{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2606524877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-10-2015-0243","title":"Open data in Kazakhstan: incentives, implementation and challenges","display_name":"Open data in Kazakhstan: incentives, implementation and challenges","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2606524877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-10-2015-0243","mag":"2606524877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/itp-10-2015-0243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-10-2015-0243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185256354","display_name":"Information Technology and People","issn_l":"0959-3845","issn":["0959-3845","1758-5813"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Technology & People","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084156544","display_name":"Maxat Kassen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-4249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094413","display_name":"Eurasian Humanities Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4d3v37","country_code":"KZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094413"]}],"countries":["KZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maxat Kassen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eurasian Humanitarian Institute, Astana, Kazakhstan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eurasian Humanitarian Institute, Astana, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094413"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084156544"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094413"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":38.1443,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99582403,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"301","last_page":"323"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-government","display_name":"Open government","score":0.7871272563934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-data","display_name":"Open data","score":0.6962177753448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5417805910110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.5361051559448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.5314406752586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.4602457880973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratization","display_name":"Democratization","score":0.45760345458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.4427647292613983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector","display_name":"Public sector","score":0.43816742300987244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.4380505084991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democracy","display_name":"Democracy","score":0.4069128632545471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3964847922325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.37148797512054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.24737966060638428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.14723432064056396}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777221391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q720829","display_name":"Open government","level":3,"score":0.7871272563934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780535194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309901","display_name":"Open data","level":2,"score":0.6962177753448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5417805910110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5361051559448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5314406752586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4602457880973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17058734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064441","display_name":"Democratization","level":4,"score":0.45760345458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4427647292613983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.43816742300987244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.4380505084991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.4069128632545471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3964847922325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.37148797512054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24737966060638428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14723432064056396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/itp-10-2015-0243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-10-2015-0243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185256354","display_name":"Information Technology and People","issn_l":"0959-3845","issn":["0959-3845","1758-5813"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Technology & People","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83737166","https://openalex.org/W256685508","https://openalex.org/W570810686","https://openalex.org/W628186152","https://openalex.org/W822470965","https://openalex.org/W974620171","https://openalex.org/W1550341078","https://openalex.org/W1801643054","https://openalex.org/W1973593239","https://openalex.org/W1993977866","https://openalex.org/W1995323516","https://openalex.org/W2002896285","https://openalex.org/W2007145486","https://openalex.org/W2042224351","https://openalex.org/W2042753210","https://openalex.org/W2054834655","https://openalex.org/W2060373054","https://openalex.org/W2068695859","https://openalex.org/W2071238265","https://openalex.org/W2073303515","https://openalex.org/W2095735272","https://openalex.org/W2120956150","https://openalex.org/W2134386780","https://openalex.org/W2153359210","https://openalex.org/W2158518290","https://openalex.org/W2164983121","https://openalex.org/W2171527181","https://openalex.org/W2185443709","https://openalex.org/W2189525961","https://openalex.org/W2218826947","https://openalex.org/W2491689044","https://openalex.org/W2514002300","https://openalex.org/W2791116411","https://openalex.org/W2972090792","https://openalex.org/W2997585136","https://openalex.org/W3122500882","https://openalex.org/W4210962885","https://openalex.org/W4251851792","https://openalex.org/W7056125313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2588480360","https://openalex.org/W2802648597","https://openalex.org/W2351298533","https://openalex.org/W12014040","https://openalex.org/W3176772666","https://openalex.org/W2810054926","https://openalex.org/W2773217210","https://openalex.org/W2476658254","https://openalex.org/W4233421760","https://openalex.org/W3096807321"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"The":[1,160,178,197,214,342,372],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,12,26,41,63,83,93,108,147,187,199,225,243,252,260,278,291,299,315,344,361,374,383,407,419,428,446,459,468,476,495,502,509,539,545,557,572,581,602],"this":[4,283,286],"paper":[5,376,541],"is":[6,52,182,202,237,294,489,523,596],"to":[7,17,34,135,378,529,553,589,605],"analyze":[8],"the":[9,24,27,39,64,80,84,91,94,101,106,109,127,145,148,185,188,223,226,230,241,244,249,257,261,276,288,292,296,305,325,334,338,345,359,362,375,384,394,405,416,420,425,429,444,447,454,460,466,469,485,493,496,503,530,534,537,540,543,546,554,570,573,579,582,591,600],"promising":[10],"potential":[11],"open":[13,66,95,110,118,169,207,215,245,301,363,395,430,470,486,583],"data":[14,67,96,131,170,216,246,396,431,471,487,584],"in":[15,32,45,90,113,155,167,172,204,229,266,282,337,355,366,392,400,404,414,452,465,473,492,533,548,578,586],"Kazakhstan":[16,401,566],"boost":[18],"public":[19,190,262],"sector":[20,191,228],"innovations":[21],"and":[22,69,74,87,139,210,317,320,353,357,410,440,456,499,518,561,567,576,609],"trace":[23],"emergence":[25,418],"related":[28,212],"civic":[29,137,607],"engagement":[30,138,608],"initiatives":[31,192],"order":[33],"understand":[35],"how":[36],"it":[37,522,595],"affects":[38],"democratization":[40],"political":[42,73,149,176,316,455],"communication":[43],"processes":[44],"a":[46,53,60,122,156,173,194,219,271,312,330,380,474,506,524,558],"typical":[47,157,478,559],"developing":[48,158,368,409],"country.":[49,159,284],"Design/methodology/approach":[50],"This":[51,234],"case":[54,235,385,510,555],"study":[55,236,386,556],"research":[56,293,336,346,387],"which":[57,268,328],"begins":[58],"with":[59,105,505],"brief":[61],"history":[62],"official":[65],"project":[68],"then":[70],"investigates":[71],"various":[72,116,206,300],"socioeconomic":[75,318,457],"drivers,":[76],"corresponding":[77],"regulatory":[78],"acts,":[79],"leading":[81],"role":[82],"key":[85,426,574],"stakeholders":[86,427],"policy":[88],"entrepreneurs":[89],"diffusion":[92,580],"movement":[97,217,247],"as":[98,100,193,565],"well":[99],"main":[102,289],"challenges":[103,321,577],"associated":[104],"advance":[107],"government":[111],"concept":[112,472,547,585],"Kazakhstan,":[114,267],"while":[115],"independent":[117,200],"data-driven":[119,208,302,364],"projects":[120,209,303,365],"provide":[121],"rich":[123],"empirical":[124],"basis":[125],"for":[126,184,222,333],"analysis.":[128],"Findings":[129],"Open":[130],"provides":[132,329],"new":[133,331],"opportunities":[134],"promote":[136,606],"e-participation":[140],"but":[141,402],"does":[142],"not":[143,398],"affect":[144],"fundamentals":[146],"system":[150,264,281],"nor":[151],"advances":[152],"democratic":[153,500],"institutions":[154],"traditional":[161,531],"directives":[162],"could":[163,347,389,449],"paradoxically":[164],"be":[165,348,390,450],"effective":[166],"advancing":[168],"even":[171],"less":[174],"collaborative":[175],"culture.":[177],"unitary":[179,258,479],"administrative":[180],"context":[181,406,494],"conducive":[183],"development":[186],"ICT-driven":[189],"single":[195],"platform.":[196],"existence":[198,298],"developers":[201],"crucial":[203,272],"promoting":[205],"sharing":[211],"expertise.":[213],"creates":[218],"favorable":[220],"atmosphere":[221],"participation":[224],"non-governmental":[227],"sphere.":[231],"Research":[232],"limitations/implications":[233],"primarily":[238],"focused":[239,513],"on":[240,275,515,569],"analysis":[242,448,571],"at":[248,304],"national":[250],"level":[251],"government,":[253],"taking":[254],"into":[255],"account":[256],"structure":[259],"administration":[263],"existing":[265],"apparently":[269],"has":[270],"fundamental":[273],"effect":[274],"realization":[277,467,544],"any":[279],"e-government":[280,351,463],"In":[285,442,482,527],"respect,":[287],"limitation":[290],"that":[295,308,388,521],"possible":[297],"local":[306],"levels":[307],"hypothetically":[309],"may":[310],"have":[311],"different":[313],"set":[314],"drivers":[319,575],"was":[322],"excluded":[323],"from":[324],"final":[326],"equation,":[327],"window":[332],"future":[335],"area.":[339],"Practical":[340],"implications":[341,371,458],"results":[343,445],"used":[349,391,451],"by":[350,599],"practitioners":[352],"policymakers":[354],"evaluating":[356],"improving":[358],"operation":[360],"many":[367],"countries.":[369],"Social":[370],"author":[373,538],"tried":[377],"develop":[379],"universal":[381],"framework":[382],"investigating":[393],"phenomenon":[397,488],"only":[399,514],"also":[403],"other":[408,477],"transitional":[411],"countries,":[412],"especially":[413],"analyzing":[415],"apparitional":[417],"unique":[421],"networking":[422],"activities":[423],"among":[424],"movement,":[432],"i.e.":[433],"policymakers,":[434],"NGOs,":[435],"businesses,":[436],"developers,":[437],"mass":[438],"media":[439],"citizens.":[441],"addition,":[443],"testing":[453],"highly":[461],"centralized":[462],"approach":[464],"number":[475],"states.":[480],"Originality/value":[481],"scientific":[483],"works,":[484],"usually":[490],"analyzed":[491],"most":[497],"developed":[498],"countries":[501],"world":[504],"vast":[507],"majority":[508],"studies":[511,542],"being":[512],"North":[516],"America":[517],"Europe,":[519],"forgetting":[520],"global":[525],"trend.":[526],"contrast":[528],"trends":[532],"academic":[535],"literature,":[536],"an":[549,587],"unusual":[550],"context,":[551],"resorting":[552],"emerging":[560],"post-totalitarian":[562],"nation":[563],"such":[564],"focusing":[568],"attempt":[588],"answer":[590],"ultimate":[592],"question:":[593],"whether":[594],"really":[597],"harnessed":[598],"members":[601],"civil":[603],"society":[604],"e-participation.":[610]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}