{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005550756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqm049","title":"Permanent Pixels: Building Blocks for the Longevity of Digital Surrogates of Historical Photographs. * Rene van Horik.","display_name":"Permanent Pixels: Building Blocks for the Longevity of Digital Surrogates of Historical Photographs. * Rene van Horik.","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005550756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqm049","mag":"2005550756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/llc/fqm049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqm049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84784070","display_name":"Literary and Linguistic Computing","issn_l":"0268-1145","issn":["0268-1145","1477-4615"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Literary and Linguistic Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/171108/1/Terras_review_permament.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033582512","display_name":"Melissa Terras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6496-3197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Terras","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Library, Archive and Information Studies, University College London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Library, Archive and Information Studies, University College London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033582512"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14903689,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"241","last_page":"242"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9664999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9502999782562256,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitization","display_name":"Digitization","score":0.8179131746292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.6918199062347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-preservation","display_name":"Digital preservation","score":0.5790175795555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.521817147731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5043603181838989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5032116770744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safeguarding","display_name":"Safeguarding","score":0.42848092317581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.35318589210510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11265057325363159}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779308522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843958","display_name":"Digitization","level":2,"score":0.8179131746292114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.6918199062347412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778674798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632897","display_name":"Digital preservation","level":2,"score":0.5790175795555115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.521817147731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5043603181838989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5032116770744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776743756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5097921","display_name":"Safeguarding","level":2,"score":0.42848092317581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.35318589210510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11265057325363159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/llc/fqm049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqm049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84784070","display_name":"Literary and Linguistic Computing","issn_l":"0268-1145","issn":["0268-1145","1477-4615"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Literary and Linguistic Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:171108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/171108/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/171108/1/Terras_review_permament.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   Literary and Linguistic Computing , 23  (2)   pp. 241-242.   (2008)      ","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:171108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/171108/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/171108/1/Terras_review_permament.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   Literary and Linguistic Computing , 23  (2)   pp. 241-242.   (2008)      ","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005550756.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2005550756.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2432652846","https://openalex.org/W2284712959","https://openalex.org/W2181421252","https://openalex.org/W2148078886","https://openalex.org/W2097146382","https://openalex.org/W2137700390","https://openalex.org/W43458197","https://openalex.org/W1589276137","https://openalex.org/W2724898345","https://openalex.org/W42710087"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,103,136,146],"exponential":[1],"growth":[2],"of":[3,12,32,38,54,73,89,99,113,132,150,174,188,199,206,239,255],"digitization":[4],"in":[5,8,168],"memory":[6],"institutions":[7],"the":[9,13,19,22,30,52,71,80,96,127,155,172,184,197,204,211,240],"closing":[10],"parts":[11],"twentieth":[14],"century":[15],"meant":[16],"that":[17,49],"\u2018to":[18],"librarian":[20],"at":[21],"very":[23],"least,":[24],"[the":[25],"1990s]":[26],"could":[27],"be":[28],"termed":[29],"\u2018decade":[31],"digitization\u2019":[33],"\u2026":[34],".":[35],"Countless":[36],"millions":[37],"pounds,":[39],"dollars,":[40],"francs":[41],"and":[42,57,93,95,106,130,140,152,154,226,231,251],"marks":[43],"[were]":[44],"ploughed":[45],"into":[46],"digital":[47,87,101,114,133,169,189,218,248,252],"projects":[48,66],"have":[50],"involved":[51],"conversion":[53],"library,":[55],"museum":[56],"archive":[58],"collections\u2019":[59],"(Lee,":[60],"2002,":[61],"p.":[62],"160).":[63],"Although":[64],"digitisation":[65,72,205],"are":[67],"not":[68],"limited":[69],"to":[70,109,162,243,247],"two":[74,85],"dimensional":[75,86],"static":[76],"media,":[77],"by":[78],"far":[79],"most":[81],"common":[82],"output":[83],"is":[84],"images":[88],"documents,":[90],"manuscripts,":[91],"objects,":[92],"artefacts,":[94],"related":[97],"documentation":[98],"these":[100],"images.":[102],"financial":[104],"investment":[105,122],"effort":[107],"required":[108],"produce":[110],"large":[111],"collections":[112],"image":[115,134,190,253],"surrogates":[116,201,254],"has":[117],"been":[118],"substantial.":[119],"Safeguarding":[120],"this":[121,175],"necessitates":[123],"investigating":[124,210],"issues":[125],"regarding":[126,183],"longevity,":[128],"sustainability,":[129],"preservation":[131],"collections.":[135],"new":[137],"Data":[138],"Archiving":[139],"Networked":[141],"Services":[142],"imprint,":[143],"emanating":[144],"from":[145,203],"Royal":[147],"Netherlands":[148,156],"Academy":[149],"Arts":[151],"Sciences":[153],"Organisation":[157],"for":[158],"Scientific":[159],"Research,":[160],"aims":[161],"publish":[163],"novel":[164],"research":[165],"involving":[166],"\u2018studies":[167],"archiving\u2019.":[170],"In":[171,192],"first":[173],"series,":[176],"Ren\u00e9":[177],"van":[178],"Horik":[179,235],"addresses":[180],"seminal":[181],"questions":[182],"long":[185],"term":[186],"sustainability":[187],"surrogates.":[191],"particular,":[193],"he":[194],"focuses":[195],"on":[196],"issue":[198],"safeguarding":[200],"resulting":[202],"historical":[207,256],"photographs.":[208],"By":[209],"various":[212],"\u2018building":[213],"blocks\u2019":[214],"available":[215,242],"which":[216],"aid":[217],"preservation,":[219],"such":[220],"as":[221],"guidelines,":[222],"procedures,":[223],"tools,":[224],"content,":[225],"file":[227],"format":[228],"standards,":[229],"strategies,":[230],"metadata":[232],"schemas,":[233],"Van":[234],"provides":[236],"an":[237],"overview":[238],"methods":[241],"enable":[244],"long-term":[245],"access":[246],"data":[249],"files,":[250],"artefacts.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}