{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1966880694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026659","title":"AN EVALUATION OF FEEDBACK IN DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL USING CO\u2010OCCURRENCE DATA","display_name":"AN EVALUATION OF FEEDBACK IN DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL USING CO\u2010OCCURRENCE DATA","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1966880694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026659","mag":"1966880694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/eb026659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10082577","display_name":"Journal of Documentation","issn_l":"0022-0418","issn":["0022-0418","1758-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Documentation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047863954","display_name":"David J. Harper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-2119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D.J. HARPER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109132337","display_name":"C. J. van Rijsbergen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.J. VAN RIJSBERGEN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047863954"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":42.7865,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":160,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99726027,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"3","first_page":"189","last_page":"216"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.8745243549346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance-feedback","display_name":"Relevance feedback","score":0.8471102118492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.7745492458343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.7015699148178101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6764047145843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.5538462996482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.4969630539417267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.4406406283378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3991378843784332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18735501170158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.13980993628501892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.09505948424339294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0762438178062439}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.8745243549346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779532271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q445558","display_name":"Relevance feedback","level":4,"score":0.8471102118492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.7745492458343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.7015699148178101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6764047145843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.5538462996482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.4969630539417267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.4406406283378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3991378843784332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18735501170158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.13980993628501892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.09505948424339294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0762438178062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/eb026659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eb026659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10082577","display_name":"Journal of Documentation","issn_l":"0022-0418","issn":["0022-0418","1758-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Documentation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320006","display_name":"Royal Society","ror":"https://ror.org/03wnrjx87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320273","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320386","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966365186","https://openalex.org/W2043909051","https://openalex.org/W2048045485","https://openalex.org/W2096411881","https://openalex.org/W3017143921","https://openalex.org/W4247711428"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986056603","https://openalex.org/W1921936017","https://openalex.org/W2276271130","https://openalex.org/W1971071004","https://openalex.org/W2009716188","https://openalex.org/W1518380457","https://openalex.org/W2001985945","https://openalex.org/W1973132420","https://openalex.org/W2078482661","https://openalex.org/W2017917301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,101],"paper":[1],"reports":[2],"experiments":[3,44,83,135],"with":[4,28,70,115],"a":[5,33,54,79,94],"term":[6,97],"weighting":[7],"model":[8,25,35,88,104,185],"incorporating":[9],"relevance":[10,30,67,112,117,157,178],"information":[11,31,68,72,118],"in":[12,92,123,132,159,166],"which":[13,36,144],"it":[14,168],"is":[15,163,169],"assumed":[16],"that":[17,47,63,171],"index":[18,38,48],"terms":[19,39,49],"are":[20,40,50,176],"distributed":[21,41],"dependently.":[22],"Initially":[23],"this":[24],"was":[26,61,89,99,105],"tested":[27],"complete":[29],"against":[32],"similar":[34],"assumes":[37],"independently.":[42],"The":[43,128],"demonstrated":[45],"conclusively":[46],"not":[51,149],"independent":[52],"for":[53,111],"number":[55],"of":[56,66,81,139,156],"diverse":[57],"document":[58],"collections.":[59],"It":[60],"concluded":[62],"the":[64,84,109,133,137,140,145,154,182,190],"use":[65],"together":[69],"dependence":[71,87,103,184],"could":[73],"potentially":[74],"improve":[75],"retrieval":[76,124],"effectiveness.":[77],"As":[78],"result":[80],"further":[82],"initial":[85],"strict":[86],"modified":[90,102,183],"and":[91,120,165],"particular":[93,167],"new":[95],"relevance\u2010based":[96],"weight":[98],"developed.":[100],"then":[106],"used":[107,131,192],"as":[108],"basis":[110],"feedback,":[113],"i.e.":[114],"partial":[116],"only,":[119],"significant":[121],"increases":[122],"effectiveness":[125],"were":[126],"achieved.":[127],"evaluation":[129],"method":[130],"feedback":[134,141,158,179],"emphasized":[136],"effect":[138],"on":[142,181],"documents":[143],"potential":[146],"user":[147],"would":[148],"previously":[150],"have":[151],"seen.":[152],"Finally":[153],"incorporation":[155],"an":[160],"operational":[161],"system":[162],"considered":[164],"argued":[170],"if":[172],"high":[173],"recall":[174],"searches":[175],"required,":[177],"based":[180],"may":[186],"be":[187],"superior":[188],"to":[189],"widely":[191],"Boolean":[193],"search.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
