{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991131861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920910994295","title":"Design, analysis and simulation of an optimal wage contract in firms","display_name":"Design, analysis and simulation of an optimal wage contract in firms","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991131861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920910994295","mag":"1991131861"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/03684920910994295","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920910994295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168682784","display_name":"Kybernetes","issn_l":"0368-492X","issn":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kybernetes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056652179","display_name":"Wenxia You","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenxia You","raw_affiliation_strings":["System Engineering Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","(System Engineering Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"System Engineering Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(System Engineering Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043560138","display_name":"Xianjia Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0780-2738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianjia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["System Engineering Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","(System Engineering Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"System Engineering Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(System Engineering Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056652179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1687786,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"10","first_page":"1778","last_page":"1786"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.9567999839782715,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wage","display_name":"Wage","score":0.8014752268791199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-hazard","display_name":"Moral hazard","score":0.6818281412124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.595780611038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.5479483604431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contract-management","display_name":"Contract management","score":0.5040744543075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.4711025357246399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.45589354634284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensating-differential","display_name":"Compensating differential","score":0.4491788446903229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pareto-principle","display_name":"Pareto principle","score":0.4391118884086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficiency-wage","display_name":"Efficiency wage","score":0.4256574511528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-economics","display_name":"Labour economics","score":0.3770712614059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.31593650579452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.20196688175201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wage-share","display_name":"Wage share","score":0.11614638566970825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.8014752268791199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44454","display_name":"Moral hazard","level":3,"score":0.6818281412124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.595780611038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.5479483604431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55451941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783273","display_name":"Contract management","level":2,"score":0.5040744543075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4711025357246399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45589354634284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13110393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156251","display_name":"Compensating differential","level":5,"score":0.4491788446903229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137635306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182667","display_name":"Pareto principle","level":2,"score":0.4391118884086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6968784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193835","display_name":"Efficiency wage","level":3,"score":0.4256574511528015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.3770712614059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31593650579452515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.20196688175201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130944947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571044","display_name":"Wage share","level":4,"score":0.11614638566970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/03684920910994295","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920910994295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168682784","display_name":"Kybernetes","issn_l":"0368-492X","issn":["0368-492X","1758-7883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kybernetes","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964319391","https://openalex.org/W2002571880","https://openalex.org/W2003535680","https://openalex.org/W2016793697","https://openalex.org/W2042857657","https://openalex.org/W2052888666","https://openalex.org/W2056861376","https://openalex.org/W2078778250","https://openalex.org/W3121239793","https://openalex.org/W3159252451","https://openalex.org/W4239041053"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2370375127","https://openalex.org/W1568242153","https://openalex.org/W2110694799","https://openalex.org/W2029946403","https://openalex.org/W2330104615","https://openalex.org/W2003798038","https://openalex.org/W2148882748","https://openalex.org/W1503611771","https://openalex.org/W3123191060","https://openalex.org/W2120573497"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"The":[1,140,179],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,13,19,91,116],"this":[4],"paper":[5,180],"is":[6,50,61,101,128,135,145],"to":[7,27,63,80,88,137,153],"analyze":[8],"and":[9,24,26,39,70,82,100,156,171],"solve":[10],"the":[11,30,56,64,71,75,89,93,105,109,113,124,131,138,158,167,173,186],"problem":[12],"moral":[14],"hazard":[15],"in":[16,190],"firms":[17,23,83],"because":[18],"asymmetry":[20],"information":[21],"between":[22],"workers":[25,81,152],"contract":[28,48,59,68,79,96,134,144],"upon":[29],"workers'":[31],"shiftless":[32],"actions.":[33],"Design/methodology/approach":[34],"Based":[35],"on":[36,123],"principle\u2010agent":[37],"theory":[38],"human":[40,187],"resource":[41,188],"management":[42,189],"practice,":[43],"an":[44],"optimal":[45,76,136,141],"dynamic":[46,57,77,94,110,132,142],"wage":[47,58,67,78,95,111,133,143],"model":[49,60,69],"designed.":[51],"By":[52],"applying":[53],"simulation":[54],"technology,":[55],"compared":[62],"general":[65],"static":[66,106],"affects":[72],"made":[73],"by":[74,176],"are":[84],"analyzed.":[85],"Findings":[86],"According":[87],"consequences":[90],"simulation,":[92],"has":[97,119],"better":[98],"characteristics":[99],"more":[102],"practical":[103],"than":[104],"one.":[107],"In":[108],"contract,":[112],"current":[114],"action":[115],"a":[117,120],"worker":[118],"persistent":[121],"effect":[122],"future":[125],"outcome.":[126],"It":[127,147],"proved":[129],"that":[130],"firm.":[139],"renegation\u2010proofness.":[146],"not":[148],"only":[149],"can":[150,165],"incentive":[151,169],"work":[154],"hard":[155],"help":[157],"firm":[159],"achieve":[160],"Pareto":[161],"efficiency,":[162],"but":[163],"also":[164],"smooth":[166],"firm's":[168],"costs":[170],"reduce":[172],"risk":[174],"born":[175],"workers.":[177],"Originality/value":[178],"provides":[181],"some":[182],"reasonable":[183],"conclusions":[184],"for":[185],"firms.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}