{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2170009531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/09685229810225001","title":"The evolution of information technology","display_name":"The evolution of information technology","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2170009531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/09685229810225001","mag":"2170009531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/09685229810225001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/09685229810225001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204075876","display_name":"Information Management & Computer Security","issn_l":"0968-5227","issn":["0968-5227","1758-5805"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Management &amp; Computer Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097885159","display_name":"Ernest\u2010Jan Mutsaers","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ernest\u2010Jan Mutsaers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Senior Manager, Nolan Norton & Co., Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Senior Manager, Nolan Norton & Co., Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052314612","display_name":"Han van der Zee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han van der Zee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Director, Nolan Norton Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director, Nolan Norton Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007408693","display_name":"Henrik Giertz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrik Giertz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Senior Manager, KPMG Nolan Norton, Stockholm, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Senior Manager, KPMG Nolan Norton, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5097885159"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6646,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75069832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"115","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.8848999738693237,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.8848999738693237,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11572","display_name":"Information Technology Governance and Strategy","score":0.8429999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.6168718338012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.5676419734954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5377040505409241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-technology","display_name":"Information technology","score":0.48012280464172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.43727853894233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-theory","display_name":"Development theory","score":0.42087456583976746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-theory","display_name":"Management theory","score":0.4106369614601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3906998932361603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.35943466424942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.33883535861968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.33683767914772034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.33258554339408875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.32644087076187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.2487611472606659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.1849353313446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1571834683418274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.15318351984024048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.1126575767993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.08629751205444336}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.6168718338012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5676419734954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5377040505409241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121017731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661","display_name":"Information technology","level":2,"score":0.48012280464172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.43727853894233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162919384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6883388","display_name":"Development theory","level":2,"score":0.42087456583976746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992591114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management theory","level":2,"score":0.4106369614601135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3906998932361603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.35943466424942017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.33883535861968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.33683767914772034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33258554339408875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.32644087076187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2487611472606659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1849353313446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1571834683418274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15318351984024048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1126575767993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08629751205444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/09685229810225001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/09685229810225001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204075876","display_name":"Information Management & Computer Security","issn_l":"0968-5227","issn":["0968-5227","1758-5805"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Management &amp; Computer Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W317264113","https://openalex.org/W2391158636","https://openalex.org/W2810834949","https://openalex.org/W353876268","https://openalex.org/W2064252885","https://openalex.org/W2486000516","https://openalex.org/W4238220465","https://openalex.org/W2061645116","https://openalex.org/W2739065081","https://openalex.org/W2141349441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,100],"first":[1],"version":[2],"of":[3,15,34,37,70,85,98,119,129,146],"the":[4,13,16,27,35,47,68,107,123,127,130,141,147],"Nolan":[5,94],"Stages":[6,131],"Theory":[7,132],"appeared":[8],"in":[9,40,46,49,133],"1973.":[10],"It":[11,42],"explained":[12],"dynamics":[14],"increasingly":[17],"vital":[18],"production":[19],"factor":[20],"called":[21],"IT.":[22],"This":[23],"theory":[24,101],"is":[25],"probably":[26],"most":[28,31],"well\u2010known":[29],"and":[30,54,65,95,111,143],"widespread":[32],"framework":[33],"development":[36,128],"information":[38],"technology":[39],"organisations.":[41],"provides":[43],"many":[44],"insights":[45],"ways":[48],"which":[50],"IT":[51,66,109,144],"has":[52,102,112],"evolved":[53],"continues":[55],"to":[56,106,135,138,150],"evolve.":[57],"Moreover,":[58],"it":[59],"offers":[60],"both":[61],"senior":[62],"(business)":[63],"management":[64,67],"possibility":[69],"directing":[71],"this":[72],"complex":[73],"phenomenon,":[74],"without":[75],"immediately":[76],"going":[77],"into":[78],"technical":[79],"details.":[80],"Since":[81],"1973,":[82],"a":[83,96,116],"number":[84,97,118],"associated":[86],"articles":[87],"have":[88],"been":[89,104,113],"published":[90],"by":[91,115],"Richard":[92],"L.":[93],"co\u2010authors.":[99],"continuously":[103],"adapted":[105],"current":[108],"environment":[110],"applied":[114],"huge":[117],"large":[120],"companies":[121],"throughout":[122],"world.":[124],"Proceeds":[125],"with":[126,140],"order":[134],"be":[136],"able":[137],"deal":[139],"business":[142],"issues":[145],"next":[148],"five":[149],"ten":[151],"years.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
