{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155614098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqag046","title":"A digital humanities approach to Chinese export watercolours: a case study on the Victoria and Albert Museum Collection","display_name":"A digital humanities approach to Chinese export watercolours: a case study on the Victoria and Albert Museum Collection","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155614098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqag046"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/llc/fqag046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqag046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2734814886","display_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","issn_l":"2055-7671","issn":["2055-7671","2055-768X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqag046","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037270149","display_name":"Jin Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6939-6889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jin Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Studies, University College London , London WC1E 6BT,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6939-6889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Studies, University College London , London WC1E 6BT,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023396041","display_name":"Y. S. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8291-7979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangming Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Management, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8291-7979","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Management, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134578747","display_name":"Jiawei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4175-3465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Studies, University College London , London WC1E 6BT,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4175-3465","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Studies, University College London , London WC1E 6BT,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011298140","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Pedro Sousa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7007-1654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Pedro Sousa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Theatre Studies, School of Arts and Humanities of the University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade , Lisbon 1600-214,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7007-1654","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Theatre Studies, School of Arts and Humanities of the University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade , Lisbon 1600-214,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037270149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":{"value":2522,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3093},"apc_paid":{"value":2522,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3093},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49368874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"2","first_page":"692","last_page":"714"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13342","display_name":"Art History and Market Analysis","score":0.11819999665021896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13342","display_name":"Art History and Market Analysis","score":0.11819999665021896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.07569999992847443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12650","display_name":"Aesthetic Perception and Analysis","score":0.07209999859333038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadata","display_name":"Metadata","score":0.7712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/painting","display_name":"Painting","score":0.7504000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iconography","display_name":"Iconography","score":0.6880999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.4481000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-humanities","display_name":"Digital humanities","score":0.42010000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-painting","display_name":"Chinese painting","score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-art","display_name":"Chinese art","score":0.35499998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93518851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160","display_name":"Metadata","level":2,"score":0.7712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205783811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11629","display_name":"Painting","level":2,"score":0.7504000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501303744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208145","display_name":"Iconography","level":2,"score":0.6880999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.5494999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4481000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.444599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24351657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026962","display_name":"Digital humanities","level":2,"score":0.42010000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993157417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919348","display_name":"Chinese painting","level":3,"score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.3901999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3643999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130160918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756615","display_name":"Chinese art","level":3,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139228662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155640","display_name":"Comparative historical research","level":2,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988765800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212805","display_name":"Digital collections","level":2,"score":0.337799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206619068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6457238","display_name":"World history","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778284071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q998434","display_name":"History of the book","level":2,"score":0.3052000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119795817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82972","display_name":"History of China","level":3,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10187730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858517","display_name":"Cultural history","level":2,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993305921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8036315","display_name":"World trade","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554144382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213156","display_name":"Performance art","level":2,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43211506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460162","display_name":"Museology","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513874922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212805","display_name":"Digital library","level":3,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/llc/fqag046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqag046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2734814886","display_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","issn_l":"2055-7671","issn":["2055-7671","2055-768X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/llc/fqag046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqag046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2734814886","display_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","issn_l":"2055-7671","issn":["2055-7671","2055-768X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554338108","https://openalex.org/W2271006311","https://openalex.org/W2506684461","https://openalex.org/W3093547668","https://openalex.org/W3094367671","https://openalex.org/W3153095429","https://openalex.org/W3162128562","https://openalex.org/W3189936991","https://openalex.org/W4286469789","https://openalex.org/W4320492142","https://openalex.org/W4388573673","https://openalex.org/W4401398091","https://openalex.org/W4403828439"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Chinese":[1,35,43,97,212],"Export":[2],"Watercolours":[3],"(CEW)":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6,59,89,162,205],"type":[7],"of":[8,51,197],"painting":[9,38],"created":[10],"for":[11,95,208],"export":[12,98,213],"to":[13,27,122,150,194],"European":[14,37],"and":[15,22,36,49,56,71,75,110,119,127,147,154,167,182,215],"North":[16],"American":[17],"markets":[18],"during":[19,186],"the":[20,52,69,82,107,113,124,152,171,198],"eighteenth":[21],"nineteenth":[23],"centuries,":[24],"which":[25,100],"catered":[26],"Western":[28],"consumers\u2019":[29],"aesthetic":[30],"tastes.":[31],"These":[32],"paintings":[33,134],"blend":[34],"techniques,":[39],"depict":[40],"detailed":[41],"traditional":[42],"occupations,":[44],"customs,":[45],"plants,":[46],"animals,":[47],"architectures,":[48],"landscapes":[50],"late":[53],"Qing":[54],"Dynasty,":[55],"they":[57],"form":[58],"unique":[60],"artistic":[61],"style.":[62],"This":[63],"article":[64,87],"introduces":[65],"collaborative":[66],"research":[67,93,210],"between":[68],"Victoria":[70],"Albert":[72],"Museum":[73],"(V&amp;A)":[74],"University":[76],"College":[77],"London.":[78],"By":[79],"focusing":[80],"on":[81,106,211],"V&amp;A":[83,172,199],"CEW":[84,200],"collection,":[85],"this":[86,187],"presents":[88],"new":[90,206],"digital":[91],"humanities":[92],"model":[94,190],"studying":[96],"art,":[99],"comprises":[101],"different":[102],"parts.":[103],"First,":[104],"based":[105],"acquisition":[108,120],"archives":[109],"digitized":[111],"images,":[112],"study":[114],"analyses":[115],"its":[116],"catalogue":[117],"metadata":[118],"records":[121],"trace":[123],"collecting":[125],"history":[126,185],"documented":[128],"provenance.":[129],"Secondly,":[130],"it":[131],"classifies":[132],"2,350":[133],"by":[135],"themes":[136],"using":[137],"deep":[138],"learning":[139],"methods.":[140],"It":[141],"then":[142],"conducts":[143],"semi-automatic":[144],"image":[145],"annotation":[146],"in-depth":[148,195],"analysis":[149,196],"explore":[151],"iconographies":[153],"their":[155],"evolution":[156],"in":[157],"history.":[158],"The":[159,189],"findings":[160],"reveal":[161],"changing":[163],"iconography":[164],"distribution":[165],"before":[166],"after":[168],"1840":[169],"within":[170],"holdings,":[173],"offering":[174],"new,":[175],"collection-based":[176],"insights":[177],"into":[178],"Sino-British":[179],"cultural":[180],"interactions":[181],"global":[183],"trade":[184],"period.":[188],"not":[191],"only":[192],"contributes":[193],"collection":[201],"but":[202],"also":[203],"provides":[204],"way":[207],"future":[209],"art":[214],"beyond.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2026-04-26T00:00:00"}
