{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210569313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/k-09-2021-0831","title":"Do leaders have an influence on strengthening entrepreneurial orientation? Empirical evidence from SMEs of Turkish techno-parks","display_name":"Do leaders have an influence on strengthening entrepreneurial orientation? Empirical evidence from SMEs of Turkish techno-parks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210569313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/k-09-2021-0831"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/k-09-2021-0831","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/k-09-2021-0831","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168682784","display_name":"Kybernetes","issn_l":"0368-492X","issn":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kybernetes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091425129","display_name":"Birol Baysak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3258-7988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4101805","display_name":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0547yzj13","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Birol Baysak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017884731","display_name":"Serdar Bozkurt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4745-9965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4101805","display_name":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0547yzj13","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serdar Bozkurt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053076808","display_name":"Ay\u015fe G\u00fcnsel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4427-7322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51826884","display_name":"Kocaeli \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0411seq30","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51826884"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ay\u015fe G\u00fcnsel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Management, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Management, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51826884"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091425129"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7662,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92442178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"6","first_page":"2118","last_page":"2144"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12786","display_name":"Innovation and Socioeconomic Development","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-orientation","display_name":"Entrepreneurial orientation","score":0.6952033042907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antecedent","display_name":"Antecedent (behavioral psychology)","score":0.6857698559761047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformational-leadership","display_name":"Transformational leadership","score":0.6195005178451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderation","display_name":"Moderation","score":0.6189547777175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6112149357795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation","display_name":"Mediation","score":0.609836220741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contingency","display_name":"Contingency","score":0.5823843479156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-leadership","display_name":"Entrepreneurial leadership","score":0.5268465280532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5148950815200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5084428191184998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","score":0.5074707865715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proactivity","display_name":"Proactivity","score":0.4555129408836365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contingency-theory","display_name":"Contingency theory","score":0.44014447927474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises","display_name":"Small and medium-sized enterprises","score":0.42521384358406067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sobel-test","display_name":"Sobel test","score":0.4213625490665436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-administration","display_name":"Business administration","score":0.3806977868080139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.37211787700653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.35981130599975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.25883519649505615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.19577136635780334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.1886122226715088}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780711244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908166","display_name":"Entrepreneurial orientation","level":3,"score":0.6952033042907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781256819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16828835","display_name":"Antecedent (behavioral psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6857698559761047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38775462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569376","display_name":"Transformational leadership","level":2,"score":0.6195005178451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.6189547777175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6112149357795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.609836220741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97508593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359069","display_name":"Contingency","level":2,"score":0.5823843479156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781061815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380748","display_name":"Entrepreneurial leadership","level":3,"score":0.5268465280532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5148950815200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5084428191184998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.5074707865715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142944206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786137","display_name":"Proactivity","level":2,"score":0.4555129408836365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60297154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434943","display_name":"Contingency theory","level":2,"score":0.44014447927474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48879800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622439","display_name":"Small and medium-sized enterprises","level":2,"score":0.42521384358406067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124936454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17086827","display_name":"Sobel test","level":3,"score":0.4213625490665436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178550888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2043282","display_name":"Business administration","level":1,"score":0.3806977868080139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.37211787700653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.35981130599975586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.25883519649505615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.19577136635780334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1886122226715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778319590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10981881","display_name":"Self-esteem","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/k-09-2021-0831","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/k-09-2021-0831","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168682784","display_name":"Kybernetes","issn_l":"0368-492X","issn":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kybernetes","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":117,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42432407","https://openalex.org/W74716836","https://openalex.org/W372843144","https://openalex.org/W1483929927","https://openalex.org/W1504515858","https://openalex.org/W1571210426","https://openalex.org/W1582511838","https://openalex.org/W1751677805","https://openalex.org/W1774460361","https://openalex.org/W1808272414","https://openalex.org/W1880091624","https://openalex.org/W1887533618","https://openalex.org/W1894085458","https://openalex.org/W1926329319","https://openalex.org/W1972075421","https://openalex.org/W1977046664","https://openalex.org/W1977856138","https://openalex.org/W1978399955","https://openalex.org/W1980022515","https://openalex.org/W1986765033","https://openalex.org/W1994898055","https://openalex.org/W1995354923","https://openalex.org/W1999533858","https://openalex.org/W2000058045","https://openalex.org/W2001859801","https://openalex.org/W2003579894","https://openalex.org/W2003937795","https://openalex.org/W2004081932","https://openalex.org/W2014029683","https://openalex.org/W2017739707","https://openalex.org/W2019954432","https://openalex.org/W2033843675","https://openalex.org/W2040473432","https://openalex.org/W2040499032","https://openalex.org/W2041204043","https://openalex.org/W2042012636","https://openalex.org/W2042861140","https://openalex.org/W2045312920","https://openalex.org/W2058703542","https://openalex.org/W2068438332","https://openalex.org/W2087633534","https://openalex.org/W2090552208","https://openalex.org/W2092709505","https://openalex.org/W2095376388","https://openalex.org/W2098685541","https://openalex.org/W2099687042","https://openalex.org/W2103460358","https://openalex.org/W2104057213","https://openalex.org/W2113168655","https://openalex.org/W2113978872","https://openalex.org/W2118157284","https://openalex.org/W2120338065","https://openalex.org/W2124087310","https://openalex.org/W2124791327","https://openalex.org/W2125134265","https://openalex.org/W2127709152","https://openalex.org/W2128301912","https://openalex.org/W2129013617","https://openalex.org/W2136106827","https://openalex.org/W2145088508","https://openalex.org/W2146618193","https://openalex.org/W2147146939","https://openalex.org/W2147469029","https://openalex.org/W2150232034","https://openalex.org/W2150238850","https://openalex.org/W2158044215","https://openalex.org/W2179065206","https://openalex.org/W2221589882","https://openalex.org/W2331224611","https://openalex.org/W2334894214","https://openalex.org/W2421070037","https://openalex.org/W2493055243","https://openalex.org/W2497863896","https://openalex.org/W2560720810","https://openalex.org/W2592824640","https://openalex.org/W2599855366","https://openalex.org/W2618973120","https://openalex.org/W2752120384","https://openalex.org/W2757945122","https://openalex.org/W2766009249","https://openalex.org/W2769625281","https://openalex.org/W2782037612","https://openalex.org/W2782627336","https://openalex.org/W2793367438","https://openalex.org/W2806786579","https://openalex.org/W2807303614","https://openalex.org/W2810501650","https://openalex.org/W2886027061","https://openalex.org/W2892527990","https://openalex.org/W2898537837","https://openalex.org/W2898760570","https://openalex.org/W2898804222","https://openalex.org/W2903094075","https://openalex.org/W2908199803","https://openalex.org/W2909503061","https://openalex.org/W2913603531","https://openalex.org/W2918396513","https://openalex.org/W2975631783","https://openalex.org/W2989992198","https://openalex.org/W2998471082","https://openalex.org/W3000228309","https://openalex.org/W3001470405","https://openalex.org/W3008357833","https://openalex.org/W3011675127","https://openalex.org/W3031120491","https://openalex.org/W3083130549","https://openalex.org/W3121501521","https://openalex.org/W3121643022","https://openalex.org/W3121944673","https://openalex.org/W3123545008","https://openalex.org/W3125027228","https://openalex.org/W3125120099","https://openalex.org/W3127360051","https://openalex.org/W3154941804","https://openalex.org/W4206703266","https://openalex.org/W4235678817","https://openalex.org/W4292811746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3178936748","https://openalex.org/W1972003237","https://openalex.org/W2091662534","https://openalex.org/W2949035710","https://openalex.org/W3184552684","https://openalex.org/W2371690304","https://openalex.org/W4323356649","https://openalex.org/W2554801334","https://openalex.org/W4311738241","https://openalex.org/W4210569313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"In":[1,67],"this":[2,68],"study,":[3,71],"the":[4,9,35,46,53,64,89,95,100,121,127,136,148,153,188,206,210,213,215,250,257,263,293,320,323,341,355],"authors":[5,96,137],"aim":[6,62],"to":[7,98,119,146,234,243,279],"test":[8],"reflections":[10],"of":[11,37,39,48,63,76,103,124,150,170,196,252,265,322,343,346],"two":[12],"so-called":[13],"universal":[14],"leadership":[15,18,22,130,299,359],"styles":[16],"-paternalistic":[17],"(PL)":[19],"and":[20,28,57,79,105,109,132,157,202,219,237,246,259,297,302,312,317,360],"transformational":[21,296],"(TL)-":[23],"on":[24,30,52,87,107,111,126,152,185,340,357],"entrepreneurial":[25,186],"orientation":[26,362],"(EO)":[27],"ultimately":[29,110],"firm":[31,58,133,158,176,203,220,247,303],"performance":[32,59,248,304],"(FP)":[33],"within":[34,249,305],"context":[36,251,278,308],"SMEs":[38,342],"a":[40,74,116,140,167,182,197,226,275,282,289,334,347,364],"developing":[41,348],"country,":[42],"Turkey.":[43],"Moreover,":[44,113,205],"examining":[45],"contingency":[47,149],"uncertainty":[49],"avoidance":[50],"(UA)":[51],"relationship":[54,128,154,199,216],"between":[55,129,155,200,217],"EO":[56,108,125,156,171,218,301],"is":[60,166],"another":[61],"study.":[65],"Design/methodology/approach":[66],"explanatory":[69],"cross-sectional":[70],"by":[72],"studying":[73],"dataset":[75],"345":[77],"small":[78],"medium-sized":[80],"(SME)":[81],"Techno-park":[82,344],"companies":[83],"in":[84,174,194,281,309,333,337,363],"Turkey":[85],"based":[86],"using":[88],"Partial":[90],"Least":[91],"Squares":[92],"(PLS)":[93],"method,":[94],"try":[97],"examine":[99],"antecedent":[101,169],"role":[102,123],"PL":[104,180,201],"TL":[106,165,227],"FP.":[112],"we":[114],"followed":[115],"mediation":[117],"procedure":[118],"reveal":[120],"mediator":[122],"style":[131],"performance.":[134,159,177,204,221],"Finally,":[135],"also":[138],"conducted":[139],"moderation":[141],"analysis":[142],"through":[143],"SmartPLS":[144],"3.0":[145],"explore":[147],"UA":[151,307],"Findings":[160],"Study":[161],"results":[162,173,189],"indicate":[163,208],"that":[164,172,209],"significant":[168,198],"higher":[175,211],"However,":[178],"while":[179],"has":[181,329],"negative":[183],"impact":[184],"orientation,":[187],"provide":[190],"no":[191,326],"statistical":[192],"evidence":[193],"support":[195],"findings":[207,352],"UA,":[212],"weaker":[214],"Practical":[222],"implications":[223],"Managers,":[224],"following":[225],"approach,":[228],"can":[229],"successfully":[230],"encourage":[231],"their":[232],"subordinates":[233],"be":[235],"innovative":[236],"creative.":[238],"Transformational":[239],"leaders":[240],"are":[241],"conducive":[242],"both":[244],"entrepreneurship":[245,361],"technology-based":[253],"startups.":[254],"Besides,":[255],"avoiding":[256],"risks":[258],"uncertainties":[260],"naturally":[261],"weakens":[262],"consequences":[264],"EO.":[266],"Hence,":[267],"EO,":[268],"as":[269],"an":[270,306],"essential":[271],"intangible":[272],"resource,":[273],"requires":[274],"proper":[276],"cultural":[277,365],"result":[280],"competitive":[283],"advantage.":[284],"Originality/value":[285],"This":[286],"research":[287],"provides":[288],"comprehensive":[290],"understanding":[291],"regarding":[292],"interrelationships":[294],"amongst":[295],"paternalist":[298,358],"styles,":[300],"Small":[310],"Business":[311],"Technology":[313],"Development":[314],"Centers":[315],"(SBTDCs)":[316],"Techno-parks.":[318],"To":[319],"best":[321],"authors'":[324],"knowledge,":[325],"other":[327],"researcher":[328],"studied":[330],"those":[331],"links":[332],"holistic":[335],"manner":[336],"general,":[338],"particularly":[339],"firms":[345],"Eastern":[349],"country.":[350],"The":[351],"significantly":[353],"enrich":[354],"literature":[356],"context.":[366]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T08:04:53.788161","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
