{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2097831824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exp039","title":"Verification of Games in the Game Description Language","display_name":"Verification of Games in the Game Description Language","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2097831824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exp039","mag":"2097831824"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/logcom/exp039","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exp039","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47057106","display_name":"Journal of Logic and Computation","issn_l":"0955-792X","issn":["0955-792X","1465-363X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Logic and Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038235942","display_name":"Ji Ruan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4037-0885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail: ; ;","Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail: ; ;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061257841","display_name":"Wiebe van der Hoek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0721-0310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W. van der Hoek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail: ; ;","Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail: ; ;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065393757","display_name":"Michael Wooldridge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9329-8410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Wooldridge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail: ; ;","Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail: ; ;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.E-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038235942","https://openalex.org/A5061257841","https://openalex.org/A5065393757"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"],"apc_list":{"value":4533,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4533},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2784,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94217977,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"6","first_page":"1127","last_page":"1156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6943085193634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.6262221336364746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.6219843029975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turns-rounds-and-time-keeping-systems-in-games","display_name":"Turns, rounds and time-keeping systems in games","score":0.45840150117874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorial-game-theory","display_name":"Combinatorial game theory","score":0.44815126061439514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-mechanics","display_name":"Game mechanics","score":0.430820494890213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.4168476462364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38274508714675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3637283444404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-game","display_name":"Sequential game","score":0.35178279876708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.33165645599365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.3218705654144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game-design","display_name":"Video game design","score":0.26082608103752136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14800402522087097}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6943085193634033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6262221336364746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6219843029975891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56694532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4421045","display_name":"Turns, rounds and time-keeping systems in games","level":4,"score":0.45840150117874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102234262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320931","display_name":"Combinatorial game theory","level":4,"score":0.44815126061439514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170828538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751513","display_name":"Game mechanics","level":2,"score":0.430820494890213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.4168476462364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38274508714675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3637283444404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73795354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287618","display_name":"Sequential game","level":3,"score":0.35178279876708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.33165645599365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.3218705654144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47187476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12336660","display_name":"Video game design","level":3,"score":0.26082608103752136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14800402522087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/logcom/exp039","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exp039","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47057106","display_name":"Journal of Logic and Computation","issn_l":"0955-792X","issn":["0955-792X","1465-363X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Logic and Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.147.6012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.147.6012","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.csc.liv.ac.uk/~mjw/pubs/jlc2009a.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W198702368","https://openalex.org/W1485309947","https://openalex.org/W1497329491","https://openalex.org/W1500928105","https://openalex.org/W1506588809","https://openalex.org/W1540180001","https://openalex.org/W1586338668","https://openalex.org/W1596365597","https://openalex.org/W1605195718","https://openalex.org/W1606443439","https://openalex.org/W1612453857","https://openalex.org/W1982773655","https://openalex.org/W1983796355","https://openalex.org/W2021774774","https://openalex.org/W2043435342","https://openalex.org/W2048905609","https://openalex.org/W2099587183","https://openalex.org/W2102886905","https://openalex.org/W2138162238","https://openalex.org/W2139978539","https://openalex.org/W2145943363","https://openalex.org/W2159753366","https://openalex.org/W2161880503","https://openalex.org/W2170234080","https://openalex.org/W2240169856","https://openalex.org/W2340735175","https://openalex.org/W2913459036","https://openalex.org/W4238392420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3131253889","https://openalex.org/W3199618787","https://openalex.org/W1551106583","https://openalex.org/W2978401337","https://openalex.org/W2490370263","https://openalex.org/W4297809655","https://openalex.org/W2293565646","https://openalex.org/W3122497129","https://openalex.org/W2132625905","https://openalex.org/W1932937768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Game":[1,21],"Description":[2],"Language":[3],"(GDL)":[4],"is":[5,15,101,128,183],"a":[6,43,53,131,164,191],"special":[7],"purpose":[8],"declarative":[9],"language":[10,166],"for":[11,87,167],"defining":[12],"games.":[13,149,205],"GDL":[14,159,181],"used":[16],"in":[17,34,47,58,80],"the":[18,26,39,48,81,103,123,139,152,173],"AAAI":[19],"General":[20],"Playing":[22],"Competition,":[23],"which":[24,197],"tests":[25],"ability":[27,40],"of":[28,83,96,118,125,142,175,193,203],"computer":[29],"programs":[30],"to":[31,41,63,70,112,129,145,189],"play":[32,42,71],"games":[33],"general,":[35],"rather":[36],"than":[37],"just":[38],"specific":[44],"game.":[45,73],"Participants":[46],"competition":[49],"are":[50,61,109],"provided":[51],"with":[52,138],"previously":[54],"unknown":[55],"game":[56],"specified":[57],"GDL,":[59,137],"and":[60,65,99,136,170],"required":[62],"dynamically":[64],"autonomously":[66],"determine":[67],"how":[68],"best":[69,104],"this":[72,126],"Recently,":[74],"there":[75],"has":[76],"been":[77],"much":[78],"interest":[79],"use":[82,187],"strategic":[84],"cooperation":[85],"logics":[86,108],"reasoning":[88,114],"about":[89,115,147],"game-like":[90],"scenarios\u2014the":[91],"Alternating-time":[92],"Temporal":[93],"Logic":[94],"(ATL)":[95],"Alur,":[97],"Henzinger,":[98],"Kupferman":[100],"perhaps":[102],"known":[105],"example.":[106],"Such":[107],"specifically":[110],"intended":[111],"support":[113],"game-theoretic":[116],"properties":[117],"multi-agent":[119],"systems.":[120],"In":[121],"short,":[122],"aim":[124],"article":[127],"make":[130,151],"concrete":[132],"link":[133],"between":[134],"ATL":[135,144,168,177,188],"ultimate":[140],"goal":[141],"using":[143],"reason":[146],"GDL-specified":[148],"We":[150],"following":[153],"contributions.":[154],"First,":[155],"we":[156,186],"demonstrate":[157],"that":[158,172],"can":[160],"be":[161],"understood":[162],"as":[163],"specification":[165],"models,":[169],"prove":[171],"problem":[174],"interpreting":[176],"formulae":[178],"over":[179],"propositional":[180],"descriptions":[182],"EXPTIME-complete.":[184],"Second,":[185],"characterize":[190],"class":[192],"\u2018fair":[194],"playability\u2019":[195],"conditions,":[196],"might":[198,200],"or":[199],"not":[201],"hold":[202],"various":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
