{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3172311770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2021-0021","title":"RETRACTED: Pathways toward entrepreneurial intention among Malaysian universities\u2019 students","display_name":"RETRACTED: Pathways toward entrepreneurial intention among Malaysian universities\u2019 students","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3172311770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2021-0021","mag":"3172311770"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/bpmj-01-2021-0021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2021-0021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2508752","display_name":"Business Process Management Journal","issn_l":"1463-7154","issn":["1463-7154","1758-4116"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Business Process Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029537379","display_name":"Hanieh Alipour Bazkiaei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192915278","display_name":"International Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/03yme6x53","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192915278"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["HU","MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanieh Alipour Bazkiaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Azman Hashim International Business School , , Skudai,","Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , , Skudai,","Azman Hashim International Business School, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-3363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Azman Hashim International Business School , , Skudai,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192915278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , , Skudai,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Azman Hashim International Business School, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088275876","display_name":"Noor Ullah Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8766-7531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I226432","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Kelantan","ror":"https://ror.org/0463y2v87","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I226432"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164282","display_name":"Entrepreneurial Ecosystems","ror":"https://ror.org/05jh6qs86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164282"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["MY","PK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noor Ullah Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business , , Pengkalan Chepa,","National University of Sciences and Technology Department of HRM NUST, Business School, , Islamabad,","Universiti Malaysia Kelantan , , Pengkalan Chepa,","Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8766-7531","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business , , Pengkalan Chepa,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164282"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology Department of HRM NUST, Business School, , Islamabad,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Malaysia Kelantan , , Pengkalan Chepa,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I226432"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I226432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037897668","display_name":"Ateeq ur Rehman Irshad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-2177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142024983","display_name":"Prince Sultan University","ror":"https://ror.org/053mqrf26","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143942","display_name":"National University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e21fw44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143942"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ateeq-ur-Rehman Irshad","raw_affiliation_strings":["NUST Business School , , Islamabad,","National University of Sciences and Technology , , Islamabad,","Prince Sultan University Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, , Riyadh,","Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NUST Business School , , Islamabad,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology , , Islamabad,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143942"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prince Sultan University Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, , Riyadh,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142024983"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367147","display_name":"Adeel Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7439-9606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adeel Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology Department of IB&M NUST, Business School, , Islamabad,","Department of IB&M NUST, Business School, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7439-9606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology Department of IB&M NUST, Business School, , Islamabad,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of IB&M NUST, Business School, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029537379"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192915278","https://openalex.org/I4576418"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8162,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95665125,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"4","first_page":"1009","last_page":"1032"},"is_retracted":true,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11843","display_name":"Family Business Performance and Succession","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12843","display_name":"Human Resource and Talent Management","score":0.9506000280380249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","score":0.7430145144462585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5961397290229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personality","display_name":"Personality","score":0.5498037338256836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-five-personality-traits","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","score":0.5479767322540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","score":0.5293999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-planned-behavior","display_name":"Theory of planned behavior","score":0.4832230508327484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.44560232758522034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/originality","display_name":"Originality","score":0.44278308749198914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norm","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.35911107063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.2681969404220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1552613377571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.14646151661872864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creativity","display_name":"Creativity","score":0.13410761952400208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.10931134223937988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07637938857078552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.0707070529460907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.7430145144462585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5961397290229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.5498037338256836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.5479767322540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.5293999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89785696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2290753","display_name":"Theory of planned behavior","level":3,"score":0.4832230508327484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44560232758522034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776950860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914681","display_name":"Originality","level":3,"score":0.44278308749198914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191795146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3878446","display_name":"Norm (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.35911107063293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.2681969404220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1552613377571106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.14646151661872864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.13410761952400208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.10931134223937988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07637938857078552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0707070529460907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/bpmj-01-2021-0021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2021-0021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2508752","display_name":"Business Process Management Journal","issn_l":"1463-7154","issn":["1463-7154","1758-4116"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Business Process Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1214295344","https://openalex.org/W1641003075","https://openalex.org/W1736209534","https://openalex.org/W1767890054","https://openalex.org/W1969619854","https://openalex.org/W1980720894","https://openalex.org/W1984559409","https://openalex.org/W1988593606","https://openalex.org/W1989131699","https://openalex.org/W2004632618","https://openalex.org/W2008731920","https://openalex.org/W2020530843","https://openalex.org/W2028378463","https://openalex.org/W2030030817","https://openalex.org/W2059842474","https://openalex.org/W2060015029","https://openalex.org/W2072197627","https://openalex.org/W2074617998","https://openalex.org/W2080830315","https://openalex.org/W2082206405","https://openalex.org/W2089822214","https://openalex.org/W2094388844","https://openalex.org/W2099697766","https://openalex.org/W2123878515","https://openalex.org/W2127348939","https://openalex.org/W2140661675","https://openalex.org/W2170813205","https://openalex.org/W2175079103","https://openalex.org/W2189144386","https://openalex.org/W2211605820","https://openalex.org/W2260793483","https://openalex.org/W2317308656","https://openalex.org/W2317660797","https://openalex.org/W2337785592","https://openalex.org/W2419674391","https://openalex.org/W2472558306","https://openalex.org/W2474271073","https://openalex.org/W2490821387","https://openalex.org/W2511803309","https://openalex.org/W2513059110","https://openalex.org/W2517346174","https://openalex.org/W2525097317","https://openalex.org/W2548007978","https://openalex.org/W2562541406","https://openalex.org/W2568110010","https://openalex.org/W2594650745","https://openalex.org/W2595910995","https://openalex.org/W2596096967","https://openalex.org/W2597102571","https://openalex.org/W2598734124","https://openalex.org/W2605766527","https://openalex.org/W2609210698","https://openalex.org/W2614732987","https://openalex.org/W2615728206","https://openalex.org/W2620164207","https://openalex.org/W2633404524","https://openalex.org/W2734527602","https://openalex.org/W2739687799","https://openalex.org/W2773837640","https://openalex.org/W2773897510","https://openalex.org/W2784605508","https://openalex.org/W2789200065","https://openalex.org/W2793646951","https://openalex.org/W2803680006","https://openalex.org/W2803706432","https://openalex.org/W2807005640","https://openalex.org/W2810468570","https://openalex.org/W2811027315","https://openalex.org/W2811079675","https://openalex.org/W2884116589","https://openalex.org/W2885021380","https://openalex.org/W2903586236","https://openalex.org/W2912609678","https://openalex.org/W2915580628","https://openalex.org/W2939640768","https://openalex.org/W2955710033","https://openalex.org/W2958086993","https://openalex.org/W2984840461","https://openalex.org/W3004364919","https://openalex.org/W3004491699","https://openalex.org/W3005421185","https://openalex.org/W3008758364","https://openalex.org/W3009375280","https://openalex.org/W3032274597","https://openalex.org/W3032680135","https://openalex.org/W3038046325","https://openalex.org/W3048191306","https://openalex.org/W3049373355","https://openalex.org/W3095002346","https://openalex.org/W3100063718","https://openalex.org/W3121480788","https://openalex.org/W3121529032","https://openalex.org/W3125774454","https://openalex.org/W3127169162","https://openalex.org/W3164666148","https://openalex.org/W4254753750","https://openalex.org/W4394101489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041415459","https://openalex.org/W2593155302","https://openalex.org/W2072812638","https://openalex.org/W3126095231","https://openalex.org/W2352855287","https://openalex.org/W4200071106","https://openalex.org/W2378906650","https://openalex.org/W2384288445","https://openalex.org/W2382526412","https://openalex.org/W143968899"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"Entrepreneurship":[1],"is":[2],"a":[3,10,96,101,119],"vital":[4],"source":[5],"of":[6,52,121,208,246],"job":[7],"creation":[8],"and":[9,29,80,162,182,202,211,241,262],"key":[11,61,197],"driver":[12],"in":[13,57,125,132,204,243],"promoting":[14],"economic":[15],"growth.":[16],"The":[17,104,113],"Malaysian":[18,89,134,185,222,247],"government":[19],"encourages":[20],"higher":[21],"educational":[22,81],"institutions":[23],"(HEIs)":[24],"to":[25,47,167,220],"develop":[26],"more":[27],"competitive":[28],"innovative":[30],"graduates":[31],"for":[32,199],"the":[33,49,58,110,126,140,154,172,196,206,228,252],"economy":[34],"so":[35],"that":[36,64,153,233],"Malaysia":[37],"achieves":[38],"high-income":[39],"nation":[40],"status":[41],"by":[42],"2025.":[43],"This":[44,93,190,225],"study":[45,94,226],"aims":[46],"investigate":[48],"mediating":[50],"role":[51],"attitude":[53],"toward":[54],"entrepreneurship":[55],"(ATE)":[56],"relationship":[59,173,229,253],"between":[60,174,230,254],"psychological":[62,201,231],"factors,":[63,232],"is,":[65,234],"subjective":[66],"norm":[67],"(SN),":[68],"perceived":[69],"behavior":[70],"control":[71],"(PBC),":[72],"big-five":[73],"(BF)":[74],"personality":[75,156,176,236,256],"traits,":[76,157,177,237,257],"entrepreneurial":[77,85],"motivation":[78],"(EM)":[79],"factors":[82],"(EFs)":[83],"with":[84],"intention":[86],"(EI)":[87],"among":[88,184,264],"university":[90,186,209,248],"students.":[91,187,249,266],"Design/methodology/approach":[92],"used":[95,108],"quantitative":[97],"design":[98],"based":[99],"on":[100],"positivist":[102],"approach.":[103],"adopted":[105],"questionnaire":[106],"was":[107],"as":[109],"survey":[111],"instrument.":[112],"primary":[114],"data":[115],"were":[116,130,137,164],"collected":[117],"from":[118],"sample":[120],"251":[122],"final-year":[123],"students":[124,210],"management":[127],"field":[128],"who":[129],"enrolled":[131],"research-intensive":[133,221],"universities.":[135,223],"Data":[136],"analyzed":[138],"through":[139],"structural":[141],"equation":[142],"modeling":[143],"(SEM)":[144],"technique":[145],"using":[146],"AMOS":[147],"24":[148],"software.":[149],"Findings":[150,151],"confirmed":[152],"BF":[155,175,235,255],"EM,":[158,178,238,258],"PBC,":[159,179,239,259],"SN,":[160,180,260],"ATE":[161,170,250],"EFs":[163,242],"positively":[165],"related":[166],"EI.":[168],"Furthermore,":[169],"mediated":[171,251],"EF,":[181],"EI":[183,207,245,263],"Research":[188],"limitations/implications":[189],"research":[191],"provides":[192],"critical":[193],"insights":[194],"into":[195],"antecedents,":[198],"example,":[200],"EFs,":[203],"explaining":[205],"future":[212],"graduates.":[213],"However,":[214],"results":[215],"can":[216],"only":[217],"be":[218],"generalized":[219],"Originality/value":[224],"investigated":[227],"SN":[240],"predicting":[244],"EF":[261],"these":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T07:30:30.508283","created_date":"2021-06-22T00:00:00"}
