{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998188081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026931","title":"GENERATION OF EQUIFREQUENT GROUPS OF WORDS USING A GENETIC ALGORITHM","display_name":"GENERATION OF EQUIFREQUENT GROUPS OF WORDS USING A GENETIC ALGORITHM","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998188081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026931","mag":"1998188081"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/eb026931","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026931","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10082577","display_name":"Journal of Documentation","issn_l":"0022-0418","issn":["0022-0418","1758-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Documentation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100809002","display_name":"Alexander M. Robertson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ALEXANDER M. ROBERTSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Sheffield S10 2TN","(Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Sheffield, S10 2TN)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Sheffield S10 2TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Sheffield, S10 2TN)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102885255","display_name":"Peter Willett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4591-7173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PETER WILLETT","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Sheffield S10 2TN","(Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Sheffield, S10 2TN)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Sheffield S10 2TN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield Sheffield, S10 2TN)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.561,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73515363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"3","first_page":"213","last_page":"232"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.6459692120552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6325311064720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6043685674667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5713716745376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5656715631484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromosome","display_name":"Chromosome","score":0.5226021409034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-algorithm","display_name":"Cultural algorithm","score":0.426730751991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkish","display_name":"Turkish","score":0.4123288691043854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-based-incremental-learning","display_name":"Population-based incremental learning","score":0.403156042098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35511112213134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3285216689109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2166357934474945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09694036841392517}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6459692120552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6325311064720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6043685674667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5713716745376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5656715631484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30481170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37748","display_name":"Chromosome","level":3,"score":0.5226021409034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5536111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5193250","display_name":"Cultural algorithm","level":4,"score":0.426730751991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256","display_name":"Turkish","level":2,"score":0.4123288691043854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184497298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7229773","display_name":"Population-based incremental learning","level":3,"score":0.403156042098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35511112213134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3285216689109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2166357934474945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09694036841392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/eb026931","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026931","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10082577","display_name":"Journal of Documentation","issn_l":"0022-0418","issn":["0022-0418","1758-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Documentation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127942951","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1639032689","https://openalex.org/W1650670033","https://openalex.org/W1966725648","https://openalex.org/W1976125456","https://openalex.org/W1980356063","https://openalex.org/W1988755611","https://openalex.org/W1999644978","https://openalex.org/W2002855154","https://openalex.org/W2007550088","https://openalex.org/W2042266174","https://openalex.org/W2042704421","https://openalex.org/W2046203858","https://openalex.org/W2055344500","https://openalex.org/W2059287564","https://openalex.org/W2071550620","https://openalex.org/W2074397232","https://openalex.org/W2079656678","https://openalex.org/W2088368893","https://openalex.org/W2095208338","https://openalex.org/W2104826134","https://openalex.org/W2142183404","https://openalex.org/W2159916832","https://openalex.org/W2163219130","https://openalex.org/W2166843422","https://openalex.org/W3093462213","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2373079942","https://openalex.org/W2369480021","https://openalex.org/W2064754602","https://openalex.org/W2031035514","https://openalex.org/W2365102447","https://openalex.org/W2376671918","https://openalex.org/W2375052855","https://openalex.org/W2372098157","https://openalex.org/W2385808795","https://openalex.org/W4287846230"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Genetic":[0],"algorithms":[1,7],"are":[2,91],"a":[3,39,59],"class":[4],"of":[5,32,48,58,65],"non\u2010deterministic":[6,86],"that":[8,14,34,53,71],"derive":[9],"from":[10],"Darwinian":[11],"evolution":[12],"and":[13,67],"provide":[15],"good,":[16],"though":[17],"not":[18],"necessarily":[19],"optimal,":[20],"solutions":[21],"to":[22,29,81,93],"combinatorial":[23],"problems.":[24],"We":[25],"describe":[26],"their":[27],"application":[28],"the":[30,46,49,56,72,89],"identification":[31],"characteristics":[33],"occur":[35],"approximately":[36],"equifrequently":[37],"in":[38],"database,":[40],"using":[41],"two":[42],"different":[43],"methods":[44],"for":[45],"creation":[47],"chromosome":[50],"data":[51],"structures":[52],"lie":[54],"at":[55],"heart":[57],"genetic":[60,73],"algorithm.":[61,100],"Experiments":[62],"with":[63],"files":[64],"English":[66],"Turkish":[68],"text":[69],"suggest":[70],"algorithm":[74],"developed":[75],"here":[76],"can":[77],"produce":[78],"results":[79,90],"superior":[80],"those":[82,94],"produced":[83,95],"by":[84,96],"existing":[85,98],"algorithms;":[87],"however,":[88],"inferior":[92],"an":[97],"deterministic":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}