{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4255619361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh120","title":"The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database","display_name":"The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4255619361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh120","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14681351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/nar/gkh120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh120","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/nar/article-pdf/32/suppl_1/D27/7622052/gkh120.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134668137","display_name":"Nucleic Acids Research","issn_l":"0305-1048","issn":["0305-1048","1362-4954","1362-4962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nucleic Acids Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/nar/article-pdf/32/suppl_1/D27/7622052/gkh120.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107347002","display_name":"T. Kulikova","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87048295","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87048295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","display_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02catss52","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112","https://openalex.org/I4210138560"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T. Kulikova","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK. kulikova@ebi.ac.uk","EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK. kulikova@ebi.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112","https://openalex.org/I87048295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107347002"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112","https://openalex.org/I87048295"],"apc_list":{"value":3630,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3630},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":167,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98632882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"90001","first_page":"27D","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11048","display_name":"Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genbank","display_name":"GenBank","score":0.8781485557556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7149208784103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.6819847226142883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/file-transfer-protocol","display_name":"File Transfer Protocol","score":0.5293798446655273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence-database","display_name":"Sequence database","score":0.5205539464950562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.510246753692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4324774146080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nucleic-acid-sequence","display_name":"Nucleic acid sequence","score":0.42026659846305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.39687415957450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.30588704347610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.3014984130859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.29236793518066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2856760621070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.23055872321128845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.10623481869697571}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79029880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901755","display_name":"GenBank","level":3,"score":0.8781485557556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7149208784103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.6819847226142883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169485995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42283","display_name":"File Transfer Protocol","level":3,"score":0.5293798446655273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41584329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175902","display_name":"Sequence database","level":3,"score":0.5205539464950562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.510246753692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4324774146080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84148353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863908","display_name":"Nucleic acid sequence","level":3,"score":0.42026659846305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.39687415957450867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.30588704347610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3014984130859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.29236793518066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2856760621070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.23055872321128845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.10623481869697571}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016247","descriptor_name":"Information Storage and Retrieval","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020407","descriptor_name":"Internet","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030561","descriptor_name":"Databases, Nucleic Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030561","descriptor_name":"Databases, Nucleic Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D030561","descriptor_name":"Databases, Nucleic Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/nar/gkh120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh120","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/nar/article-pdf/32/suppl_1/D27/7622052/gkh120.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134668137","display_name":"Nucleic Acids Research","issn_l":"0305-1048","issn":["0305-1048","1362-4954","1362-4962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nucleic Acids Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14681351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14681351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nucleic acids research","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:161279","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC308854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:308854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/308854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nucleic Acids Res","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/nar/gkh120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh120","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/nar/article-pdf/32/suppl_1/D27/7622052/gkh120.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134668137","display_name":"Nucleic Acids Research","issn_l":"0305-1048","issn":["0305-1048","1362-4954","1362-4962"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nucleic Acids Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4255619361.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4255619361.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532202009","https://openalex.org/W1972017488","https://openalex.org/W1996423252","https://openalex.org/W2007550282","https://openalex.org/W2022366078","https://openalex.org/W2100471807","https://openalex.org/W2106882534","https://openalex.org/W2108401170","https://openalex.org/W2112118427","https://openalex.org/W2129748900","https://openalex.org/W2143299777","https://openalex.org/W2143395586","https://openalex.org/W2148853951","https://openalex.org/W2153687224","https://openalex.org/W2154120389","https://openalex.org/W2154139219","https://openalex.org/W2159604840","https://openalex.org/W2168507922","https://openalex.org/W2170479957","https://openalex.org/W4232185019","https://openalex.org/W4246395620","https://openalex.org/W4253759977"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229706141","https://openalex.org/W2150215096","https://openalex.org/W4238935654","https://openalex.org/W4232188079","https://openalex.org/W1530540721","https://openalex.org/W2163261777","https://openalex.org/W2415364668","https://openalex.org/W2118389484","https://openalex.org/W2491053339","https://openalex.org/W1543596171"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,22,52,99,112],"EMBL":[1,164],"Nucleotide":[2,165],"Sequence":[3,114,166],"Database":[4,94],"(http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl/),":[5],"maintained":[6],"at":[7,194],"the":[8,41,57,90,121,160,163,168,174,176,190],"European":[9,91],"Bioinformatics":[10],"Institute":[11],"(EBI),":[12],"incorporates,":[13],"organizes":[14],"and":[15,34,71,88,109,119,124,146,180],"distributes":[16],"nucleotide":[17,64,123],"sequences":[18,158],"from":[19,83,89],"public":[20],"sources.":[21],"database":[23],"is":[24,56],"a":[25,45,140],"part":[26],"of":[27,63,81,142,173],"an":[28],"international":[29],"collaboration":[30],"with":[31],"DDBJ":[32],"(Japan)":[33],"GenBank":[35],"(USA).":[36],"Data":[37],"are":[38,77,96,148],"exchanged":[39],"between":[40],"collaborating":[42],"databases":[43,126],"on":[44],"daily":[46],"basis":[47],"to":[48,154],"achieve":[49],"optimal":[50],"synchrony.":[51],"web-based":[53],"tool,":[54],"Webin,":[55],"preferred":[58],"system":[59],"for":[60,79],"individual":[61],"submission":[62,75,80],"sequences,":[65],"including":[66],"Third":[67],"Party":[68],"Annotation":[69],"(TPA)":[70],"alignment":[72],"data.":[73],"Automatic":[74],"procedures":[76],"used":[78],"data":[82,101,161,178],"large-scale":[84],"genome":[85],"sequencing":[86],"centres":[87],"Patent":[92],"Office.":[93],"releases":[95],"produced":[97],"quarterly.":[98],"latest":[100],"collection":[102],"can":[103,186],"be":[104,187],"accessed":[105,188],"via":[106,189],"FTP,":[107],"email":[108],"WWW":[110],"interfaces.":[111],"EBI's":[113],"Retrieval":[115],"System":[116],"(SRS)":[117],"integrates":[118],"links":[120],"main":[122],"protein":[125],"as":[127,129],"well":[128],"many":[130],"other":[131,181],"specialist":[132],"molecular":[133],"biology":[134],"databases.":[135,182],"For":[136],"sequence":[137],"similarity":[138],"searching,":[139],"variety":[141],"tools":[143],"(e.g.":[144],"FASTA":[145],"BLAST)":[147],"available":[149,184],"that":[150],"allow":[151],"external":[152],"users":[153],"compare":[155],"their":[156],"own":[157],"against":[159],"in":[162],"Database,":[167],"complete":[169],"genomic":[170],"component":[171],"subsection":[172],"database,":[175],"WGS":[177],"sets":[179],"All":[183],"resources":[185],"EBI":[191],"home":[192],"page":[193],"http://www.ebi.ac.uk.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}