{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043347499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650780000073","title":"Investigating relationships within the Index of Learning Styles: a data driven approach","display_name":"Investigating relationships within the Index of Learning Styles: a data driven approach","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043347499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650780000073","mag":"2043347499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/17415650780000073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650780000073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43354291","display_name":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education","issn_l":"1741-5659","issn":["1741-5659","1758-8510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110237177","display_name":"Silvia Rita Viola","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86897205","display_name":"Athabasca University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y3xgc52","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Rita Viola","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, Alberta T9S 3A3, Canada","(School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, Alberta T9S 3A3, Canada)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, Alberta T9S 3A3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, Alberta T9S 3A3, Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054372178","display_name":"Sabine Graf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-4145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabine Graf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Women\u2019s Postgraduate College for Internet Technologies, Vienna University of Technology, Favoritenstrasse 9\u201011/E188\u20104, A\u20101040 Vienna, Austria","Vienna University of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Women\u2019s Postgraduate College for Internet Technologies, Vienna University of Technology, Favoritenstrasse 9\u201011/E188\u20104, A\u20101040 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004362992","display_name":"Kinshuk Kinshuk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86897205","display_name":"Athabasca University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y3xgc52","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kinshuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, Alberta T9S 3A3, Canada","Athabasca University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, Alberta T9S 3A3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Athabasca University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110167259","display_name":"Tommaso Leo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86897205","display_name":"Athabasca University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y3xgc52","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommaso Leo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, Alberta T9S 3A3, Canada","Athabasca University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Systems, Athabasca University, 1 University Drive, Athabasca, Alberta T9S 3A3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Athabasca University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110237177"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86897205"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9704,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94934651,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"7","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11820","display_name":"Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11820","display_name":"Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-styles","display_name":"Learning styles","score":0.7320096492767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5293812155723572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49259597063064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.48146238923072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.4444517493247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4369164705276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35731714963912964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3442460298538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.2936030626296997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781285556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820370","display_name":"Learning styles","level":2,"score":0.7320096492767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5293812155723572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49259597063064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.48146238923072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.4444517493247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4369164705276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35731714963912964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3442460298538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2936030626296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/17415650780000073","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/17415650780000073","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43354291","display_name":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education","issn_l":"1741-5659","issn":["1741-5659","1758-8510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.142.509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.142.509","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://wit.tuwien.ac.at/people/graf/publications/viola_graf_kinshuk_leo_ITSE4-1-2.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.univpm.it:11566/25365","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11566/25365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402571","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche (Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","host_organization_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.75,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320279","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320816","display_name":"Massey University","ror":"https://ror.org/052czxv31"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556225522","https://openalex.org/W1577199596","https://openalex.org/W1991326534","https://openalex.org/W2002664886","https://openalex.org/W2021071494","https://openalex.org/W2052696562","https://openalex.org/W2057720927","https://openalex.org/W2071636086","https://openalex.org/W2076983043","https://openalex.org/W2079201812","https://openalex.org/W2083045440","https://openalex.org/W2108973337","https://openalex.org/W2124276821","https://openalex.org/W2132526873","https://openalex.org/W2133605158","https://openalex.org/W2135223917","https://openalex.org/W2142509841","https://openalex.org/W2148694408","https://openalex.org/W2159306398","https://openalex.org/W2166325326","https://openalex.org/W2170644967","https://openalex.org/W2327188017","https://openalex.org/W2335821216","https://openalex.org/W2491057826","https://openalex.org/W2800559265","https://openalex.org/W2913293464","https://openalex.org/W2999886563","https://openalex.org/W3148300490","https://openalex.org/W3195234955","https://openalex.org/W4213301475","https://openalex.org/W4230846739","https://openalex.org/W4237462920","https://openalex.org/W4292023222","https://openalex.org/W4299542564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W2350879319","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W4306321456","https://openalex.org/W4285260836","https://openalex.org/W3046775127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning":[0,80],"styles":[1,20,89,140],"are":[2,32,160,162,165,201],"incorporated":[3],"more":[4,6],"and":[5,46,52,128,141,176,185,203,208,224],"in":[7,10,113,157],"e\u2010education,":[8],"mostly":[9],"order":[11,114],"to":[12,17,54,57,86,103,115,144,217],"provide":[13],"adaptivity":[14],"with":[15,168,215],"respect":[16,216],"the":[18,28,60,65,77,119,134,150,169,179,183,186,189,204,218],"learning":[19,25,41,66,88,94,120,139],"of":[21,79,99,149,178,191,206,210,213],"students.":[22],"For":[23],"identifying":[24],"styles,":[26],"at":[27],"present":[29,156],"time":[30],"questionnaires":[31,37],"widely":[33],"used.":[34],"While":[35],"such":[36],"exist":[38],"for":[39,146,194,221],"most":[40],"style":[42,67,95],"models,":[43],"their":[44],"validity":[45,148,175],"reliability":[47,177],"is":[48,102],"an":[49],"important":[50],"issue":[51],"has":[53],"be":[55],"investigated":[56],"guarantee":[58],"that":[59,159],"questionnaire":[61,85],"really":[62],"assesses":[63],"what":[64],"theory":[68],"aims":[69],"at.":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72,100],"paper,":[73],"we":[74],"focus":[75],"on":[76,91],"Index":[78],"Styles":[81],"(ILS),":[82],"a":[83,110],"44\u2010item":[84],"identify":[87],"based":[90],"Felder\u2010":[92],"Silverman":[93],"model.":[96],"The":[97],"aim":[98],"paper":[101],"analyse":[104],"data":[105,214],"gathered":[106],"from":[107],"ILS":[108,151,180],"by":[109,124,130,172],"data\u2010driven":[111,192],"approach":[112],"investigate":[116],"relationships":[117],"within":[118],"styles.":[121],"Results,":[122],"obtained":[123],"Multiple":[125],"Correspondence":[126],"Analysis":[127],"cross\u2010validated":[129],"correlation":[131],"analysis,":[132],"show":[133,188],"consistent":[135],"dependencies":[136,200],"between":[137],"some":[138],"lead":[142],"then":[143,166],"conclude":[145],"scarce":[147],"questionnaire.":[152,181],"Some":[153],"latent":[154],"dimensions":[155],"data,":[158],"unexpected,":[161],"discussed.":[163],"Results":[164],"compared":[167],"ones":[170],"given":[171],"literature":[173],"concerning":[174],"Both":[182],"results":[184],"comparisons":[187],"effectiveness":[190],"methods":[193,219],"patterns":[195],"extraction":[196],"even":[197],"when":[198],"unexpected":[199],"found":[202],"importance":[205],"coherence":[207],"consistency":[209],"mathematical":[211],"representation":[212],"selected":[220],"effective,":[222],"precise":[223],"accurate":[225],"modelling.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}