{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139797813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2015.7334618","title":"Graphite-based heat spreaders for hotspot mitigation in 3D ICs","display_name":"Graphite-based heat spreaders for hotspot mitigation in 3D ICs","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139797813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2015.7334618","mag":"2139797813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/3dic.2015.7334618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2015.7334618","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103294307","display_name":"Cristiano Santos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristiano Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, Grenoble, France","CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rafael Prieto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131827901","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/00wm3b005","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104693","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/01c74sd89","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210104693"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Prieto","raw_affiliation_strings":["STMicroelectronics, France","STMicroelectronics - 850 rue Jean Monnet 38926 Crolles, FRANCE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics - 850 rue Jean Monnet 38926 Crolles, FRANCE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131827901"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031216442","display_name":"Pascal Vivet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7413-8243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Vivet","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, Grenoble, France","CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111942024","display_name":"Jean-Philippe Colonna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020098449","display_name":"CEA Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/02mg6n827","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150049","display_name":"Laboratoire d'\u00c9lectronique des Technologies de l'Information","ror":"https://ror.org/04mf0wv34","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210117989","https://openalex.org/I4210150049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Philippe Colonna","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, Grenoble, France","CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043087502","display_name":"P. Coudrain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1727-4529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131827901","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/00wm3b005","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104693","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/01c74sd89","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210104693"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Perceval Coudrain","raw_affiliation_strings":["STMicroelectronics, France","STMicroelectronics - 850 rue Jean Monnet 38926 Crolles, FRANCE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics - 850 rue Jean Monnet 38926 Crolles, FRANCE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131827901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108043721","display_name":"Ricardo Reis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5781-5858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130442723","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/041yk2d64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Reis","raw_affiliation_strings":["PGMICRO-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil","PGMicro/UFRGS,Porto Alegre,RS,Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PGMICRO-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PGMicro/UFRGS,Porto Alegre,RS,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130442723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103294307"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I3020098449","https://openalex.org/I4210150049","https://openalex.org/I899635006"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2007,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59374477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"TS10.4.1","last_page":"TS10.4.4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11277","display_name":"Thermal properties of materials","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-management-of-electronic-devices-and-systems","display_name":"Thermal management of electronic devices and systems","score":0.7702763080596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Three-dimensional integrated circuit","score":0.6854090690612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-conductivity","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","score":0.6851110458374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6821429133415222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hotspot","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","score":0.6816336512565613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissipation","display_name":"Dissipation","score":0.6496131420135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphite","display_name":"Graphite","score":0.5813905596733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.48809659481048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.4753287136554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon","display_name":"Silicon","score":0.4136425256729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4036449193954468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.34165459871292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32902297377586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2864929437637329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.18100449442863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1786963939666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.065691739320755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114834414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15477170","display_name":"Thermal management of electronic devices and systems","level":2,"score":0.7702763080596924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59088047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229370","display_name":"Three-dimensional integrated circuit","level":3,"score":0.6854090690612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97346530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487005","display_name":"Thermal conductivity","level":2,"score":0.6851110458374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6821429133415222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146481406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105131","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6816336512565613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135402231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898440","display_name":"Dissipation","level":2,"score":0.6496131420135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779698641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5309","display_name":"Graphite","level":2,"score":0.5813905596733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.48809659481048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4753287136554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.4136425256729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4036449193954468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34165459871292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32902297377586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2864929437637329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.18100449442863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1786963939666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.065691739320755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/3dic.2015.7334618","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2015.7334618","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525600521","https://openalex.org/W1975070103","https://openalex.org/W1993634773","https://openalex.org/W2007624499","https://openalex.org/W2033515476","https://openalex.org/W2080031138","https://openalex.org/W2098463182","https://openalex.org/W2154650683","https://openalex.org/W2169219063","https://openalex.org/W6682917797"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016970881","https://openalex.org/W2066200948","https://openalex.org/W2786493094","https://openalex.org/W4399621287","https://openalex.org/W2888620174","https://openalex.org/W2140614965","https://openalex.org/W3001671786","https://openalex.org/W2333804548","https://openalex.org/W1990828594","https://openalex.org/W3093450488"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Heat":[0],"dissipation":[1,30,55],"is":[2,94,116],"frequently":[3],"pointed":[4],"as":[5],"one":[6],"of":[7,32,46,82,108,135],"the":[8,12,28,33,44,52,77,83,140],"main":[9],"challenges":[10],"in":[11,57,123,139],"promising":[13],"3D":[14,34,59,73,124,130],"integration":[15,112],"technology.":[16],"The":[17],"very":[18],"thin":[19],"dies":[20],"required":[21],"to":[22,50,75,91,137],"integrate":[23],"high":[24,64],"density":[25],"TSVs":[26],"reduce":[27],"heat":[29,48,79],"capacity":[31,81],"stack":[35],"and":[36,68,97,111],"may":[37],"provoke":[38],"exacerbated":[39],"hotpots.":[40],"This":[41],"work":[42],"investigates":[43],"use":[45],"graphite-based":[47],"spreaders":[49],"mitigate":[51],"strong":[53],"hotspot":[54,121],"issues":[56],"advanced":[58],"ICs.":[60,125],"Graphite-based":[61],"materials":[62],"present":[63],"in-plane":[65],"thermal":[66,101],"conductivity":[67],"can":[69],"be":[70],"integrated":[71],"into":[72],"stacks":[74],"compensate":[76],"poor":[78],"spreading":[80],"thinned":[84],"silicon":[85],"dies.":[86],"Silicon":[87],"measurements":[88],"are":[89],"used":[90],"confirm":[92],"this":[93,115],"a":[95,106,128,133],"feasible":[96],"effective":[98,118],"method":[99],"for":[100,105,120,127],"management.":[102],"Numerical":[103],"simulations":[104],"variety":[107],"circuit,":[109],"application":[110],"configurations":[113],"indicate":[114,132],"an":[117],"approach":[119],"mitigation":[122],"Results":[126],"memory-on-logic":[129],"circuit":[131],"reduction":[134],"up":[136],"40%":[138],"peak":[141],"temperature.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
