{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2560614654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/gs-06-2016-0012","title":"The quantized transformation in Deng\u2019s grey relational grade","display_name":"The quantized transformation in Deng\u2019s grey relational grade","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2560614654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/gs-06-2016-0012","mag":"2560614654"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/gs-06-2016-0012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/gs-06-2016-0012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188239","display_name":"Grey Systems Theory and Application","issn_l":"2043-9377","issn":["2043-9377","2043-9385"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Grey Systems: Theory and Application","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114156612","display_name":"Kun\u2010Li Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6928-3446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5971364","display_name":"Chienkuo Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ahb7r80","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5971364"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kunli Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5971364"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114156612"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5971364"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78855505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"375","last_page":"397"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12368","display_name":"Grey System Theory Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12368","display_name":"Grey System Theory Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grey-relational-analysis","display_name":"Grey relational analysis","score":0.8522727489471436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray","display_name":"Gray (unit)","score":0.6501575708389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.5430641770362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.509718120098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-model","display_name":"Relational model","score":0.4907868802547455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43155285716056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.4215604364871979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-theory","display_name":"Relational theory","score":0.41845273971557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37411028146743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database","display_name":"Relational database","score":0.31954967975616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.22828635573387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.2107778787612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15582606196403503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64734493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5608296","display_name":"Grey relational analysis","level":2,"score":0.8522727489471436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166275286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190095","display_name":"Gray (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6501575708389282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.5430641770362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.509718120098114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40207289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755662","display_name":"Relational model","level":3,"score":0.4907868802547455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43155285716056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4215604364871979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52268767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1248245","display_name":"Relational theory","level":2,"score":0.41845273971557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37411028146743774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.31954967975616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.22828635573387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.2107778787612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15582606196403503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/gs-06-2016-0012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/gs-06-2016-0012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210188239","display_name":"Grey Systems Theory and Application","issn_l":"2043-9377","issn":["2043-9377","2043-9385"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Grey Systems: Theory and Application","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W347278070","https://openalex.org/W565587792","https://openalex.org/W612593663","https://openalex.org/W1577818368","https://openalex.org/W2002739427","https://openalex.org/W2031127668","https://openalex.org/W2056239380","https://openalex.org/W2127238875","https://openalex.org/W2130096164","https://openalex.org/W2210732600","https://openalex.org/W2271479003","https://openalex.org/W2330234969","https://openalex.org/W2333838808","https://openalex.org/W2469016928","https://openalex.org/W2484215240","https://openalex.org/W2503887182"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200043849","https://openalex.org/W1999511227","https://openalex.org/W2267077731","https://openalex.org/W2393064643","https://openalex.org/W1510134535","https://openalex.org/W3163861059","https://openalex.org/W2386578196","https://openalex.org/W2483382562","https://openalex.org/W3091612633","https://openalex.org/W2001946655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"Until":[1],"now,":[2],"many":[3,18],"different":[4],"varieties":[5],"of":[6,57,82,118,174],"grey":[7,24,29,41,58,84,92,123,128,142,156,176,182,191,201,212],"relational":[8,25,30,42,59,85,93,124,143,157,177,183,202,213],"grade":[9,26,94,158,184,203,214],"methods":[10],"had":[11],"been":[12],"proposed,":[13],"and":[14,27,36,179,187],"there":[15],"are":[16],"also":[17,88],"relevant":[19],"publications,":[20],"which":[21],"include":[22],"ordinal":[23,55,72,160,205],"cardinal":[28,163],"grade.":[31,43,144],"However,":[32],"the":[33,80,115,133,137,147,154,172,199],"most":[34],"original":[35],"important":[37],"formula":[38],"is":[39,53],"Deng\u2019s":[40,83,91,122,141,155,175,181,200,211],"After":[44],"careful":[45],"study":[46],"it":[47,52,70,150,208],"was":[48],"found":[49],"that":[50],"although":[51],"an":[54],"form":[56,161],"grade,":[60,86,125,178],"a":[61,218],"rational":[62,116,134],"mathematics":[63,148],"model":[64],"can":[65,78,89,152,209],"be":[66,95,215],"used":[67,96,216],"to":[68,102,113,131],"transfer":[69,153],"from":[71,159,204],"into":[73,162,206],"cardinal.":[74],"It":[75],"not":[76],"only":[77],"enhance":[79],"essential":[81,173],"but":[87],"let":[90,210],"more":[97,185,188],"widely.":[98],"The":[99,107,167,195],"paper":[100,108,168,196],"aims":[101],"discuss":[103],"these":[104],"issue.":[105],"Design/methodology/approach":[106],"uses":[109,127],"fuzzy":[110],"set":[111],"theory":[112],"get":[114],"value":[117],"distinguish":[119],"coefficient":[120],"in":[121,140,190,217],"then":[126],"entropy":[129],"method":[130],"decide":[132],"weighting":[135],"for":[136],"analysis":[138],"sequences":[139],"Findings":[145],"Through":[146],"derivation,":[149],"indeed":[151],"form.":[164],"Practical":[165],"implications":[166],"has":[169,197],"deeply":[170],"enhanced":[171],"made":[180],"available":[186],"usable":[189],"system":[192],"theory.":[193],"Originality/value":[194],"transferred":[198],"cardinal,":[207],"wider":[219],"area.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
