{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2735012113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2016.7970001","title":"Continuity and reliability assessment of a scalable 3\u00d750\u03bcm and 2\u00d740\u03bcm via-middle TSV module","display_name":"Continuity and reliability assessment of a scalable 3\u00d750\u03bcm and 2\u00d740\u03bcm via-middle TSV module","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2735012113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2016.7970001","mag":"2735012113"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/3dic.2016.7970001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2016.7970001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017425497","display_name":"Stefaan Van Huylenbroeck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stefaan Van Huylenbroeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100402205","display_name":"Yunlong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4791-4013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunlong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027473851","display_name":"Michele Stucchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7848-0492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Stucchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006560807","display_name":"Lieve Bogaerts","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lieve Bogaerts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112297339","display_name":"Joeri De Vos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joeri De Vos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112402799","display_name":"Gerald Beyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6367-3046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerald Beyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051712390","display_name":"Eric Beyne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3096-050X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Beyne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imec vzw, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016687185","display_name":"Mohand Brouri","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohand Brouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fremont, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fremont, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109357005","display_name":"Praveen Nalla","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Praveen Nalla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lam Research Corporation, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lam Research Corporation, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111917144","display_name":"Sanjay Gopinath","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjay Gopinath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lam Research Corporation, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lam Research Corporation, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018213940","display_name":"Matthew S. Thorum","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Thorum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lam Research Corporation, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lam Research Corporation, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005672320","display_name":"Joe Richardson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139090","display_name":"Lam Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04gecbm52","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139090"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joe Richardson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lam Research Corp, Fremont, CA, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lam Research Corp, Fremont, CA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139090"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081500205","display_name":"Jengyi Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jengyi Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lam Research Corporation, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lam Research Corporation, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017425497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2105031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10460","display_name":"Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7650141716003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/through-silicon-via","display_name":"Through-silicon via","score":0.7067615389823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wafer","display_name":"Wafer","score":0.6455256938934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper","display_name":"Copper","score":0.6405930519104004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passivation","display_name":"Passivation","score":0.6301758289337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.544196605682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroplating","display_name":"Electroplating","score":0.50899338722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon","display_name":"Silicon","score":0.4740571677684784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.4551111161708832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/etching","display_name":"Etching (microfabrication)","score":0.4496574103832245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion-barrier","display_name":"Diffusion barrier","score":0.4438381791114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daisy-chain","display_name":"Daisy chain","score":0.43406885862350464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-plating","display_name":"Copper plating","score":0.4255126714706421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.4175404906272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromigration","display_name":"Electromigration","score":0.4153153896331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34304875135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metallurgy","display_name":"Metallurgy","score":0.24443960189819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.19173318147659302}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7650141716003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45632049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1578120","display_name":"Through-silicon via","level":3,"score":0.7067615389823914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160671074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267131","display_name":"Wafer","level":2,"score":0.6455256938934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544778455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753","display_name":"Copper","level":2,"score":0.6405930519104004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33574316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917260","display_name":"Passivation","level":3,"score":0.6301758289337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.544196605682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51807945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503392","display_name":"Electroplating","level":3,"score":0.50899338722229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.4740571677684784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4551111161708832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100460472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2368605","display_name":"Etching (microfabrication)","level":3,"score":0.4496574103832245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778836790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275435","display_name":"Diffusion barrier","level":3,"score":0.4438381791114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59014099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1157702","display_name":"Daisy chain","level":2,"score":0.43406885862350464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29216876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1769505","display_name":"Copper plating","level":4,"score":0.4255126714706421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4175404906272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138055206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1319010","display_name":"Electromigration","level":2,"score":0.4153153896331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34304875135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.24443960189819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19173318147659302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/3dic.2016.7970001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2016.7970001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2004049202","https://openalex.org/W2035480303","https://openalex.org/W2050509750","https://openalex.org/W2120974296","https://openalex.org/W2171372159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3210795470","https://openalex.org/W2919724632","https://openalex.org/W2470998831","https://openalex.org/W2091723516","https://openalex.org/W1990483883","https://openalex.org/W2076332245","https://openalex.org/W2105153546","https://openalex.org/W1987092361","https://openalex.org/W1997090196","https://openalex.org/W2154266093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"advanced":[1,241],"TSV":[2,63,108,213,245],"metallization":[3,79,155],"scheme,":[4,80],"featuring":[5],"a":[6,12,23,98,104,161],"high":[7,24,34,136],"conformal":[8,170],"ALD":[9,14],"oxide":[10],"liner,":[11],"thermal":[13],"WN":[15,38],"barrier,":[16],"an":[17],"electroless":[18],"NiB":[19,41],"platable":[20],"seed":[21,177],"and":[22,40,97,123,135,149,164,175,232],"throughput":[25],"copper":[26,99,117,199],"ECD":[27],"filling":[28],"is":[29,110,138,157],"presented.":[30],"Because":[31],"of":[32,36,68,145,172,205,239],"the":[33,37,50,62,66,69,85,93,113,120,124,129,141,173,176,195,206,220],"conformality":[35],"barrier":[39,174],"seed,":[42],"very":[43],"thin":[44],"layers":[45,59],"can":[46],"be":[47],"deposited,":[48],"reducing":[49],"manufacturing":[51],"cost":[52],"significantly,":[53],"while":[54],"still":[55,193],"guaranteeing":[56],"continuous":[57],"barrier/seed":[58],"all":[60],"along":[61],"sidewall":[64],"to":[65,160,183,214],"bottom":[67,197],"TSV.":[70],"3":[71],"\u00d7":[72,243],"50\u03bcm":[73],"via-middle":[74,167],"wafers,":[75],"processed":[76,83],"with":[77,190],"this":[78,240],"are":[81],"further":[82,180],"through":[84,187],"thinning":[86],"module,":[87],"by":[88,102,201],"using":[89,103,219],"temporary":[90],"bonded":[91],"carriers,":[92],"backside":[94],"passivation":[95],"module":[96,101],"RDL":[100,116],"semi-additive":[105],"process.":[106],"The":[107,153,169,203],"resistance":[109,142],"measured":[111],"between":[112],"5\u03bcm":[114,191],"thick":[115],"layer":[118,127,178],"at":[119,128],"back":[121],"side":[122],"METPASS":[125],"aluminum":[126],"wafer":[130],"front":[131],"side.":[132],"Low":[133],"spread":[134],"yield":[137],"obtained":[139],"on":[140],"data":[143],"distribution":[144],"both":[146,230],"single":[147],"kelvin":[148],"daisy":[150],"chain":[151],"structures.":[152],"same":[154],"scheme":[156],"successfully":[158],"scaled":[159],"2\u03bcm":[162],"diameter":[163],"40\u03bcm":[165,244],"deep":[166],"module.":[168,247],"deposition":[171],"enables":[179],"scaling":[181],"down":[182],"aspect":[184],"ratio":[185],"20:1":[186],"silicon":[188,215],"via's":[189],"pitch,":[192],"ensuring":[194],"void-free":[196],"up":[198],"fill":[200],"electroplating.":[202],"integrity":[204],"liner/barrier":[207],"system":[208],"against":[209],"Cu":[210],"diffusion":[211],"from":[212],"has":[216],"been":[217],"verified":[218],"established":[221],"controlled":[222],"I-V":[223],"method.":[224],"Field":[225],"acceleration":[226],"factors,":[227],"extracted":[228],"in":[229],"copper-confined":[231],"copper-driven":[233],"regime,":[234],"indicate":[235],"good":[236],"TDDB":[237],"reliability":[238],"2":[242],"middle":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
