{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391068899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jices-04-2023-0061","title":"Blockchain\u2019s double-edged sword: thematic review of illegal activities using blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain\u2019s double-edged sword: thematic review of illegal activities using blockchain","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391068899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jices-04-2023-0061"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/jices-04-2023-0061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jices-04-2023-0061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102320310","display_name":"Journal of Information Communication and Ethics in Society","issn_l":"1477-996X","issn":["1477-996X","1758-8871"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016732794","display_name":"Shreya Sangal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7423-1280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shreya Sangal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Birla Institute of Technology and Science \u2013 Pilani Campus, Pilani, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Birla Institute of Technology and Science \u2013 Pilani Campus, Pilani, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093755799","display_name":"Gaurav Duggal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Duggal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science \u2013 Pilani Campus, Pilani, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science \u2013 Pilani Campus, Pilani, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041207096","display_name":"Achint Nigam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2191-789X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74796645","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani","ror":"https://ror.org/001p3jz28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Achint Nigam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Birla Institute of Technology and Science \u2013 Pilani Campus, Pilani, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Birla Institute of Technology and Science \u2013 Pilani Campus, Pilani, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8267,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94915573,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"58","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9775999784469604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-analysis","display_name":"Thematic analysis","score":0.6043749451637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/originality","display_name":"Originality","score":0.6030662655830383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6002148985862732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.577730119228363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.48678895831108093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity-theft","display_name":"Identity theft","score":0.4762037992477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sword","display_name":"SWORD","score":0.4680357277393341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.43290814757347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.34321489930152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.29026955366134644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.22242525219917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.16865026950836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.0800524353981018}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.6043749451637268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914681","display_name":"Originality","level":3,"score":0.6030662655830383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6002148985862732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.577730119228363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.48678895831108093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522325796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471880","display_name":"Identity theft","level":2,"score":0.4762037992477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781424646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7395200","display_name":"SWORD","level":2,"score":0.4680357277393341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43290814757347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.34321489930152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29026955366134644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.22242525219917297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.16865026950836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0800524353981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/jices-04-2023-0061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jices-04-2023-0061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S102320310","display_name":"Journal of Information Communication and Ethics in Society","issn_l":"1477-996X","issn":["1477-996X","1758-8871"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W948575954","https://openalex.org/W2005501262","https://openalex.org/W2282667504","https://openalex.org/W2536137494","https://openalex.org/W2560176646","https://openalex.org/W2560827886","https://openalex.org/W2773439696","https://openalex.org/W2776699744","https://openalex.org/W2785973119","https://openalex.org/W2801216993","https://openalex.org/W2805685755","https://openalex.org/W2807717923","https://openalex.org/W2897553076","https://openalex.org/W2914551363","https://openalex.org/W2928980918","https://openalex.org/W2942728808","https://openalex.org/W2946378485","https://openalex.org/W2955589556","https://openalex.org/W2960902621","https://openalex.org/W2964563739","https://openalex.org/W2972323910","https://openalex.org/W2981612154","https://openalex.org/W2993233021","https://openalex.org/W3004676743","https://openalex.org/W3005587866","https://openalex.org/W3013498107","https://openalex.org/W3029999400","https://openalex.org/W3031012143","https://openalex.org/W3033572638","https://openalex.org/W3034424816","https://openalex.org/W3035480952","https://openalex.org/W3039635457","https://openalex.org/W3039811299","https://openalex.org/W3082441216","https://openalex.org/W3089589649","https://openalex.org/W3094035445","https://openalex.org/W3100776503","https://openalex.org/W3123114342","https://openalex.org/W3133805792","https://openalex.org/W3134740534","https://openalex.org/W3136154164","https://openalex.org/W3150619148","https://openalex.org/W3152617045","https://openalex.org/W3161687493","https://openalex.org/W3168216493","https://openalex.org/W3177405077","https://openalex.org/W3178631472","https://openalex.org/W3183222930","https://openalex.org/W3184966670","https://openalex.org/W3200977906","https://openalex.org/W3205328391","https://openalex.org/W3211252547","https://openalex.org/W4205498077","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4214667959","https://openalex.org/W4214723689","https://openalex.org/W4220836462","https://openalex.org/W4280516690","https://openalex.org/W4281746309","https://openalex.org/W4283372506","https://openalex.org/W4283738729","https://openalex.org/W4285020329","https://openalex.org/W4286728199","https://openalex.org/W4288488990","https://openalex.org/W4292253853","https://openalex.org/W4294700350","https://openalex.org/W4296455816","https://openalex.org/W4309000434","https://openalex.org/W4313207641","https://openalex.org/W4313419922","https://openalex.org/W4313527449","https://openalex.org/W4313551937","https://openalex.org/W4316660225","https://openalex.org/W4318485324","https://openalex.org/W4321020787","https://openalex.org/W4321225528","https://openalex.org/W4324378737","https://openalex.org/W4386090483","https://openalex.org/W4386224002","https://openalex.org/W4399848228"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4388437661","https://openalex.org/W3144335818","https://openalex.org/W2798475058","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W4255153174","https://openalex.org/W2807752174","https://openalex.org/W4248271783","https://openalex.org/W4254099759"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"The":[1,43],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,14,21,48,64,142],"this":[4,81,147,164],"research":[5,116,127,157],"paper":[6],"is":[7],"to":[8,28,51,58,69,139],"review":[9,47,63],"and":[10,40,103,121,160],"synthesize":[11],"the":[12,65,83,86,91,104,110,118,130,140,143],"role":[13],"blockchain":[15,55],"technology":[16],"(BCT)":[17],"in":[18,163],"various":[19],"types":[20],"illegal":[22,52,73,93,131],"activities,":[23],"including":[24],"but":[25],"not":[26],"limited":[27],"fraud,":[29],"money":[30],"laundering,":[31],"ransomware":[32],"attacks,":[33],"firearms,":[34],"drug":[35],"tracking,":[36],"cyberattacks,":[37],"identity":[38],"theft":[39],"scams.":[41],"Design/methodology/approach":[42],"authors":[44,84,111],"conducted":[45,76],"a":[46,61,136,152],"studies":[49],"related":[50],"activities":[53,74,94,132],"using":[54,77,96,117,133],"from":[56],"2015":[57],"2023.":[59],"Next,":[60],"thematic":[62,137],"literature":[66],"was":[67],"performed":[68,95],"see":[70],"how":[71],"these":[72],"were":[75],"BCT.":[78],"Findings":[79],"Through":[80],"study,":[82],"identify":[85],"relevant":[87],"themes":[88],"that":[89],"highlight":[90],"major":[92],"BCT,":[97],"its":[98],"possible":[99],"steps":[100],"for":[101,106,114,155,158],"prevention":[102],"opportunities":[105],"future":[107,115,156],"developments.":[108],"Finally,":[109],"provide":[112],"suggestions":[113],"theory,":[119],"context":[120],"method":[122],"framework.":[123],"Originality/value":[124],"No":[125],"other":[126],"has":[128],"synthesized":[129],"BCT":[134],"through":[135],"approach":[138],"best":[141],"authors\u2019":[144],"knowledge.":[145],"Hence,":[146],"study":[148],"will":[149],"act":[150],"as":[151],"starting":[153],"point":[154],"academic":[159],"technical":[161],"practitioners":[162],"area.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}