{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3008671960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa125","title":"Composite Kernel Association Test (CKAT) for SNP-set joint assessment of genotype and genotype-by-treatment interaction in Pharmacogenetics studies","display_name":"Composite Kernel Association Test (CKAT) for SNP-set joint assessment of genotype and genotype-by-treatment interaction in Pharmacogenetics studies","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3008671960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa125","mag":"3008671960","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32101275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa125","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa125","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/36/10/3162/33204485/btaa125.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/36/10/3162/33204485/btaa125.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016992582","display_name":"Hong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8869-8671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133369","display_name":"Decision Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gcvf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133369"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285764155","display_name":"Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02891sr49","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences , Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences , Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155","https://openalex.org/I4210133369"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022433604","display_name":"Ni Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7762-3949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ni Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020047598","display_name":"Devan V. Mehrotra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0316-7362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285764155","display_name":"Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02891sr49","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133369","display_name":"Decision Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gcvf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133369"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devan V Mehrotra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences , Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., North Wales, PA 19454, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences , Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., North Wales, PA 19454, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155","https://openalex.org/I4210133369"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084707794","display_name":"Judong Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6150-1034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285764155","display_name":"Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02891sr49","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133369","display_name":"Decision Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gcvf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133369"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Judong Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences , Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences , Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155","https://openalex.org/I4210133369"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022433604","https://openalex.org/A5084707794"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155","https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I4210133369"],"apc_list":{"value":3618,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3618},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5381,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69869713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"10","first_page":"3162","last_page":"3168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11112","display_name":"Viral Infections and Immunology Research","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10276","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-i-and-type-ii-errors","display_name":"Type I and type II errors","score":0.598899245262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.577735960483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-wide-association-study","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","score":0.558115541934967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacogenetics","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics","score":0.5438351035118103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-association","display_name":"Genetic association","score":0.5130180716514587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.4994068145751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-nucleotide-polymorphism","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","score":0.4589878022670746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snp","display_name":"SNP","score":0.45661821961402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-power","display_name":"Statistical power","score":0.44870415329933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-size-determination","display_name":"Sample size determination","score":0.4424680471420288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association-test","display_name":"Association test","score":0.4383543133735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.4122255742549896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.38483312726020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genotype","display_name":"Genotype","score":0.30644556879997253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2973400354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.232220858335495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.20097222924232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.1643546223640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.09249338507652283}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40696583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989120","display_name":"Type I and type II errors","level":2,"score":0.598899245262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.577735960483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106208931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098876","display_name":"Genome-wide association study","level":5,"score":0.558115541934967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55775858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152227","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics","level":4,"score":0.5438351035118103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186413461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744727","display_name":"Genetic association","level":5,"score":0.5130180716514587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4994068145751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.4589878022670746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139275648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17134011","display_name":"SNP","level":5,"score":0.45661821961402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96608239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199823","display_name":"Statistical power","level":2,"score":0.44870415329933167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.4424680471420288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994538360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774081","display_name":"Association test","level":5,"score":0.4383543133735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.4122255742549896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38483312726020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.30644556879997253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2973400354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.232220858335495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.20097222924232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1643546223640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.09249338507652283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005838","descriptor_name":"Genotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010597","descriptor_name":"Pharmacogenetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010597","descriptor_name":"Pharmacogenetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010597","descriptor_name":"Pharmacogenetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020641","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055106","descriptor_name":"Genome-Wide Association Study","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa125","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa125","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/36/10/3162/33204485/btaa125.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32101275","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32101275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa125","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa125","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/36/10/3162/33204485/btaa125.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3008671960.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3008671960.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W434887191","https://openalex.org/W1516274582","https://openalex.org/W1528905581","https://openalex.org/W1568435710","https://openalex.org/W1980991473","https://openalex.org/W2020427316","https://openalex.org/W2030701454","https://openalex.org/W2044346471","https://openalex.org/W2054019764","https://openalex.org/W2055705596","https://openalex.org/W2063406441","https://openalex.org/W2063655230","https://openalex.org/W2064273032","https://openalex.org/W2064390634","https://openalex.org/W2093453252","https://openalex.org/W2100909778","https://openalex.org/W2115999384","https://openalex.org/W2159063798","https://openalex.org/W2163953557","https://openalex.org/W2170055238","https://openalex.org/W2300795841","https://openalex.org/W2460516726","https://openalex.org/W2559028527","https://openalex.org/W2582069104","https://openalex.org/W2901548113","https://openalex.org/W2901615848","https://openalex.org/W4214894679","https://openalex.org/W4301861531","https://openalex.org/W6698032535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386773228","https://openalex.org/W3003558595","https://openalex.org/W2752163332","https://openalex.org/W3195675344","https://openalex.org/W2130566053","https://openalex.org/W2018863440","https://openalex.org/W2137338763","https://openalex.org/W3113118296","https://openalex.org/W2728179224","https://openalex.org/W2030905385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Supplementary":[0],"data":[1],"are":[2],"available":[3],"at":[4],"Bioinformatics":[5],"online.":[6]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}