{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159584689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2020-0476","title":"Improving business processes or human resources? The performance implications and contingencies","display_name":"Improving business processes or human resources? The performance implications and contingencies","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159584689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2020-0476","mag":"3159584689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/imds-08-2020-0476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2020-0476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37320504","display_name":"Industrial Management & Data Systems","issn_l":"0263-5577","issn":["0263-5577","1758-5783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Industrial Management &amp; Data Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391226","display_name":"Li Y","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0599-7167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100366939","display_name":"Qiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-8708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755445","display_name":"Zhiqiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-491X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114429864","display_name":"Lujie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4229-7194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69356397","display_name":"Xi\u2019an Jiaotong-Liverpool University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmrmn05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lujie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBSS, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBSS, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69356397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100391226"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9706,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88517175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"121","issue":"7","first_page":"1577","last_page":"1598"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12594","display_name":"Collaboration in agile enterprises","score":0.9451000094413757,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contingency","display_name":"Contingency","score":0.6320359706878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contingency-theory","display_name":"Contingency theory","score":0.5927504301071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5473265647888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","score":0.536644458770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.5354526042938232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-performance","display_name":"Organizational performance","score":0.48384466767311096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/originality","display_name":"Originality","score":0.47393280267715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-life-cycle-management","display_name":"Product life-cycle management","score":0.47227510809898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.46482542157173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.4493674039840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.3879554867744446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3860369622707367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.37822961807250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.20710694789886475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.14258092641830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.13652396202087402}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97508593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359069","display_name":"Contingency","level":2,"score":0.6320359706878662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60297154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434943","display_name":"Contingency theory","level":2,"score":0.5927504301071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5473265647888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.536644458770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.5354526042938232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165672731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25047583","display_name":"Organizational performance","level":2,"score":0.48384466767311096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914681","display_name":"Originality","level":3,"score":0.47393280267715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7465953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1572577","display_name":"Product life-cycle management","level":2,"score":0.47227510809898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.46482542157173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.4493674039840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3879554867744446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3860369622707367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.37822961807250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20710694789886475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14258092641830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.13652396202087402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/imds-08-2020-0476","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2020-0476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37320504","display_name":"Industrial Management & Data Systems","issn_l":"0263-5577","issn":["0263-5577","1758-5783"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Industrial Management &amp; Data Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W119818611","https://openalex.org/W1499231429","https://openalex.org/W1534941172","https://openalex.org/W1539007245","https://openalex.org/W1584695787","https://openalex.org/W1697040476","https://openalex.org/W1739766409","https://openalex.org/W1755106091","https://openalex.org/W1774460361","https://openalex.org/W1842336894","https://openalex.org/W1964019587","https://openalex.org/W1971410477","https://openalex.org/W1976149676","https://openalex.org/W1978442657","https://openalex.org/W1979238154","https://openalex.org/W1987258130","https://openalex.org/W1988241260","https://openalex.org/W1995910526","https://openalex.org/W2002426628","https://openalex.org/W2004201361","https://openalex.org/W2010298269","https://openalex.org/W2011145939","https://openalex.org/W2011309176","https://openalex.org/W2022157218","https://openalex.org/W2027468736","https://openalex.org/W2034600246","https://openalex.org/W2043411484","https://openalex.org/W2044711148","https://openalex.org/W2047611952","https://openalex.org/W2054764858","https://openalex.org/W2057643324","https://openalex.org/W2059595229","https://openalex.org/W2059663374","https://openalex.org/W2061977616","https://openalex.org/W2074442349","https://openalex.org/W2076637996","https://openalex.org/W2077630884","https://openalex.org/W2080970037","https://openalex.org/W2081884155","https://openalex.org/W2081910335","https://openalex.org/W2085234939","https://openalex.org/W2087098503","https://openalex.org/W2087164487","https://openalex.org/W2105846236","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2115981184","https://openalex.org/W2116305749","https://openalex.org/W2117942482","https://openalex.org/W2118016181","https://openalex.org/W2122983118","https://openalex.org/W2123709218","https://openalex.org/W2125650595","https://openalex.org/W2130892515","https://openalex.org/W2134735301","https://openalex.org/W2134884007","https://openalex.org/W2138870994","https://openalex.org/W2139453100","https://openalex.org/W2143641052","https://openalex.org/W2158017067","https://openalex.org/W2159091612","https://openalex.org/W2160117959","https://openalex.org/W2160139646","https://openalex.org/W2160177306","https://openalex.org/W2161345121","https://openalex.org/W2380420404","https://openalex.org/W2391427109","https://openalex.org/W2460824009","https://openalex.org/W2504922513","https://openalex.org/W2527853839","https://openalex.org/W2560204346","https://openalex.org/W2604640778","https://openalex.org/W2765935887","https://openalex.org/W2766884885","https://openalex.org/W2772019989","https://openalex.org/W2774484741","https://openalex.org/W2781375747","https://openalex.org/W2790334382","https://openalex.org/W2792492979","https://openalex.org/W2799734768","https://openalex.org/W2890912102","https://openalex.org/W2905025352","https://openalex.org/W2910273019","https://openalex.org/W2915793773","https://openalex.org/W2917034788","https://openalex.org/W2923410225","https://openalex.org/W2969850086","https://openalex.org/W3010936584","https://openalex.org/W3011443804","https://openalex.org/W3033530097","https://openalex.org/W3121951941","https://openalex.org/W3122990156","https://openalex.org/W3124536214","https://openalex.org/W3125546680","https://openalex.org/W3125983421","https://openalex.org/W3125991376","https://openalex.org/W3126094737","https://openalex.org/W3140593190","https://openalex.org/W4235678817","https://openalex.org/W4238968568","https://openalex.org/W4243667233","https://openalex.org/W4251225833","https://openalex.org/W4251676188"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1573046211","https://openalex.org/W2053102848","https://openalex.org/W3122574868","https://openalex.org/W2075086439","https://openalex.org/W4383684770","https://openalex.org/W2363147976","https://openalex.org/W2058421449","https://openalex.org/W2503182905","https://openalex.org/W3123950379","https://openalex.org/W57399587"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"The":[1,45,78,120,137,247],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,17,39,86,91,122,133,139,168,198,223,227,253,267],"this":[4,140],"study":[5,142],"is":[6,127],"to":[7,34,145,149,180,189,216,250,269],"examine":[8,35],"both":[9,131,175],"the":[10,14,36,51,54,72,83,89,112,117,163,184,195,224,236],"separate":[11],"effects":[12,16,107],"and":[13,22,33,58,68,88,93,100,159,178,188,201,229,232,240,262],"interaction":[15,90,102],"business":[18,157,186],"process":[19],"improvement":[20],"(BPI)":[21],"human":[23,160],"resource":[24,258],"enhancement":[25],"(HRE)":[26],"on":[27,50,97,108,124,205],"operational":[28,109,125],"performance":[29,84,110,126,152,196,225],"in":[30,111,116,130,155,243],"manufacturing":[31,66,147],"firms":[32,148,172,255],"moderating":[37],"effect":[38,121],"product":[40],"life":[41,165],"cycle":[42,166],"(PLC).":[43],"Design/methodology/approach":[44],"conceptual":[46],"model":[47],"was":[48],"based":[49],"resource-based":[52],"view,":[53],"dynamic":[55],"capabilities":[56],"perspective":[57],"contingency":[59],"theory.":[60],"Using":[61],"survey":[62],"data":[63],"from":[64],"215":[65],"companies":[67],"structural":[69],"equation":[70],"modeling,":[71],"hypothesized":[73],"relationships":[74],"were":[75],"tested.":[76],"Findings":[77],"empirical":[79,141],"findings":[80],"suggest":[81],"that":[82,209,238],"implications":[85,136,197,226],"HRE":[87,92,99,228],"BPI":[94,104,123,230],"are":[95,203],"contingent":[96,204],"PLC.":[98,134],"its":[101],"with":[103,183],"have":[105],"stronger":[106],"maturity":[113],"stage":[114],"than":[115],"growth":[118],"stage.":[119],"equally":[128],"important":[129],"stages":[132,167,266],"Practical":[135],"results":[138,248],"can":[143],"help":[144],"guide":[146],"enhance":[150],"their":[151,156,169,176,191,217,233,257,272],"through":[153],"improvements":[154],"processes":[158,177,200,241,261],"resources":[161],"at":[162,264],"different":[164,213,265],"products.":[170],"First,":[171],"should":[173,211],"upgrade":[174],"people":[179,202,239,263],"keep":[181],"pace":[182],"changing":[185],"environment":[187],"sustain":[190],"competitive":[192],"advantage.":[193],"Second,":[194],"improving":[199],"PLC,":[206],"which":[207],"suggests":[208],"managers":[210],"emphasize":[212],"things":[214],"according":[215],"roles.":[218],"Originality/value":[219],"A":[220],"simultaneous":[221],"examination":[222],"practices":[231],"contingencies":[234],"reveals":[235],"roles":[237],"play":[242],"achieving":[244],"organizational":[245],"objectives.":[246],"contribute":[249],"our":[251],"understanding":[252],"how":[254],"leverage":[256],"allocation":[259],"between":[260],"PLC":[268],"effectively":[270],"improve":[271],"performance.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
