{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024282397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650910965191","title":"Towards an intelligent possibilistic web information retrieval using multiagent system","display_name":"Towards an intelligent possibilistic web information retrieval using multiagent system","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024282397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650910965191","mag":"2024282397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/17415650910965191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650910965191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43354291","display_name":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education","issn_l":"1741-5659","issn":["1741-5659","1758-8510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03561226","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065031712","display_name":"Bilel Elayeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5050-2522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29607241","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure - PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/05a0dhs15","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I29607241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83259278","display_name":"Manouba University","ror":"https://ror.org/0503ejf32","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}],"countries":["FR","TN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bilel Elayeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France","Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia","(Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia, and Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189","https://openalex.org/I4210152422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia, and Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I29607241","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031916113","display_name":"Fabrice Evrard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrice Evrard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France","(Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189","https://openalex.org/I4210152422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Toulouse, France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069589689","display_name":"Montaceur Zaghdoud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29607241","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure - PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/05a0dhs15","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I29607241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83259278","display_name":"Manouba University","ror":"https://ror.org/0503ejf32","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]}],"countries":["FR","TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Montaceur Zaghdoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia","(Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29607241"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101562816","display_name":"Mohamed Ben Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6138-5299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29607241","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure - PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/05a0dhs15","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I29607241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83259278","display_name":"Manouba University","ror":"https://ror.org/0503ejf32","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]}],"countries":["FR","TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Ben Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia","(Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83259278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Laboratoire RIADI\u2010GDL, Ecole Nationale des Sciences de l'Informatique (ENSI), Universit\u00e9 de la Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29607241"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065031712"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I29607241","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4210160189","https://openalex.org/I83259278"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0533,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91727778,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"40","last_page":"59"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.875350832939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7852773666381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6913775205612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6145419478416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asset","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","score":0.49863100051879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preference","display_name":"Preference","score":0.49102020263671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2531602382659912}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.875350832939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7852773666381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6913775205612183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6145419478416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.49863100051879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.49102020263671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2531602382659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/17415650910965191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650910965191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43354291","display_name":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education","issn_l":"1741-5659","issn":["1741-5659","1758-8510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03561226v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03561226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 2009, 6 (1), pp.40-59. ⟨10.1108/17415650910965191⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03561226v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03561226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 2009, 6 (1), pp.40-59. ⟨10.1108/17415650910965191⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172720510","https://openalex.org/W1497238062","https://openalex.org/W1518606886","https://openalex.org/W1530942968","https://openalex.org/W1551225669","https://openalex.org/W1643360935","https://openalex.org/W1988711048","https://openalex.org/W2012073998","https://openalex.org/W2019950953","https://openalex.org/W2044746110","https://openalex.org/W2073713926","https://openalex.org/W2074126609","https://openalex.org/W2079333567","https://openalex.org/W2106191117","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2137050234","https://openalex.org/W2148606196","https://openalex.org/W2181106665","https://openalex.org/W2315910961","https://openalex.org/W2901935267","https://openalex.org/W4230588984","https://openalex.org/W4255786022","https://openalex.org/W4299512808","https://openalex.org/W6699251356"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085384747","https://openalex.org/W2106071040","https://openalex.org/W2088166309","https://openalex.org/W4312133475","https://openalex.org/W4238976562","https://openalex.org/W1967370444","https://openalex.org/W2150136235","https://openalex.org/W2157408137","https://openalex.org/W1980762553","https://openalex.org/W4312252109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"The":[1,52,111,159,245,272],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,58,61,89,97,101,108,113,116,124,135,138,147,151,153,172,180,192,227,230,240,267],"this":[4],"paper":[5,53,273],"is":[6,24,39,186,220],"to":[7,12,69,77,169,175,188,196,222,250],"make":[8],"a":[9,42,67,276],"scientific":[10,257],"contribution":[11],"web":[13,22,241,282],"information":[14],"retrieval":[15],"(IR).":[16],"Design/methodology/approach":[17],"A":[18],"multiagent":[19,285],"system":[20,38,104,195,232,246],"for":[21,204,209,281],"IR":[23,283],"proposed":[25],"based":[26,40],"on":[27,41],"new":[28,277],"technologies:":[29],"Hierarchical":[30],"Small\u2010Worlds":[31],"(HSW)":[32],"and":[33,127,161],"Possibilistic":[34],"Networks":[35],"(PN).":[36],"This":[37,92],"possibilistic":[43,136,279],"qualitative":[44,99,278],"approach":[45,100,203],"which":[46],"extends":[47],"the":[48,56,59,73,79,86,90,95,98,102,106,114,122,125,128,133,139,149,154,162,165,170,173,178,181,190,193,202,205,211,228,235,264],"quantitative":[49],"one.":[50],"Findings":[51],"finds":[54],"that":[55],"relevance":[57,137,152],"order":[60],"documents":[62,140,155,179],"changes":[63],"while":[64],"passing":[65],"from":[66],"profile":[68],"another.":[70],"Even":[71],"if":[72],"selected":[74],"terms":[75,83,120,143,174],"tend":[76],"select":[78],"relevant":[80,109,256],"document,":[81],"these":[82,142],"are":[84,167],"not":[85,156],"most":[87],"frequent":[88],"document.":[91],"criterion":[93],"shows":[94],"asset":[96],"SARIPOD":[103,194,231],"in":[105,121,131,164,214,263],"selection":[107],"documents.":[110,242],"insertion":[112],"factors":[115],"preference":[117],"between":[118,177],"query":[119],"calculations":[123],"possibility":[126],"necessity":[129],"consists":[130],"increasing":[132],"scores":[134,150,166],"containing":[141,157],"with":[144,237],"an":[145],"aim":[146],"penalizing":[148],"them.":[158],"penalization":[160],"increase":[163],"proportional":[168],"capacity":[171],"discriminate":[176],"collection.":[182],"Research":[183],"limitations/implications":[184],"It":[185,259],"planned":[187,221],"extend":[189],"tests":[191,236],"other":[197,238],"grammatical":[198],"categories,":[199],"like":[200],"refining":[201],"substantives":[206],"by":[207,233],"considering":[208],"example,":[210],"verbal":[212],"occurrences":[213],"names":[215],"definitions,":[216],"etc.":[217],"Also,":[218],"it":[219],"carry":[223],"out":[224],"finer":[225],"measurements":[226],"performances":[229],"extending":[234],"types":[239],"Practical":[243],"implications":[244],"can":[247],"be":[248,261],"useful":[249],"help":[251],"research":[252,269],"students":[253],"find":[254],"their":[255],"papers.":[258],"must":[260],"located":[262],"document":[265],"server":[266],"any":[268],"laboratory.":[270],"Originality/value":[271],"presents":[274],"SARIPOD,":[275],"model":[280],"using":[284],"system.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}