{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160259742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/k-11-2020-0787","title":"Forecasting annual foreign tourist arrivals to China by incorporating firefly algorithm into fractional non-homogenous discrete Grey model","display_name":"Forecasting annual foreign tourist arrivals to China by incorporating firefly algorithm into fractional non-homogenous discrete Grey model","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160259742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/k-11-2020-0787","mag":"3160259742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/k-11-2020-0787","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/k-11-2020-0787","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168682784","display_name":"Kybernetes","issn_l":"0368-492X","issn":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kybernetes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080868141","display_name":"Xiaozhong Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaozhong Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China and Department of Industry and Finance, Huangshan Vocational and Technical College, Huangshan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China and Department of Industry and Finance, Huangshan Vocational and Technical College, Huangshan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066476486","display_name":"Naiming Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7368-1746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naiming Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078663740","display_name":"Aqin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3843-2987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aqin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080868141"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85755369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"2","first_page":"676","last_page":"693"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12368","display_name":"Grey System Theory Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12368","display_name":"Grey System Theory Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism","display_name":"Tourism","score":0.7696905732154846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firefly-protocol","display_name":"Firefly protocol","score":0.7355162501335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firefly-algorithm","display_name":"Firefly algorithm","score":0.7297319769859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6051769256591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.5535580515861511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/originality","display_name":"Originality","score":0.5223703980445862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.4832528233528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.43077558279037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.38946399092674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.25482791662216187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2210482358932495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.15020573139190674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.13600212335586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.11774516105651855}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.7696905732154846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107477482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22570039","display_name":"Firefly protocol","level":2,"score":0.7355162501335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154982244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451844","display_name":"Firefly algorithm","level":3,"score":0.7297319769859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6051769256591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5535580515861511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914681","display_name":"Originality","level":3,"score":0.5223703980445862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4832528233528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43077558279037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.38946399092674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.25482791662216187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2210482358932495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.15020573139190674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13600212335586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.11774516105651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/k-11-2020-0787","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/k-11-2020-0787","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168682784","display_name":"Kybernetes","issn_l":"0368-492X","issn":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kybernetes","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1038970985","https://openalex.org/W1492274190","https://openalex.org/W1523741643","https://openalex.org/W1908656564","https://openalex.org/W1967495926","https://openalex.org/W1983147111","https://openalex.org/W1984763673","https://openalex.org/W1991732503","https://openalex.org/W1992665910","https://openalex.org/W1995420366","https://openalex.org/W2001196400","https://openalex.org/W2002999449","https://openalex.org/W2006746888","https://openalex.org/W2007666989","https://openalex.org/W2007677986","https://openalex.org/W2010696237","https://openalex.org/W2013377700","https://openalex.org/W2014615732","https://openalex.org/W2025391890","https://openalex.org/W2028702910","https://openalex.org/W2029624237","https://openalex.org/W2032108831","https://openalex.org/W2034201819","https://openalex.org/W2039918975","https://openalex.org/W2043792085","https://openalex.org/W2051231193","https://openalex.org/W2067552154","https://openalex.org/W2073681501","https://openalex.org/W2074080256","https://openalex.org/W2084931623","https://openalex.org/W2119712504","https://openalex.org/W2123165578","https://openalex.org/W2128463999","https://openalex.org/W2139840437","https://openalex.org/W2166155124","https://openalex.org/W2365932531","https://openalex.org/W2709536768","https://openalex.org/W2750225447","https://openalex.org/W2792214622","https://openalex.org/W2793266273","https://openalex.org/W2794142122","https://openalex.org/W2887719172","https://openalex.org/W2917020130","https://openalex.org/W2939264787","https://openalex.org/W2965480143","https://openalex.org/W2967408895","https://openalex.org/W2989737591","https://openalex.org/W3019753772","https://openalex.org/W3033045701","https://openalex.org/W3126014112"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2222304693","https://openalex.org/W2490269892","https://openalex.org/W4200439108","https://openalex.org/W2940563633","https://openalex.org/W2757862489","https://openalex.org/W2411884393","https://openalex.org/W2138097482","https://openalex.org/W2984874436","https://openalex.org/W2912808862","https://openalex.org/W2890875110"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"Accurate":[1],"foreign":[2,97],"tourist":[3,98],"arrivals":[4,99],"forecasting":[5,57,155],"can":[6,122,147],"help":[7],"public":[8],"and":[9,17,65,121,146],"private":[10],"sectors":[11],"to":[12,28,100,104],"formulate":[13],"scientific":[14],"tourism":[15,23,39,55,135],"planning":[16],"improve":[18],"the":[19,30,43,71,78,88,106,109,116,130,156],"allocation":[20],"efficiency":[21],"of":[22,32,36,45,77,95,108,132,159],"resources.":[24],"This":[25],"paper":[26,143],"aims":[27],"address":[29],"problem":[31],"low":[33],"prediction":[34,131],"accuracy":[35],"Chinese":[37,53,133,160],"inbound":[38,54,134,161],"demand":[40,56],"caused":[41],"by":[42,87],"lack":[44],"valid":[46],"historical":[47],"data.":[48],"Design/methodology/approach":[49],"A":[50],"novel":[51],"hybrid":[52],"model":[58,64,83],"combining":[59],"fractional":[60,79],"non-homogenous":[61,80],"discrete":[62,81],"grey":[63,82],"firefly":[66,89],"algorithm":[67],"is":[68,119,144],"constructed.":[69],"In":[70],"proposed":[72,110,117,140],"model,":[73],"all":[74],"adjustable":[75],"parameters":[76],"are":[84,102],"optimized":[85],"simultaneously":[86],"algorithm.":[90],"Findings":[91],"The":[92,138],"data":[93],"sets":[94],"annual":[96],"China":[101],"used":[103,124,149],"verify":[105],"validity":[107],"model.":[111],"Experimental":[112],"results":[113],"show":[114],"that":[115],"method":[118,139],"effective":[120,145],"be":[123,148],"as":[125,150],"a":[126,151],"useful":[127],"predictor":[128],"for":[129,154],"demand.":[136],"Originality/value":[137],"in":[141],"this":[142],"feasible":[152],"approach":[153],"development":[157],"trend":[158],"tourism.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}