{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2094340369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03684921111160232","title":"When is analog? When is digital?","display_name":"When is analog? When is digital?","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2094340369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03684921111160232","mag":"2094340369"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/03684921111160232","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03684921111160232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168682784","display_name":"Kybernetes","issn_l":"0368-492X","issn":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kybernetes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044941545","display_name":"T.R. Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-0478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Architecture, Xi'an Jiaotong\u2010Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","Department of Architecture, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture, Xi'an Jiaotong\u2010Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044941545"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1305,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96020638,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"7/8","first_page":"1004","last_page":"1014"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13308","display_name":"Cybernetics and Technology in Society","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13308","display_name":"Cybernetics and Technology in Society","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11883","display_name":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14394","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","score":0.9347000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6929528713226318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.6799674034118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cybernetics","display_name":"Cybernetics","score":0.6527469754219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-device","display_name":"Analog device","score":0.5540845394134521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/originality","display_name":"Originality","score":0.5354722738265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-signal","display_name":"Analog signal","score":0.477977454662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.46331098675727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.44159871339797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-computer","display_name":"Analog computer","score":0.4202273190021515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-signal-processing","display_name":"Analog signal processing","score":0.4119245409965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.34920716285705566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3108939528465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.16698011755943298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16354796290397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15109384059906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.14612635970115662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11731421947479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creativity","display_name":"Creativity","score":0.11138391494750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.07978817820549011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6929528713226318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.6799674034118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115286129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123637","display_name":"Cybernetics","level":2,"score":0.6527469754219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90711627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3742408","display_name":"Analog device","level":4,"score":0.5540845394134521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914681","display_name":"Originality","level":3,"score":0.5354722738265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13412647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174948","display_name":"Analog signal","level":3,"score":0.477977454662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46331098675727844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44159871339797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90915687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63759","display_name":"Analog computer","level":2,"score":0.4202273190021515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C379707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2328303","display_name":"Analog signal processing","level":4,"score":0.4119245409965515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.34920716285705566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3108939528465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.16698011755943298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16354796290397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15109384059906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.14612635970115662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11731421947479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.11138391494750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.07978817820549011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/03684921111160232","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03684921111160232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168682784","display_name":"Kybernetes","issn_l":"0368-492X","issn":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kybernetes","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W560028868","https://openalex.org/W614562418","https://openalex.org/W646560296","https://openalex.org/W647727089","https://openalex.org/W1620479424","https://openalex.org/W1861876464","https://openalex.org/W1983320853","https://openalex.org/W2002993931","https://openalex.org/W2008358008","https://openalex.org/W2010793828","https://openalex.org/W2056420802","https://openalex.org/W2061001793","https://openalex.org/W2068542159","https://openalex.org/W2075738094","https://openalex.org/W2334071107","https://openalex.org/W2406051948","https://openalex.org/W2486960290","https://openalex.org/W2487844875","https://openalex.org/W2504114436","https://openalex.org/W2964378181","https://openalex.org/W3023448671","https://openalex.org/W3145637508","https://openalex.org/W3215654546","https://openalex.org/W4236832189","https://openalex.org/W4239843412","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300696262","https://openalex.org/W4301857876","https://openalex.org/W6804939655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987033534","https://openalex.org/W4383340353","https://openalex.org/W4234945196","https://openalex.org/W3022717438","https://openalex.org/W1511245507","https://openalex.org/W3047246479","https://openalex.org/W2331230179","https://openalex.org/W589205028","https://openalex.org/W1952069097","https://openalex.org/W74857428"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"The":[1,126,154,178],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,12,28,39,45,117,143,152,183,194],"this":[4],"paper":[5],"is":[6,51,99,129,157],"to":[7,87,160],"present":[8],"a":[9,19,84,115],"cybernetic":[10],"way":[11],"seeing":[13],"analog":[14,33,94,138,164,187],"and":[15,34,67,104,110,131,139,165,175],"digital":[16,35,52,140,167,189],"along":[17],"with":[18],"basic":[20,85],"vocabulary":[21,86,98],"for":[22,107,162,192],"discussing":[23,108],"assumptions":[24,74],"underlying":[25],"the":[26,78,163,166],"use":[27,61],"both":[29],"terms.":[30,63,80],"Design/methodology/approach":[31],"Taking":[32],"not":[36,49],"as":[37,43,93,141,150,186,201],"properties":[38,44,142,151],"observed":[40,144],"phenomena":[41],"but":[42,55],"observers,":[46],"I":[47,57,60,64,71,82,91,120],"ask":[48],"what":[50,56,70],"or":[53,95,188],"analog,":[54],"do":[58],"when":[59,76],"these":[62,195],"analyze":[65],"introspectively,":[66],"report":[68],"on,":[69],"think":[72],"my":[73],"are":[75,147],"using":[77],"two":[79],"Findings":[81],"develop":[83],"describe":[88,92],"engagements":[89,184],"that":[90,181],"digital.":[96],"This":[97],"applicable":[100],"beyond":[101],"technical":[102],"contexts":[103],"suitable":[105],"also":[106],"social":[109],"creative":[111],"processes.":[112],"It":[113],"includes":[114],"kind":[116],"observer":[118],"who":[119,199],"call":[121],"matchmaker":[122],".":[123],"Research":[124],"limitations/implications":[125],"presented":[127,155],"research":[128],"preliminary":[130],"subjective.":[132],"Originality/value":[133],"While":[134],"previous":[135],"discussions":[136,182],"consider":[137],"phenomena,":[145],"they":[146],"considered":[148],"here":[149],"observers.":[153],"discussion":[156],"sufficiently":[158],"abstract":[159],"account":[161,191],"at":[168],"various":[169],"scales,":[170],"including":[171,197],"electronic":[172],"signal":[173],"processing":[174],"human":[176],"interaction.":[177],"author":[179],"argues":[180],"described":[185],"must":[190],"observers":[193],"engagements,":[196],"those":[198],"act":[200],"their":[202],"matchmakers.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}