{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297910943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijicc-05-2022-0126","title":"A survey on blockchain consensus mechanism: research overview, current advances and future directions","display_name":"A survey on blockchain consensus mechanism: research overview, current advances and future directions","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297910943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijicc-05-2022-0126"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/ijicc-05-2022-0126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijicc-05-2022-0126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124503262","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics","issn_l":"1756-378X","issn":["1756-378X","1756-3798"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030659419","display_name":"Mingyue Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6997-7683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyue Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Software Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6997-7683","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Software Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361668","display_name":"Jun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7390-8958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Software Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7390-8958","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Software Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101469754","display_name":"Shuyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-2944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101851003","display_name":"Ming\u2010Wei Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2026-7178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111753288","display_name":"Fujian Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/020azk594","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingwei Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2026-7178","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.7572,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99383853,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"314","last_page":"340"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10192","display_name":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.7279459834098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7173780202865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consensus-conference","display_name":"Consensus conference","score":0.6668659448623657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.551321804523468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5055491924285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/originality","display_name":"Originality","score":0.4950498640537262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.46421268582344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consensus-algorithm","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","score":0.46325668692588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.4579961895942688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mainstream","display_name":"Mainstream","score":0.41880717873573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.37416476011276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23273441195487976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.17260846495628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.10875242948532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.07760608196258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.0688788890838623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.7279459834098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7173780202865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017605391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1021509","display_name":"Consensus conference","level":2,"score":0.6668659448623657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.551321804523468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5055491924285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914681","display_name":"Originality","level":3,"score":0.4950498640537262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.46421268582344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983222225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2994424","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","level":2,"score":0.46325668692588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4579961895942688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.41880717873573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.37416476011276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23273441195487976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17260846495628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.10875242948532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07760608196258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0688788890838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/ijicc-05-2022-0126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijicc-05-2022-0126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124503262","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics","issn_l":"1756-378X","issn":["1756-378X","1756-3798"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":106,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075854425","https://openalex.org/W2114579022","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2150792012","https://openalex.org/W2156580773","https://openalex.org/W2181397138","https://openalex.org/W2293624543","https://openalex.org/W2295940006","https://openalex.org/W2494684283","https://openalex.org/W2535104337","https://openalex.org/W2593995542","https://openalex.org/W2726001757","https://openalex.org/W2754529701","https://openalex.org/W2794647042","https://openalex.org/W2794752110","https://openalex.org/W2795222609","https://openalex.org/W2801811971","https://openalex.org/W2894864820","https://openalex.org/W2899989435","https://openalex.org/W2905867785","https://openalex.org/W2912886223","https://openalex.org/W2914554654","https://openalex.org/W2924387646","https://openalex.org/W2933911887","https://openalex.org/W2956944814","https://openalex.org/W2963067739","https://openalex.org/W2964761359","https://openalex.org/W2971376523","https://openalex.org/W2973726786","https://openalex.org/W2981601811","https://openalex.org/W2989774069","https://openalex.org/W2990117313","https://openalex.org/W2993987972","https://openalex.org/W2999073610","https://openalex.org/W3005013321","https://openalex.org/W3007228676","https://openalex.org/W3008505042","https://openalex.org/W3009153228","https://openalex.org/W3015145063","https://openalex.org/W3015399756","https://openalex.org/W3016329844","https://openalex.org/W3023165027","https://openalex.org/W3025413549","https://openalex.org/W3027042329","https://openalex.org/W3028956410","https://openalex.org/W3035734344","https://openalex.org/W3037243147","https://openalex.org/W3037885237","https://openalex.org/W3041251140","https://openalex.org/W3047685524","https://openalex.org/W3087287021","https://openalex.org/W3088127267","https://openalex.org/W3089656219","https://openalex.org/W3091788338","https://openalex.org/W3094632058","https://openalex.org/W3100717670","https://openalex.org/W3107245412","https://openalex.org/W3108722340","https://openalex.org/W3110162748","https://openalex.org/W3110587988","https://openalex.org/W3119105838","https://openalex.org/W3119160602","https://openalex.org/W3121665157","https://openalex.org/W3123072868","https://openalex.org/W3123330587","https://openalex.org/W3126528290","https://openalex.org/W3126553351","https://openalex.org/W3133967357","https://openalex.org/W3136352779","https://openalex.org/W3137258111","https://openalex.org/W3137759927","https://openalex.org/W3146806348","https://openalex.org/W3155285027","https://openalex.org/W3156685989","https://openalex.org/W3157263457","https://openalex.org/W3160019142","https://openalex.org/W3160304466","https://openalex.org/W3160590659","https://openalex.org/W3161459417","https://openalex.org/W3166528127","https://openalex.org/W3168751805","https://openalex.org/W3173108696","https://openalex.org/W3173387943","https://openalex.org/W3173545514","https://openalex.org/W3173768691","https://openalex.org/W3174981234","https://openalex.org/W3175073186","https://openalex.org/W3178621487","https://openalex.org/W3179292749","https://openalex.org/W3195490217","https://openalex.org/W3196625120","https://openalex.org/W3196779522","https://openalex.org/W3197234204","https://openalex.org/W3199843003","https://openalex.org/W3200226844","https://openalex.org/W3204605055","https://openalex.org/W3206079648","https://openalex.org/W3215201505","https://openalex.org/W3216911233","https://openalex.org/W4205788220","https://openalex.org/W4205927979","https://openalex.org/W4206502564","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4214560750","https://openalex.org/W4220791874","https://openalex.org/W4285124469"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3098545956","https://openalex.org/W3155932073","https://openalex.org/W4312378530","https://openalex.org/W4322731906","https://openalex.org/W3082005208","https://openalex.org/W2276859170","https://openalex.org/W4298949887","https://openalex.org/W1790352064","https://openalex.org/W3213733914","https://openalex.org/W2027569465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"As":[1],"the":[2,14,22,30,45,56,61,81,93,106,109,112,117,122,135,148,151,162,178,183],"core":[3],"technology":[4],"of":[5,16,29,37,83,116,154,164,182],"blockchain,":[6,31],"various":[7],"consensus":[8,35,38,58,62,64,84,103,110,119,123,136,155,165,184],"mechanisms":[9,85,124,137,156,166],"have":[10,89],"emerged":[11],"to":[12,33,131,167],"satisfy":[13],"demands":[15],"different":[17],"application":[18],"scenarios.":[19],"Since":[20],"determining":[21],"security,":[23],"scalability":[24],"and":[25,67,97,114,140,157],"other":[26],"related":[27],"performance":[28],"how":[32],"reach":[34],"efficiently":[36],"mechanism":[39],"is":[40],"a":[41,52],"critical":[42],"issue":[43],"in":[44,86,171],"blockchain.":[46],"Design/methodology/approach":[47],"The":[48],"paper":[49,176],"opted":[50],"for":[51,80],"research":[53,100,180],"overview":[54],"on":[55,143,161],"blockchain":[57,87],"mechanism,":[59],"including":[60],"mechanisms'":[63],"progress,":[65],"classification":[66],"comparison,":[68],"which":[69],"are":[70,125,138],"complemented":[71],"by":[72],"documentary":[73],"analysis.":[74],"Findings":[75],"This":[76,175],"survey":[77],"analyzes":[78],"solutions":[79],"improvement":[82],"that":[88],"been":[90],"proposed":[91],"during":[92],"last":[94],"few":[95],"years":[96],"suggests":[98],"future":[99,179],"directions":[101],"around":[102],"mechanisms.":[104,120,185],"First,":[105],"authors":[107,149],"outline":[108],"processes,":[111],"advantages":[113],"disadvantages":[115],"mainstream":[118],"Additionally,":[121],"subdivided":[126],"into":[127],"four":[128,144],"types":[129],"according":[130],"their":[132],"characteristics.":[133],"Then,":[134],"compared":[139],"analyzed":[141],"based":[142],"evaluation":[145],"criteria.":[146],"Finally,":[147],"summarize":[150],"representative":[152],"progress":[153],"provide":[158],"some":[159],"suggestions":[160],"design":[163],"make":[168],"further":[169],"advances":[170],"this":[172],"field.":[173],"Originality/value":[174],"summarizes":[177],"development":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
