":[69],"density":[70],"(around":[71],"1.10":[72],"<sup":[73,79],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[74,80],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">8</sup>":[75],"vias":[76],"per":[77],"mm":[78],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[81],").":[82],"In":[83],"paper,":[85],"we":[86,143],"describe":[87],"a":[88,92,121,139,147],"create":[91],"unified":[93],"environment":[95],"technology":[99],"by":[100],"merging":[101],"Process":[102],"Kits":[104],"(PDKs)":[105],"different":[107,111],"attached":[109],"tiers.":[112],"Main":[113],"advantage":[114],"designing":[120],"circuit":[123],"may":[124],"no":[125],"more":[126],"require":[127],"several":[128],"environments,":[130],"thus":[131],"simplifying":[132],"simulations,":[133],"verifications":[134],"layout":[136],"finishing.":[137],"As":[138],"proof":[140],"concept,":[142],"designed":[144],"taped-out":[146],"RISC-V":[148],"processor":[149],"logic":[151],"memory":[153],"architecture":[154],"using":[155],"LETI":[156],"CoolCube":[157],"28nm":[158,164],"FDSOI":[159,165],"top":[161],"ST":[163],"technology.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}