{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2489190903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2016-0018","title":"The impact of middle management commitment on improvement initiatives in public organisations","display_name":"The impact of middle management commitment on improvement initiatives in public organisations","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2489190903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2016-0018","mag":"2489190903"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/bpmj-01-2016-0018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2016-0018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2508752","display_name":"Business Process Management Journal","issn_l":"1463-7154","issn":["1463-7154","1758-4116"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Business Process Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-impact-of-middle-management-commitment-on-improvement-initiatives-in-public-organisations(c14da9d1-f255-4805-8104-70e7f4f31f55).html","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086327202","display_name":"Abdullah Alhaqbani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Alhaqbani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Operations and Systems Management, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Operations and Systems Management, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034791252","display_name":"Deborah M. Reed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deborah M Reed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Operations and Systems Management, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Operations and Systems Management, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075677801","display_name":"Barbara Savage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2972-151X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara M Savage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Operations and Systems Management, University of Portsmouth, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Operations and Systems Management, University of Portsmouth, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015965876","display_name":"Jana Ries","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-0019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jana Ries","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Operations and Systems Management, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Operations and Systems Management, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086327202"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3206,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9416419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"5","first_page":"924","last_page":"938"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10164","display_name":"Quality and Supply Management","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10797","display_name":"Accounting and Organizational Management","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-management","display_name":"Middle management","score":0.8006249070167542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.6478503942489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centralisation","display_name":"Centralisation","score":0.5946887135505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.5089175701141357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-commitment","display_name":"Organizational commitment","score":0.49147355556488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-management","display_name":"Quality management","score":0.4901510179042816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/questionnaire","display_name":"Questionnaire","score":0.4354203939437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4223259389400482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.41835296154022217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3553594946861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.35081547498703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.3052837550640106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.16228938102722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.12596115469932556}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160682292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q999897","display_name":"Middle management","level":2,"score":0.8006249070167542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6478503942489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778786385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190632","display_name":"Centralisation","level":2,"score":0.5946887135505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5089175701141357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83030740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267236","display_name":"Organizational commitment","level":2,"score":0.49147355556488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71405471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757012","display_name":"Quality management","level":3,"score":0.4901510179042816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59364581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747810","display_name":"Questionnaire","level":2,"score":0.4354203939437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4223259389400482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41835296154022217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3553594946861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.35081547498703003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3052837550640106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.16228938102722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12596115469932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/bpmj-01-2016-0018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-01-2016-0018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2508752","display_name":"Business Process Management Journal","issn_l":"1463-7154","issn":["1463-7154","1758-4116"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Business Process Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchportal.port.ac.uk:publications/c14da9d1-f255-4805-8104-70e7f4f31f55","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-impact-of-middle-management-commitment-on-improvement-initiatives-in-public-organisations(c14da9d1-f255-4805-8104-70e7f4f31f55).html","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401774","display_name":"Portsmouth Research Portal (University of Portsmouth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","host_organization_name":"University of Portsmouth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:researchportal.port.ac.uk:publications/c14da9d1-f255-4805-8104-70e7f4f31f55","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-impact-of-middle-management-commitment-on-improvement-initiatives-in-public-organisations(c14da9d1-f255-4805-8104-70e7f4f31f55).html","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401774","display_name":"Portsmouth Research Portal (University of Portsmouth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","host_organization_name":"University of Portsmouth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2489190903.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2489190903.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W181845957","https://openalex.org/W186362352","https://openalex.org/W351745186","https://openalex.org/W566149935","https://openalex.org/W1498874762","https://openalex.org/W1535110649","https://openalex.org/W1546887271","https://openalex.org/W1551878507","https://openalex.org/W1564020028","https://openalex.org/W1573234480","https://openalex.org/W1575435169","https://openalex.org/W1595880849","https://openalex.org/W1969265413","https://openalex.org/W1977006133","https://openalex.org/W1981485849","https://openalex.org/W1993685698","https://openalex.org/W1994140702","https://openalex.org/W2002426511","https://openalex.org/W2003662409","https://openalex.org/W2004734438","https://openalex.org/W2006118101","https://openalex.org/W2006609847","https://openalex.org/W2012250250","https://openalex.org/W2023239132","https://openalex.org/W2029679539","https://openalex.org/W2033654649","https://openalex.org/W2035972342","https://openalex.org/W2043867338","https://openalex.org/W2044203558","https://openalex.org/W2047895656","https://openalex.org/W2052949277","https://openalex.org/W2065186554","https://openalex.org/W2077363686","https://openalex.org/W2079640751","https://openalex.org/W2084924480","https://openalex.org/W2089109584","https://openalex.org/W2091680637","https://openalex.org/W2105737803","https://openalex.org/W2108388346","https://openalex.org/W2115028488","https://openalex.org/W2149106049","https://openalex.org/W2150808789","https://openalex.org/W2155791640","https://openalex.org/W2156809724","https://openalex.org/W2162303495","https://openalex.org/W2172034590","https://openalex.org/W2278324683","https://openalex.org/W2558869346","https://openalex.org/W2907100270","https://openalex.org/W3146815386","https://openalex.org/W4388151271","https://openalex.org/W6645397657"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2138630876","https://openalex.org/W2164064646","https://openalex.org/W2033946052","https://openalex.org/W1588327575","https://openalex.org/W3185323662","https://openalex.org/W3125969300","https://openalex.org/W3123191774","https://openalex.org/W4232265494","https://openalex.org/W2033713573","https://openalex.org/W2107609833"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"\u2013":[1,105,148,272,332],"Top":[2],"management":[3,24,30,36,64,133,167,172,266],"commitment":[4,25,77,97,177,185,206,211,282,292,308,327],"is":[5,89,186,223],"considered":[6],"a":[7,28,60,69,109,116,142,174,214,227,248],"significant":[8],"factor":[9],"in":[10,26,47,101,141,188,198,219,237,297,342],"improvement":[11,79,99,125,284,294,313,329],"programmes,":[12],"and":[13,74,115,127,156,201,212,241,247,254,262,267,349],"many":[14],"papers":[15],"have":[16,68,287,302],"been":[17],"written":[18],"about":[19],"the":[20,84,92,120,136,153,162,165,169,189,199,232,278,310],"role":[21],"of":[22,62,86,94,123,135,138,164,176,184,191,194,205,216,229,234,239,250,277,280,307,312,335],"top":[23],"implementing":[27],"quality":[29,166],"system.":[31,180],"However,":[32],"not":[33],"considering":[34],"other":[35],"levels\u2019":[37],"commitment,":[38,65],"such":[39],"as":[40],"middle":[41,63,95,171,265,274,340],"management,":[42],"may":[43,58],"lead":[44],"to":[45,78,90,118,178,283,319,328,345,350],"issues":[46,258],"achieving":[48],"organisational":[49,220],"development.":[50],"Public":[51],"organisations":[52,300,344],"that":[53,152,179,301],"work":[54],"through":[55,264],"vertical":[56],"structures":[57],"face":[59],"lack":[61,175,183,204,215,228,249],"which":[66,321],"might":[67],"negative":[70],"impact":[71,93,289],"on":[72,290],"lower":[73,154],"non-management":[75,157],"staff":[76,158],"programmes.":[80,330],"In":[81],"this":[82,87,182,336],"regard,":[83],"purpose":[85],"paper":[88],"examine":[91,128],"management\u2019s":[96],"towards":[98,293,309],"initiatives":[100,285],"public":[102,144,299,324,343],"organisations.":[103],"Design/methodology/approach":[104],"Empirical":[106],"research":[107],"with":[108],"mixed-method":[110],"design":[111],"used":[112],"semi-structured":[113],"interviews":[114],"questionnaire":[117,200],"explore":[119],"current":[121,139],"practices":[122,196],"continuous":[124],"(CI)":[126],"employees\u2019":[129,291],"views":[130,193],"from":[131],"different":[132],"levels":[134],"implications":[137,271],"improvements":[140],"Saudi":[143],"service":[145],"organisation.":[146],"Findings":[147],"The":[149,305,333],"analysis":[150,190],"indicated":[151],"managers":[155,341],"agree":[159],"that,":[160],"after":[161],"implementation":[163,311],"system,":[168],"organisation\u2019s":[170],"showed":[173],"Moreover,":[181],"recognised":[187],"participants\u2019":[192],"CI":[195,352],"recorded":[197],"interviews.":[202],"This":[203],"has":[207],"caused":[208],"poor":[209],"employee":[210,230],"thus":[213],"problem":[217],"solving":[218],"departments.":[221],"It":[222],"also":[224],"responsible":[225],"for":[226],"involvement,":[231],"centralisation":[233],"decisions,":[235],"deficiencies":[236],"terms":[238],"determining":[240],"applying":[242],"training,":[243],"inequality":[244],"between":[245,252],"employees":[246,253],"trust":[251],"their":[255,268,281,347],"managers.":[256],"These":[257],"could":[259,338],"be":[260],"managed":[261],"resolved":[263],"commitment.":[269],"Practical":[270],"Increasing":[273],"managers\u2019":[275],"awareness":[276],"importance":[279],"can":[286],"an":[288],"initiatives,":[295],"especially":[296],"those":[298],"vertical/hierarchical":[303],"structures.":[304],"level":[306],"programmes":[314],"needs":[315],"further":[316],"in-depth":[317],"analyses":[318],"identify":[320],"factors":[322],"influence":[323],"organisation":[325],"leaders\u2019":[326],"Originality/value":[331],"results":[334],"study":[337],"motivate":[339],"review":[346],"policies":[348],"facilitate":[351],"initiatives.":[353]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
