{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2748587081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-04-2016-0090","title":"Flexible work practices and the firm\u2019s need for external orientation","display_name":"Flexible work practices and the firm\u2019s need for external orientation","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2748587081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-04-2016-0090","mag":"2748587081"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/jeim-04-2016-0090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-04-2016-0090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141478581","display_name":"Journal of Enterprise Information Management","issn_l":"1741-0398","issn":["1741-0398","1758-7409"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Enterprise Information Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019803576","display_name":"Paolo Neirotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2669-7072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Neirotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090330865","display_name":"Elisabetta Raguseo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0305-5739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68666633","display_name":"Grenoble Ecole de Management","ror":"https://ror.org/01h4fxd96","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68666633"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisabetta Raguseo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Grenoble Ecole de Management, Rue Pierre Semard, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grenoble Ecole de Management, Rue Pierre Semard, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68666633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000768502","display_name":"Emilio Paolucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1249-8179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emilio Paolucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3574,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.851053,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"6","first_page":"922","last_page":"943"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12594","display_name":"Collaboration in agile enterprises","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12594","display_name":"Collaboration in agile enterprises","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11912","display_name":"Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9663000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.7038841247558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6961475610733032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.6129003763198853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.6007429361343384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5779165029525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.4946460425853729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extant-taxon","display_name":"Extant taxon","score":0.48679277300834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises","display_name":"Small and medium-sized enterprises","score":0.48052486777305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-advantage","display_name":"Competitive advantage","score":0.4608570635318756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.4446679353713989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.28433454036712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12292537093162537}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7038841247558594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6961475610733032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6129003763198853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.6007429361343384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5779165029525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4946460425853729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178300618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1898509","display_name":"Extant taxon","level":2,"score":0.48679277300834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48879800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622439","display_name":"Small and medium-sized enterprises","level":2,"score":0.48052486777305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.4608570635318756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4446679353713989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28433454036712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12292537093162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/jeim-04-2016-0090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-04-2016-0090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141478581","display_name":"Journal of Enterprise Information Management","issn_l":"1741-0398","issn":["1741-0398","1758-7409"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Enterprise Information Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W347679535","https://openalex.org/W629346828","https://openalex.org/W1491477619","https://openalex.org/W1516086539","https://openalex.org/W1524237663","https://openalex.org/W1569995930","https://openalex.org/W1573143678","https://openalex.org/W1725030842","https://openalex.org/W1813005377","https://openalex.org/W1829605891","https://openalex.org/W1918585835","https://openalex.org/W1972047171","https://openalex.org/W1974643474","https://openalex.org/W1983719066","https://openalex.org/W1992324015","https://openalex.org/W2000794461","https://openalex.org/W2011260615","https://openalex.org/W2012188252","https://openalex.org/W2017775331","https://openalex.org/W2025718807","https://openalex.org/W2034368702","https://openalex.org/W2035477670","https://openalex.org/W2062888282","https://openalex.org/W2065052994","https://openalex.org/W2070047854","https://openalex.org/W2074841411","https://openalex.org/W2079477989","https://openalex.org/W2079644336","https://openalex.org/W2080559539","https://openalex.org/W2083458406","https://openalex.org/W2095863122","https://openalex.org/W2097685309","https://openalex.org/W2109602748","https://openalex.org/W2116650986","https://openalex.org/W2116924058","https://openalex.org/W2122465344","https://openalex.org/W2123771701","https://openalex.org/W2134342208","https://openalex.org/W2137794990","https://openalex.org/W2139603331","https://openalex.org/W2147270415","https://openalex.org/W2147626495","https://openalex.org/W2170264246","https://openalex.org/W2190361876","https://openalex.org/W2217731225","https://openalex.org/W2342333363","https://openalex.org/W2363966412","https://openalex.org/W2543591318","https://openalex.org/W3117474125","https://openalex.org/W3122674824"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3016239368","https://openalex.org/W2402755139","https://openalex.org/W4290948148","https://openalex.org/W4249944690","https://openalex.org/W2353808877","https://openalex.org/W414826439","https://openalex.org/W1530876234","https://openalex.org/W2807827247","https://openalex.org/W2903896635","https://openalex.org/W2067165129"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"Literature":[1],"on":[2,14,47,103,227],"small":[3],"and":[4,24,28,66,92,120,148,174,194,205,209,256,268,286,308,350,356],"medium":[5],"enterprises":[6],"(SMEs)":[7],"has":[8],"so":[9],"far":[10],"produced":[11],"limited":[12],"evidence":[13],"how":[15,48,75,287],"these":[16,244],"firms":[17],"pursue":[18],"their":[19,89,93,168,262],"organizational":[20,269,301],"flexibility":[21],"with":[22,57,107,180,266,281,306],"information":[23,195,264],"communication":[25,69],"technology":[26],"(ICT)":[27],"ad":[29],"hoc":[30],"work":[31,52,65,117,126,132,160,233,298,329,335,341,346,352],"practices.":[32,234],"The":[33],"purpose":[34],"of":[35,95,110,124,166,211,231,275,296,327],"this":[36,220],"paper":[37,292,318],"is":[38,118,135,184,197,315],"to":[39,41,59,80,88,141,248,283,304],"contribute":[40],"the":[42,72,81,108,112,121,145,175,188,212,222,228,242,273,361],"extant":[43],"literature":[44],"by":[45,128,331],"focusing":[46],"SMEs":[49,84,134,153,157,259],"use":[50,158],"flexible":[51,116,125,159,232,297,328,334,340,345,351],"practices":[53,77,270],"that":[54,83,202,271,321,357],"provide":[55],"latitude":[56,274],"respect":[58,282],"when":[60,161],"employees":[61,276],"work,":[62],"where":[63,115,152,191,311],"they":[64,162,288,365],"via":[67],"which":[68,364],"medium.":[70],"Specifically,":[71],"authors":[73,223],"analyze":[74],"such":[76],"are":[78,163,203,246,323,366,368],"related":[79,247],"conditions":[82,143,362],"face":[85],"in":[86,133,144,149,177,187,240,278,358],"reference":[87],"competitive":[90,146,189],"environment":[91],"patterns":[94],"ICT":[96,150,250,267],"usage.":[97],"Design/methodology/approach":[98],"A":[99],"survey":[100],"was":[101],"conducted":[102],"304":[104],"Italian":[105],"SMEs,":[106],"aim":[109],"identifying":[111],"contextual":[113,229],"dimensions":[114],"chosen":[119,136,367],"different":[122,138,142,249,325],"typologies":[123,326],"implemented":[127,330],"companies.":[129],"Findings":[130],"Flexible":[131],"for":[137,207,336,342,347,353],"reasons":[139],"associated":[140],"environments":[147,190,201,310],"usage":[151],"operate.":[154],"In":[155,219,254],"general,":[156],"more":[164,185,198,239,312],"capable":[165],"improving":[167],"external":[169,192,263,313],"orientation":[170,193,314],"toward":[171],"suppliers,":[172],"customers,":[173],"entrance":[176],"new":[178],"markets":[179],"ICT.":[181],"This":[182,291,317],"duality":[183],"likely":[186],"processing":[196,265],"needed,":[199],"namely,":[200,333],"uncertain":[204,255,307],"complex":[206,257,309],"product":[208],"breadth":[210],"geographical":[213],"complexity":[214],"(scope)":[215],"covered.":[216],"Research":[217],"limitations/implications":[218],"paper,":[221],"offer":[224],"an":[225,294,300],"analysis":[226],"characterizations":[230,245],"Future":[235],"studies":[236],"should":[237,260],"disentangle":[238],"depth":[241],"ways":[243],"usages.":[251],"Practical":[252],"implications":[253],"environments,":[258],"increase":[261],"support":[272],"involved":[277],"boundary":[279],"spanning":[280],"where,":[284],"when,":[285],"work.":[289],"Originality/value":[290],"offers":[293],"interpretation":[295],"as":[299],"mechanism":[302],"used":[303],"cope":[305],"needed.":[316],"also":[319],"shows":[320],"there":[322],"four":[324],"companies,":[332],"cheaper":[337],"input":[338],"costs,":[339],"operational":[343],"drivers,":[344,349],"strategic":[348],"individual":[354],"motivations,":[355],"some":[359],"cases":[360],"under":[363],"different.":[369]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}