{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408509479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqaf023","title":"Lexical richness viewed through lexical diversity, density, and sophistication","display_name":"Lexical richness viewed through lexical diversity, density, and sophistication","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408509479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqaf023"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/llc/fqaf023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqaf023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2734814886","display_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","issn_l":"2055-7671","issn":["2055-7671","2055-768X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2012768","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100611610","display_name":"Wanwan Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-6044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wanwan Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Humanity Center for Anthropocenic Actors and Agency, Graduate School of Humanities, Nagoya University , Furo-cho , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-6044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Humanity Center for Anthropocenic Actors and Agency, Graduate School of Humanities, Nagoya University , Furo-cho , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100611610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"],"apc_list":{"value":2754,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3632},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2975,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94286526,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"2","first_page":"692","last_page":"708"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sophistication","display_name":"Sophistication","score":0.8203948140144348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.662704586982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/species-richness","display_name":"Species richness","score":0.5816106200218201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5159038305282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3008655309677124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.12682950496673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropology","display_name":"Anthropology","score":0.12150442600250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.10971543192863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.07803750038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.07032662630081177}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168725872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q991663","display_name":"Sophistication","level":2,"score":0.8203948140144348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.662704586982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53565203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146659","display_name":"Species richness","level":2,"score":0.5816106200218201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5159038305282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3008655309677124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.12682950496673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.12150442600250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.10971543192863464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.07803750038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07032662630081177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/llc/fqaf023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqaf023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2734814886","display_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","issn_l":"2055-7671","issn":["2055-7671","2055-768X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01152:0006789914","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2012768","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01152:0006789914","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nagoya.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2012768","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Digital Scholarship in the Humanities","raw_type":"journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8291017745","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPJS00122674991","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320212","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320212","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London","ror":"https://ror.org/02m7axw05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W656040362","https://openalex.org/W773929776","https://openalex.org/W1050052418","https://openalex.org/W1494946869","https://openalex.org/W1506730116","https://openalex.org/W1578005008","https://openalex.org/W1964698778","https://openalex.org/W1971781298","https://openalex.org/W1976538119","https://openalex.org/W1980085274","https://openalex.org/W2007780422","https://openalex.org/W2012637537","https://openalex.org/W2014143342","https://openalex.org/W2014552602","https://openalex.org/W2019236394","https://openalex.org/W2034849674","https://openalex.org/W2048405521","https://openalex.org/W2053191407","https://openalex.org/W2087189381","https://openalex.org/W2087388117","https://openalex.org/W2102229948","https://openalex.org/W2113646895","https://openalex.org/W2145713659","https://openalex.org/W2201746867","https://openalex.org/W2317666317","https://openalex.org/W2498306740","https://openalex.org/W2548865334","https://openalex.org/W2747884776","https://openalex.org/W2800873970","https://openalex.org/W2902611259","https://openalex.org/W2952778849","https://openalex.org/W3046156495","https://openalex.org/W3197401341","https://openalex.org/W3198464452","https://openalex.org/W3215618728","https://openalex.org/W4206333344","https://openalex.org/W4220962802","https://openalex.org/W4230055623","https://openalex.org/W4293235257","https://openalex.org/W4316999998","https://openalex.org/W6654014911"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2317823609","https://openalex.org/W4241263575","https://openalex.org/W3130462184","https://openalex.org/W2902287117","https://openalex.org/W4318256508","https://openalex.org/W2401463593","https://openalex.org/W2022250864","https://openalex.org/W4385061579"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Recognizing":[1],"vocabulary":[2,41],"as":[3],"the":[4,95,105,151,181],"essential":[5],"language":[6,32,34,97],"foundation":[7],"and":[8,37,44,58,82,91,112,114,145,172,174],"determining":[9],"its":[10],"richness":[11,46],"continues":[12],"to":[13,103,115],"be":[14],"a":[15],"challenge":[16],"in":[17,27,89,138],"quantitative":[18],"linguistics.":[19],"This":[20,100],"issue":[21],"has":[22,47,64],"also":[23],"been":[24,48,65,86],"widely":[25,66],"applied":[26],"various":[28],"practical":[29],"contexts,":[30],"including":[31],"acquisition,":[33],"change,":[35],"psychology,":[36],"cognitive":[38],"science.":[39],"However,":[40],"is":[42],"complex,":[43],"lexical":[45,55,62,80,109,142,170],"typically":[49],"measured":[50],"using":[51],"three":[52,182],"distinct":[53],"indicators:":[54],"diversity,":[56,110,143],"density,":[57,111,144],"sophistication.":[59],"Among":[60],"them,":[61],"diversity":[63],"studied,":[67],"yet":[68],"reliable":[69],"metrics":[70],"independent":[71],"of":[72,79,108,123,153],"text":[73,154,165],"length":[74,155,166],"remain":[75],"lacking.":[76],"The":[77,161],"characteristics":[78],"density":[81,171],"sophistication":[83,146],"have":[84],"not":[85,168],"dealt":[87],"with":[88],"depth,":[90],"studies":[92],"focusing":[93],"on":[94,156],"Japanese":[96,129],"are":[98],"limited.":[99],"study":[101],"aimed":[102],"delineate":[104],"distinctive":[106],"features":[107],"sophistication,":[113,173],"explore":[116],"their":[117],"interrelationships":[118],"within":[119],"Japanese.":[120],"A":[121],"corpus":[122],"formal":[124],"policy":[125],"speeches":[126],"delivered":[127],"by":[128],"prime":[130],"ministers":[131],"was":[132,159,178],"utilized.":[133],"Numerical":[134],"experiments":[135],"were":[136,147],"conducted":[137],"two":[139],"stages:":[140],"first,":[141],"analyzed":[148],"separately;":[149],"subsequently,":[150],"impact":[152],"these":[157],"indicators":[158],"examined.":[160],"findings":[162],"indicated":[163],"that":[164],"did":[167],"affect":[169],"no":[175],"consistent":[176],"relationship":[177],"observed":[179],"among":[180],"indicators.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
